Transcription Guidelines, Standards, and Legal Requirements (2024)

August 21, 2018 BY ELISA LEWIS
Updated: September 29, 2021

Transcription is the process of converting video or audio content into text. It can be viewed below or on the side of the video. The transcript allows users to navigate through your content, providing a text alternative that they can follow along with, thus creating a better user experience.

Transcription Guidelines, Standards, and Legal Requirements (1)
There are currently 48 million Americans with some degree of hearing loss. That is 20% of the U.S. population. With the increasing popularity of online video and audio, if you don’t provide transcripts, a significant portion of the population is being left out from consuming your content. There are a number of legal requirements, standards, and guidelines put in place to ensure that content is accessible to everyone. If you aren’t accommodating people with disabilities, your company could find itself in legal troubles down the line.

Legal Requirements for Transcription

Transcription Guidelines, Standards, and Legal Requirements (2)

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is a broad anti-discrimination law for people with disabilities. Title II of the ADA prohibits disability discrimination by all public entities at the local and state level. Governmental agencies must provide assistive technology or services as needed, in order to ensure effective communication with citizens. Title III of the ADA prohibits disability discrimination by “places of public accommodation” that are privately owned – this includes libraries, universities, museums, theaters, and much more. The law states that all videos displayed within or distributed by such places must be captioned. This includes providing transcriptions for audio as well.

Some online businesses are considered “places of public accommodation” even though they may not be brick and mortar stores. The landmark case, NAD v. Netflix, is a prime example of how digital companies can be sued if they aren’t compliant with the law.

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act states that no person in the United States should be excluded from participating in any program receiving federal funding because of their disability. Federal entities as well as organizations funded by the federal government must provide equal access for users who are deaf or hard of hearing by offering closed captioning.

Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act requires all electronic communication and information technologies, such as websites, email, or web documents, be accessible. As of January 18, 2018, Section 508 has been revised to be compliant with WCAG 2.0 standards. The goal is to establish a congruous standard for the federal government or entities receiving federal grants, while achieving global accessibility.

Transcription Standards

WCAG 2.0 was developed by the World Wide Web Consortium to create a set of guidelines in order to make digital content accessible for all users, including those with disabilities. While WCAG 2.0 isn’t a law, many countries and organizations have adapted it as a standard. WCAG 2.0 has three levels of compliance: Level A, AA, and AAA. Level AAA is the highest standard to meet. At the lowest level, Level A, transcripts are a recommendation for audio-only content. The Level A standard of WCAG 2.0 states that “an alternative for time-based media is provided that presents equivalent information for pre-recorded audio-only content”. This means that audio content must accommodate d/Deaf or hard of hearing users by providing transcripts.

There are four essential principles set in place to meet WCAG 2.0’s standards:

  1. Perceivable: users must be able to perceive the information and user interface in a way that is presentable to users
  2. Operable: users must be able to operate the interface successfully
  3. Understandable: users must be able to understand the information and user interface
  4. Robust: content must be robust enough that it can be interpreted reliably by a wide variety of user agents, including assistive technologies

When do you need captioning and when is transcription sufficient?

Transcription Guidelines, Standards, and Legal Requirements (3)

Captioning is required for pre-recorded and live presentations to make auditory information accessible to people who be deaf or hard of hearing. In order to ensure equal access and equal opportunity to participate for people with disabilities, many entities are obligated by law to provide captions. This applies to a variety of industries and governments including education, entertainment, and local and state governments.

Typically, captions are needed when there is video content like a television show or PowerPoint presentation with a voice over. In this case, users are able to see what’s happening on a screen while simultaneously getting the audio information. Transcripts however, are sufficient for audio-only content like teleconferences or podcasts. There are many benefits to transcripts. They not only increase accessibility for deaf or hard of hearing users, but they additionally help non-native English speakers and viewers who are in sound-prohibitive environments. It’s worth noting that a transcript alone is not enough to make a video accessible. A fully accessible video should include both captions and a transcript.

Guidelines for Transcriptions

The Described and Captioned Media Program (DCMP) provides a set of guidelines for transcripts so that they can be accessible and readily available to those who want or need them. It’s important that the transcripts provided be equivalent to the audio content.

Transcription Guidelines, Standards, and Legal Requirements (4)

3Play Media Transcription Best Practices

Here are some tips to make the most out of your transcripts:

  • Transcripts should be at least 99% accurate
  • Grammar and punctuation are important for providing maximum clarity
  • Speaker identification helps users identify who is speaking
  • Essential to communicate non-speech sounds
  • Transcribe content as close to verbatim as possible
To get started with transcription click below!
Transcription Guidelines, Standards, and Legal Requirements (5)
Transcription Guidelines, Standards, and Legal Requirements (2024)

FAQs

What is the basic rule in transcribing? ›

Transcripts should be at least 99% accurate. Grammar and punctuation are important for providing maximum clarity. Speaker identification helps users identify who is speaking. Essential to communicate non-speech sounds.

