Top Determinants of a Home's Value (2024)

Many first-time home buyers believe the physical characteristics of a house will lead to increased property value.But in reality, a property's physical structure tends to depreciate over time, while the land it sits on typically appreciates in value. Although this distinction may seem trivial, understanding how prospective land values influence property returns lets investors make better choices.

Quite simply, land appreciates because it's in limited supply. After all, no one is producing any more earth. Consequently, as the population increases, so does the demand for land, driving its price up over time. Therefore, investors should consider how land appreciation can offset the depreciation of a home, which requires capital infusion for maintenance, as it ages. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) even acknowledges this inevitability by allowing the depreciation of a physical structure to reduce tax obligations for a business or investment.

The degree of depreciation and/or physical obsolescence varies from one property to another, but if left alone, properties continue to depreciate until they no longer add any value to the land. Some owners even raze physical structures to maximize the value of their parcels.

Key Takeaways

  • Many first-time home buyers believe the physical characteristics of a house will lead to increased property value.But in reality, a property's physical structure tends to depreciate over time, while the land it sits on typically appreciates in value.
  • Understanding how prospective land values influence property returns allows investors to make better choices.
  • Land appreciates because it is limited in supply; consequently, as the population increases, so does the demand for land, driving its price up over time.

Top 4 Things That Determine a Home’s Value

Implications for Investment

Once an investor understands the impact of land value on total appreciation, the time-honored real estate mantra of "location, location, location" takes on even greater meaning. Savvy home buyers look past the physical attributes of a home and focus on its physical site, taking the following elements into consideration:

Locations within neighborhoods will affect land values.

Not all spots within a given area are considered equal. A home by a cul-de-sac is usually in higher demand than a home situated near a busy roadway because the former has less traffic and is safer for young children. Also, most middle- and upper-class, single-family-home neighborhoods have new construction limits that are set when developers purchase most of the available land, on which to construct the subdivisions. Consequently, most neighborhoods evolve their own social, cultural and demographic characteristics that impact demand for houses.

The average age of neighbors can provide clues to appreciation.

New home buyers with small children often avoid locations with older homeowners who will not provide playmates for their little ones. Also, specific public schools can influence the demand for homes in particular school districts.

Future development can change the value of a property for better or for worse.

Homeowners should not only be cognizant of current local amenities,but they should also be aware of the prospective commercial and municipal developments in the area, such as plans for new schools, hospitals, and public infrastructure, that may impact land values.

Single-family property investors should also consider the possible development of condominiums in their neighborhoods. Because condo complexes may contain multiple units on small parcels of land, the increased supply could potentially drive down prices for all area homes.

The Bottom Line

Successful real estate investors look beyond the stylistic attributes of prospective home purchases and concentrate on a property's potential for land appreciation. This requires overlooking the most attractive houses in a target location and concentrating on those that provide opportunities for improvement, which may enhance the value of the land. Investors may track appreciation by visiting the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA).

Top Determinants of a Home's Value (2024)

FAQs

What is the #1 thing that determines the value of a home? ›

Ultimately, the financial backing in a deal determines the property's value, and it's most often a mortgage lender making the call.

What are the most important determinants of the value of a property? ›

This becomes all the more important for those who are buying a property purely for investment purposes. The five key factors to be considered while determining a property's value are – Location; Construction; Orientation & View; History, and External Factors.

What factors determine home value? ›

We've outlined some of the most important factors that influence your home's value:
  • Neighborhood comps. ...
  • Location. ...
  • Home size and usable space. ...
  • Age and condition. ...
  • Upgrades and updates. ...
  • The local market. ...
  • Economic indicators. ...
  • Interest rates.
Jun 4, 2022

What is the best way to determine home value? ›

5 ways to find out how much your house is worth
  1. Use a home value estimator. Best for: Sellers, buyers or anyone curious about the ballpark value of a home. ...
  2. Ask an agent for a comparative market analysis. ...
  3. Check your county or municipal website. ...
  4. Identify trends in the FHFA House Price Index. ...
  5. Hire a professional appraiser.
Feb 1, 2023

What are the 3 things that determine price for real estate? ›

A home's value is affected by local real estate trends, the housing market, the home's condition, age, location and property size.