How can I pass my transcription exam? ›

The 8 Simple Hacks to Pass Transcription Tests Online
  1. Listen Carefully. ...
  2. Understand Proper Punctuation. ...
  3. Brush Up on Grammar and Spelling. ...
  4. Learn Transcription Formatting. ...
  5. Use Critical Thinking. ...
  6. Invest in Transcription Tools. ...
  7. Free Resources and Practice Files to Polish Your Transcription Skills.
May 22, 2019

How many mistakes are allowed on transcription test? ›

With the exception of measurements, numbers one to nine should be transcribed in letters. There should be no more than 2 mistakes for every 10 comprehensible words spoken.

What happens if you do not transcribe audio according to go transcripts guidelines? ›

Explanation: If you do not prepare the transcriptions according to these requirements, you might be removed from the team of transcribers.

What are the professional standards of a transcriber? ›

This is the Transcription Society's list of four principal requirements for every transcriber to abide by. All transcribers will be competent, impartial, maintain confidentiality at all times and work with integrity.

What are the three rules of transcription? ›

Transcription of a gene takes place in three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination.

How long does it take to transcribe 1 hour of audio? ›

When it comes to individual transcribers, the average time to transcribe one hour of audio is approximately four hours. But, some transcribers quote four hours as the minimum since it can easily reach 10 hours. Transcription time by audio hour varies so much mostly because each audio file is different.

How hard is it to get into transcription? ›

It requires patience and serious training. The job might involve transcribing recordings of legal, medical, and other topics. Becoming a transcriptionist requires having excellent typing skills and keen hearing. It requires accuracy and a commitment to producing a written document of high quality.

How much money can you make as a transcriptionist? ›

How Much Do Transcriptionist Jobs Pay per Hour?
Annual SalaryHourly Wage
Top Earners$45,500$22
75th Percentile$38,000$18
Average$33,773$16
25th Percentile$28,000$13

What is a good typing speed for a transcriptionist? ›

While most transcriptionists can type at around 50 words per minute (WPM), make it your goal to type at least 60 WPM. By improving your typing speed, you can get more work done in less time, which seriously increases your earning potential!

What are the do's and don'ts of transcription? ›

Do – make sure you transcribe everything verbatim, including any 'you know', 'like' and so on. Remember, false starts can be a vital clue in a legal case. Don't – correct grammar mistakes and slang, or leave out hesitations, pauses or anything else. Exactly what was said, as well as how it was said, is important.

Which transcription type is the most challenging? ›

The first kind is the verbatim transcription. This type of transcription is the most difficult, complicated and time-consuming.

What mistakes can be made in transcription? ›

Here are the eight biggest mistakes that can happen during transcription.
  • Typing Errors. Typos happen to anyone. ...
  • Atomic Typos. ...
  • Mishearing words. ...
  • Words That Sound The Same. ...
  • Misspelled Names. ...
  • Spelling And Grammar Mistakes. ...
  • Shortcut Mistakes. ...
  • Speech Recognition Mistakes.

What is the basic rule while transcribing the audio file? ›

When transcribing verbatim work, include every utterance and sound exactly as you hear. Unless directed in the work's “Notes” section, all filler words should be included. Also, transcribe stutters as accurately as possible.

What should you do if you cannot identify who exactly is speaking when transcribing? ›

If you cannot identify who exactly is speaking, add a question mark before the speaker label.

What are the three biggest challenges of being a transcriber? ›

Here are a few challenges that a transcriptionist needs to know in order to properly breeze through them whenever they occur.
  • Dealing with deadlines. ...
  • Adjusting to the latest technology. ...
  • Credibility. ...
  • Faulty audio. ...
  • Motivation.

What is the most important skill as a transcriptionist? ›

Active listening

Active listening is an important skill for transcriptionists or professionals who transcribe audio and video for their job because they need to listen carefully in order to transcribe a conversation accurately.

What are the four major skills needed for transcription? ›

Top transcription skills:
  • Typing.
  • Language, spelling, and grammar.
  • Copy editing.
  • Research.
  • Careful listening.
  • Communication.
  • Good memory.
  • Attention to detail.
Dec 20, 2022

Does a transcript have to be word for word? ›

The two widely used text formats in transcription are full verbatim and clean verbatim. If you are transcribing in full verbatim, ensure the content in your transcript is a replica of the words and sounds uttered in the audio or video file.

What is clean verbatim? ›

Full verbatim captures the spoken word exactly as stated, including fillers words, stutters and false starts. Clean verbatim on the other hand captures words exactly as stated, but editing is conducted. Clean verbatim corrects for filler words, repeated words and stutters.

Is transcription 3 to 5 or 5 to 3? ›

Answer and Explanation: Transcription always occurs in the 5' - 3' direction because it must be antiparallel to the complementary strand it is base paired with. So that means it will start at the 3' end of its complementary strand and proceed in the 5' - 3' direction as it copies the gene on DNA into mRNA.

How much do freelance transcriptionists charge per audio hour? ›

Standard rates for professional transcriptionists (especially those professionals from North America) range from $1.5 to $3 per audio minute or $90 to $180 per audio hour. If your project has extra requirements, such as a quick turnaround time, you may be forced to pay more to have the job done.

What is the average words per minute for a transcriptionist? ›

A transcriptionist's typing speed is measured in either words or keystrokes per minute. On average, good scribes type 40-60 WPM, with the more experienced of them capable of scribing more than 80 words in 60 seconds! Court reporters and real-time transcriptionists are the fastest - they can type over 100 WPM!

What is the correct way to transcribe time? ›

As an example, TranscriptionWing's standard format for timestamps is [HH:MM:SS] - that is the accurate hours, minutes, down to seconds - placed in different ways within the transcript.

How much does beginner transcription pay? ›

The “starting rate” is around $0.75 to $0.85 per audio minute and top transcriptionists make between $250 and $950 per week. You'll have to pass a “skills assessment test” as well as a transcription test before getting started.

Can you be a transcriptionist with no experience? ›

While you can be hired for a transcription job without any formal training or experience, certain higher-paying positions, such as medical or legal transcription, require certification. Transcriptionist work in the medical field requires a one-year certification program or an associate degree in medical transcription.

Is transcription stressful? ›

Lots of stress.

The work is hard and must be precise. Audio files are not always clear of background noise and are often hard to transcribe; doctors who vocally record their notes for a transcriptionist don't always think about the person transcribing what they say.

Do you need a certificate to be a transcriptionist? ›

While there are no standard qualifications required in becoming a professional transcriptionist, there are various associations that provide certifications to individuals who are interested in mastering the field of transcriptions.

Can you make a living transcribing? ›

Transcription jobs are lucrative ways to make extra money, especially if you speak and write in more than one language. Here are the best work-from-home transcription jobs. Transcriptionists are in high demand.

Can transcription be a side hustle? ›

People may not think of transcription services when considering side hustles to undertake for extra income. However, they could be ideal for anyone looking to have a mobile business.

How long does it take to transcribe 1 minute of audio? ›

Transcription speed for an average person

An amateur transcriber typically types between 40 and 60 words per minute. As a result, it takes the average person about four hours to transcribe one hour of audio.

How do you know if you'd be a good transcriptionist? ›

What Skills Should a Transcriptionist Have?
  • Listening skills. Transcription is all about taking what you hear and putting it on a page, so good listening skills are a must.
  • Fast typing. ...
  • Attention to detail. ...
  • Written communication. ...
  • Independent work ethic. ...
  • Time management. ...
  • Research skills. ...
  • Meeting deadlines.
Jan 24, 2023

Where can I practice transcribing for free? ›

Transcription companies like GoTranscript and Scribe also provide free transcription practice so be sure to check them out.

What are the basic rules a transcribing should follow while? ›

Never paraphrase or reconstruct the speech in the audio you are transcribing. Do not correct grammatical errors made by the speakers. Always use the correct spelling for misspoken words. Example: If a speaker pronounces "niche" [neesh] as nitche.

Why is transcribing so hard? ›

Transcription is one of the most demanding and labor-intensive among all translation services. It requires high-skills from the transcriptionist, from listening to the audio or video file, researching the subject matter, understanding the context of the recording and typing the audio into readable text.

How can I make transcription easier? ›

How Do You Transcribe Easily?
  1. Find a quiet place to work.
  2. Improve your typing velocity.
  3. Remove all distractions.
  4. Use Word's advanced tools (such as autocorrect)
  5. Buy a foot pedal for your work.
  6. Buy a text expanders.
  7. Use the right transcription software.
Nov 13, 2020

What format is best for transcription? ›

The ideal legal transcription format would be verbatim transcription. It's important for legal proceedings to have full, accurate transcripts. Verbatim transcription is often required as a deposition transcript format.

How do you ensure accuracy when transcribing? ›

To make sure you get a totally accurate transcript, apply these four tactics when recording audio or video.
  1. Invest in a professional microphone. ...
  2. Keep background noise to a minimum. ...
  3. Take care with microphone placement. ...
  4. Always test your devices.