What increases home value the most? ›

Upgrades that add physical square footage or make the home feel more spacious
  • Convert or build a home office. ...
  • Finish your basem*nt. ...
  • Open up the floor plan. ...
  • Add stone veneer to the front of your house. ...
  • Get a door of steel. ...
  • Replace your garage door. ...
  • Update your mailbox and house numbers. ...
  • Touch up or re-do your exterior paint.
Jan 31, 2022

What are the 4 ways to value a property? ›

Top 4 Methods of Real Estate Appraisal
  • Sales Comparison Approach. The sales comparison approach assumes that prior sales of similar properties provide the best indication of a property's value. ...
  • Cost Approach Appraisal. ...
  • Income Approach Appraisal. ...
  • Price Per Square Foot.
Feb 22, 2022

What are the four factors that create the value of the property? ›

The current and future importance consumers place on the four factors of value (Desire, Utility, Scarcity, and Effective Purchasing Power) represents Demand and Supply of the product or service. If you would like to learn more about Urban Statistic, you can look at our independent property valuations service here.

What are the four characteristics of value in real estate? ›

Basic Valuation Concepts

Demand: the desire or need for ownership supported by the financial means to satisfy the desire. Utility: the ability to satisfy future owners' desires and needs. Scarcity: the finite supply of competing properties. Transferability: the ease with which ownership rights are transferred.

What devalues a neighborhood? ›

Ultimately, unsightly yards and foreclosures affect the resale value of your home because they bring down the average home values in the neighborhood.

How do you determine fair market value? ›

Fair market value is usually determined by taking the average of three or more comparable homes. The comps strategy is a popular way to determine a home's fair market value, the price a buyer is willing to pay in a given market.

What is the difference between value and worth of a property? ›

Value refers to both the emotional and monetary cost of that item. Worth refers only to the monetary cost of an item. The worth of an item tends to stay the same, but the value of that item can fluctuate depending on the person, and that item's significance to them individually.

Which property value site is most accurate? ›

Zillow is the best overall home value estimator available. It is user-friendly and requires no log-in details. Its home value estimator is called the Zestimate, which provides an approximate value for your home based on public and user-submitted data.

What are the 3 most important things when looking to buy real estate? ›

What to Look for When Buying a House
  • Search for the right price.
  • Prioritize the location.
  • Think long term.
  • Assess property condition.
  • Don't focus on minor cosmetic details.
  • Stick with your must-haves.

What makes property value decrease? ›

Changes in the real estate market can lower the value of your home. Natural disasters and climate change can lower your property value because the property is a greater risk to purchase. Foreclosures in your neighborhood can also drive down property value.

What causes property value to increase? ›

As demand decreases, so do prices. An individual property can also change in value due to changes to the property itself. If something is added, such as a garage, bedroom, or pool, the value increases.

Does flooring increase home value? ›

So the short answer to “does new flooring increase home value?” is yes—if you're smart about your selections. The right upgrades also make your house move faster on the market. Follow these 5 pro tips to get the most out of this wise home investment.

What adds more value to a home bedroom or bathroom? ›

Bathroom additions return the most, according to Remodeling magazine's report — an average of 86.4 percent. The addition of attic bedrooms, family rooms and sunrooms returned anywhere from 70 to more than 80 percent of the money spent — and that doesn't factor in the value of your own enjoyment of all that new space.

What decreases property value the most? ›

It's best to be aware of what hurts property value so you can protect your home and get the most ROI when it comes time to sell.
  • 1) DIY projects gone wrong.
  • 2) Lack of curb appeal.
  • 3) Unsightly interior wall paint.
  • 4) Lack of upkeep.
  • 5) Wall to wall carpeting.
  • 6) Excessive clutter can hurt property value.
  • 7) Unpleasant smells.
Oct 9, 2020

How can you increase the value of a property? ›

6 Ways to Increase the Value of Your Home
  1. Update your home's finishes. ...
  2. Upgrade to energy-efficient features and appliances. ...
  3. Freshen up your curb appeal. ...
  4. Put your money into your kitchen and bathroom. ...
  5. Finish off your basem*nt or other unfinished spaces. ...
  6. Clean and declutter before showing your home.
Mar 8, 2022

How do you build value on a property? ›

8 ways to increase the value of your home
  1. Clean and declutter. ...
  2. Add usable square footage. ...
  3. Make your home more energy-efficient. ...
  4. Spruce it up with fresh paint. ...
  5. Work on your curb appeal. ...
  6. Upgrade your exterior doors. ...
  7. Give your kitchen an updated look. ...
  8. Stage your home.
Jul 5, 2022

What are the 5 value factors? ›

I call it the 5 Factors of Value Method – Location, Condition, Functionality, Comparable Sales and Motivation. When using this method, you can literally write each of the 5 factors down on a sheet of paper and use it as a guide when valuing a home.

What are the 3 most important factors in real estate? ›

The three most important factors when buying a home are location, location, and location. Too often I hear people talking about making decisions based on the home itself, instead of the location, and that is a mistake.

What are the four essential elements of value? ›

The Four Essential Elements of Value are:
  • Scarcity: How much is there of it?
  • Transferability: Can it be sold?
  • Utility: Can it be used?
  • Demand: Does anybody want it?

What are the three C's of real estate? ›

They evaluate credit and payment history, income and assets available for a down payment and categorize their findings as the Three C's: Capacity, Credit and Collateral.

What are the 7 basic characteristics of real estate? ›

Real estate has seven specific characteristics related to its economic impact or physical nature. They are scarcity, improvements, location, investment permanence, uniqueness, immobility, and Indestructibility. A real estate property can be classified into residential, commercial, industrial, or land.

What are the two 2 factors affecting value formation? ›

Abstract. The values formation process may be influenced by a mixture of parent values, peer values, and cultural values. The relationship between parents and their child remains influential.

What are the three factors that determine the value of an asset? ›

A valuation model is a quantitative tool that attempts to objectively measure value by evaluating the opportunity, cost, and risks associated with the asset.

What are three influences on values? ›

Your faith, culture, education, mentors, and personal experiences heavily influence your beliefs, and they can change over time. Your belief system then impacts your personal values. These are the things you identify as important to your personal well-being.

What depreciates the value of a house? ›

The land that a property is on does not depreciate, but items such as new trees or plants near the property can depreciate. You can depreciate a rental property after it has been purchased and renovated and is available to be rented out.

At what age does a house start losing value? ›

If you haven't renovated your home in the past 30 years or so, it won't show well when you put it on the market. In other words, it won't get the same price as a similar home that's been maintained and updated.

What are the best colors to sell a house? ›

When you're painting your house to sell, you'll want to stick with neutral or earthy tones, though you can choose white, beiges, greys, or even off-white colors. Depending on the room, you can even choose neutral shades of blue or green (like in the kitchen). You'll also want to avoid white in bathrooms.

How does the IRS determine fair market value of a home? ›

According to the IRS, it's the price that property would sell for on the open market. This is the price that would be agreed upon between a willing buyer and a willing seller. Neither would be required to act, and both would have reasonable knowledge of the relevant facts.

What is an example of fair value? ›

Company B's owner thinks he could sell the stock at $50 per share once he acquires it and so decides to buy a million shares at the original price. Despite the large profit potential for Company B, the sale is considered fair value because the price was agreed by both sides and they both benefit from the sale.