How do I pass an audio transcription test? ›

The 8 Simple Hacks to Pass Transcription Tests Online
  1. Listen Carefully. ...
  2. Understand Proper Punctuation. ...
  3. Brush Up on Grammar and Spelling. ...
  4. Learn Transcription Formatting. ...
  5. Use Critical Thinking. ...
  6. Invest in Transcription Tools. ...
  7. Free Resources and Practice Files to Polish Your Transcription Skills.
May 22, 2019

Do you have to transcribe full verbatim? ›

A full verbatim transcript is required. The transcription format also affects the choice of a transcript.

How do you transcribe words correctly? ›

The most popular system is to put a vertical line ( ˈ ) before the stressed syllable in the phonetic transcription of the word. For example, the transcription for become is /bɪˈkʌm/ . If a word has only one syllable (examples: pen, watch), dictionaries usually do not put the ˈ stress mark before it.

How do you transcribing inaudible words? ›

When you cannot understand the audio at all, instead of guessing, you can mention [inaudible] or [unintelligible] in the transcriptions to indicate that part of the recording wasn't clear to transcribe. You could use symbols like '-' or '....' or write [several inaudible words] to indicate unclear sounds.

How do you master transcribing? ›

7 Transcribing Tips: How Can I Get Transcription Fast6 min read
  1. Make use of an Autocorrect Tool.
  2. Practice Typing to perfection.
  3. Making use of High-Quality and noise cancellation headset.
  4. A comfortable and quiet environment.
  5. Type Smartly.
  6. Get your hands on a good transcribing software.
  7. Take Breaks.
  8. The final word.

What is basic transcribing on Staar? ›

Description of Accommodation. This accommodation, or designated support, allows a test administrator to transfer student responses onto an answer document or into the Texas Assessment Management System for online administrations when a student is unable to accomplish this task independently.

What are the 4 steps of transcription simple? ›

The major steps of transcription are initiation, promoter clearance, elongation, and termination.

Do you transcribe 5 to 3? ›

Answer and Explanation: Transcription always occurs in the 5' - 3' direction because it must be antiparallel to the complementary strand it is base paired with. So that means it will start at the 3' end of its complementary strand and proceed in the 5' - 3' direction as it copies the gene on DNA into mRNA.

What are the basic rules of transcription clean verbatim? ›

During a clean verbatim transcription, filler words, pauses, and sounds like coughing or sighing will be omitted. The transcriber may even edit the text a bit to correct sentences for grammar or to eliminate irrelevant words or sentences.

What to expect in a transcription test? ›

In general, transcription tests involve typing out a passage of speech from an audio or video recording within a set amount of time. The typing speed and accuracy of the person taking the test is then assessed. Transcription require both fast typing speeds and critical thinking skills.

What is the hardest STAAR test? ›

Social studies and math are the most common with students when it comes to the hardest STAAR test because of the things students have to remember. “Social studies is the hardest STAAR test for me because I can't remember most of the information that we learned in the beginning of the year,” said Hinkle.

What does transcription mean in typing test? ›

A Transcription of a conversation or speech is a written text of it , based on a recording or notes . In this stage , first you have to transcribe the dictated notes and then type the transcription on a Computer . – In stenography, transcription is the life –line for speed writers.

What are basic types of transcription? ›

How Many Types of Transcription Are There? There are two primary transcription types: Verbatim and non-verbatim transcription. Each of these types of transcription serves a unique purpose and suits a specific kind of project.

How long to transcribe 15 minutes? ›

Transcription Speed for the Average Person

It takes most people about one hour to transcribe 15 minutes of a clear, slow audio file. If any of the factors we mentioned above change the quality of the recording, that time might go up.

How long to transcribe 20 minutes? ›

That means you should expect any audio that is less than 15 minutes to be transcribed within an hour. Some experienced transcriptionists can transcribe files much faster. It's not unheard for experienced transcriptionists to transcribe 20 to 30 minutes of audio in one hour.

How long does it take to transcribe 30 minutes of audio? ›

Various factors affect how long it takes. As a very broad rule of thumb, many transcribers say it takes four hours for every one hour of audio. Obviously, if you're wondering how long to transcribe 30 minutes of audio file, around two hours.

What is the verbatim rule? ›

Verbatim means to use exactly the same words as another; usually when transcribing, quoting, or recording the original material word for word, such as making a verbatim transcript in a proceeding. [Last updated in May of 2022 by the Wex Definitions Team]

What is clean verbatim style example? ›

Clean Verbatim

Your text is transcribed and all filler words are removed, such as: hmm, you know, like, etc. We also clean up stutters and stammers, as well as filler words. For example: “It was, like, you know, a pretty boring experience” is changed to read: “It was a pretty boring experience.”

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