What determines worth or value? ›

This is determined primarily by the demand for the object relative to supply in a perfectly competitive market. Many neoclassical economic theories equate the value of a commodity with its price, whether the market is competitive or not.

Is a house more valuable than land? ›

Plots of Land Have Higher Resale Value

Even if you can rent a house or an apartment for a constant cash stream, it will continue losing its value. The market value can depreciate due to the house's obsolete design, antiquated construction methods, and normal wear and tear.

What is the real value of a property? ›

Property is valuable because of the future benefits it is expected (anticipated) to provide. A property's value may be defined as the present worth of the rights to all prospective future benefits, tangible and intangible, accruing to the ownership of real property.

Are Zillow values accurate? ›

How accurate is the Zestimate? The nationwide median error rate for the Zestimate for on-market homes is 2.4%, while the Zestimate for off-market homes has a median error rate of 7.49%.

Are Zillow values correct? ›

Zestimates are generally quite accurate. The median error rate for the Zestimate of U.S. houses on the market is just 1.9 percent. The median error rate for houses that are not on the market is higher, at 6.9 percent, but still close enough to do your preliminary planning.

Are Zillow estimates overpriced? ›

Several studies demonstrate that it's possible Zillow can be accurate within 80-90% of the value of a home. This means that its estimates can be a good starting point. However, when you want to price a home to sell or know what a home is worth so you can buy now, its numbers are not accurate enough.

What defines the value of a property? ›

Property value refers to the price a potential buyer is willing to pay. This price depends on a number of factors, such as the size of the property parcel , its geographic location, and other features, such as the proximity to amenities or number of bedrooms and bathrooms.

How accurate is Zillow Zestimate? ›

How accurate is the Zestimate? The nationwide median error rate for the Zestimate for on-market homes is 2.4%, while the Zestimate for off-market homes has a median error rate of 7.49%. The Zestimate's accuracy depends on the availability of data in a home's area.

What are the 5 properties of values? ›

Characteristics of Values
  • Values are personal.
  • Our actions point to what we really value.
  • Our values give us our perception of the world.
  • Inconsistent behavior may indicate and absence of values.
  • Values change as experiences change.

What is required in order to determine the market value of a property? ›

Fair market value is usually determined by taking the average of three or more comparable homes. The comps strategy is a popular way to determine a home's fair market value, the price a buyer is willing to pay in a given market.

What are the three approaches to value in an appraisal? ›

There are three internationally accepted methods of measuring the value of property: the cost approach, the sales comparison approach and the income approach. Depending on the nature of the property being valued, one or more of the approaches may be used by the assessor.

How do you know if a house is overpriced? ›

5 Signs That A House Is Overpriced
  1. It Doesn't Match The Price Of Similar Listings. ...
  2. It's Been On The Market For A Long Time. ...
  3. The List Price Doesn't Align With The State Of The Home. ...
  4. The Price Doesn't Match Your Calculations. ...
  5. The Home Hasn't Received Much Attention.
May 9, 2023

Why are Zillow estimates so high? ›

The first thing to consider is when you bought the property. If you recently purchased your home within a year or two, the Zestimate might be higher than expected. The housing market has been hot and unpredictable for the past few years, which means home values have jumped up as buyers fight for properties.

What is more accurate than Zestimate? ›

Redfin is more accurate when valuing homes.

Both Zillow and Redfin give homes an approximate value, but the Zestimate provided by Zillow has proven slightly less accurate than Redfin's estimate. Final numbers depend significantly on the local market and demand for a property in your particular location.

What is the most accurate appraisal method? ›

Cost Approach to Value

The cost approach can be used to appraise all types of improved property. It is the most reliable approach for valuing unique properties.

What are the 4 aspects of value? ›

The four types of value include: functional value, monetary value, social value, and psychological value. The sources of value are not equally important to all consumers.

How does age affect home value? ›

Is the Age of a House Important in Determining its Value? Newer homes generally sell for more than older ones, but the difference can be even greater when an old house has been renovated and modernized.

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