Permanent Residency in Japan: Relaxation of Requirements (2024)

Japan has increasingly become an attractive destination to many foreign nationals because of its strong infrastructure, unique culture and rich history and diverse economic opportunities.

Japan is unique in that it has been grappling with the challenge of an aging population, resulting in a shortage in domestic labor. Like many countries, Japan has turned to immigration possibilities as one of several solutions to tackle this issue.

Traditionally, for a foreign national to obtain permanent residency (PR) in Japan (when he/she does not have a Japanese spouse or parents, for example), the applicant must have resided in Japan for at least 10 years. The applicant must have also held a Japan work visa for at least five years during this 10-year residency period (and must be currently holding a Japan work visa with a validity of at least three years). However, news from the country related to the relaxation of the requirements may make it easier for a foreign national to obtain PR.

Shifts Toward Relaxed Requirements

In 2012, Japan introduced a new work visa category known as the Highly Skilled Foreign Professional (HSFP) Visa, which introduced a points-based system. The points were calculated on the basis of an individual’s background and qualifications, including age, income, Japanese-language fluency, work experience and more.

A HSFP Visa holder was entitled to certain preferential immigration benefits, including a shortened pathway for permanent residency. With the introduction of the HSFP Visa category, it was possible for the holder of this visa status in Japan to be eligible for PR on a shortened schedule.

Moreover, in late 2014, there were already talks of plans to further shorten the residency requirement to three years. In mid-2015, slight revisions were made to the HSFP Visa category, introducing the Highly Skilled Professional (i) and Highly Skilled Professional (ii) (HSP) visa statuses.

Instead of shortening the residency requirement for PR generally, the HSP (ii) visa status was introduced. Under this new scheme, anyone who held the previous HSFP or the new HSP (i) visa status (and has worked and stayed in Japan under these visa statuses for at least three years) was deemed eligible for the HSP (ii) visa status. The HSP (ii) status is akin to PR in the sense that it too does not have an expiry date, but the holder is also entitled to the added benefits of the HSP.

In late 2016, there were speculations about plans to even further shorten the residency requirements for PR, but nothing was officially announced by the Ministry of Justice (which manages immigration into Japan).

Finally, in April 2017, the residency requirements for PR were shortened to three years for all foreign nationals who are able to score 70-79 points, and one year for those able to score 80 points or more (based on the points calculation of the HSP Visa scheme). The Immigration authorities also clarified that the applicant is not required to hold either the HSP(i) or HSP(ii) Visa statuses.

Relaxed Requirements in Practice

From a broad perspective, these developments helped to address Japan’s aging population and labor shortage. By shortening the residency requirement for PR, this allows Japan to fill the void in its labor market. The HSP points calculation criteria helps the government to ensure that the privilege of holding PR status in Japan is conveyed to those foreign nationals who are likely to make valuable contributions to Japanese society.

Since its introduction, Fragomen has seen an increase in PR requests and successfully assisted several individuals in obtaining their PR status. While the eligibility requirements for PR have been reduced, the processing time of the application remains lengthy. It is therefore important to note that the filing of a PR application (and the subsequent follow-ups with the authorities) is not a mere paper-pushing exercise.

For those who qualify and aspire to stay in Japan for an extended period, these developments help foreign nationals move one step closer to achieving their PR status.

Need to know more?

For any further information, please contact Business Immigration Manager Adrian Goh at [emailprotected]. This blog was published on Tuesday, February 14, 2023, and due to the circ*mstances, there are frequent changes.

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Permanent Residency in Japan: Relaxation of Requirements (2024)

FAQs

What is the requirement for permanent residency in Japan? ›

10 years of consecutive residence in Japan, which should include 5 years of residence under a work visa or those granted according to the family status (Spouse of Japanese national, Long Term Resident...) Currently having the longest period of stay (3 years in most cases)

Is it hard to get permanent residency in Japan? ›

You can also boost your score by proving knowledge of the Japanese language. To qualify for permanent residency within one to five years of living in Japan, you will need to score a minimum of 70 points. Those with a score of 80 points or higher are eligible to obtain permanent residency after just one year.

How can a foreigner permanently live in Japan? ›

However, this depends on where you come from. But, if you want to move to Japan permanently, you will need to apply for a long-term stay visa at the Japanese diplomatic missions (embassy/consulate) in your home country to enter Japan. Once you get the status of a permanent resident in Japan, it will be indefinite.

Can you get permanent residency in Japan if you buy a house? ›

Buying Property Doesn't Give You A Visa

First and foremost, buying a house in Japan does NOT help you acquire a visa or permanent resident status. The residency process is the same whether you own property or not.

Which country has the easiest permanent residency? ›

Let's look at the list of some of the Easiest Countries to Get Your Permanent Residency.
  • New Zealand. The Skilled Migration Program has attracted many citizens to immigrate to this popular destination. ...
  • Canada. ...
  • Australia. ...
  • Germany. ...
  • Ireland. ...
  • Thailand. ...
  • Portugal.
Mar 22, 2023

Does Japan allow dual citizenship? ›

Tokyo High Court ruling supports Japan's ban on dual citizenship. Article 11 of the nationality law states: “If a Japanese citizen acquires the nationality of a foreign country of their own choice, that Japanese citizen loses Japanese nationality.”

Does Japan give citizenship to foreigners? ›

Naturalization is a process that confers nationality upon those who are not nationals and wish to acquire nationality. In Japan, the permission for naturalization is under the authority of the Minister of Justice (Article 4 of the Japanese Nationality Act).

Can you move to Japan without citizenship? ›

A person who already stayid in Japan and would like to extend stay for long period of time can apply for permanent resident visa. You can get permission to live in Japan with no period, without changing your nationality.

Can you live in Japan if you're American? ›

Can an American move to Japan? Yes. You can move to Japan from the US. You'll need to apply for the relevant visa for your situation, at the Japanese Embassy or Consulate² which is closest to your home.

Can Americans retire to Japan? ›

Japan is a stunning destination and highly sought after by Americans who want to retire abroad. It is very difficult to gain residency in Japan, but if you do, it can be a great place to retire. The healthcare system is one of the best in the world.

How long can you live in Japan without citizenship? ›

Most statuses of residence allow you to stay in Japan for a period between three months and five years. If you wish to stay longer, you must apply for an extension at an immigration bureau inside Japan before the expiry date of your current residence permission.

How long can a US citizen stay in Japan? ›

You must have a valid passport and an onward/return ticket for tourist/business "visa free" stays of up to 90 days. Your passport must be valid for the entire time you are staying in Japan.

What is flat 35 Japan? ›

Flat 35 is a fully fixed interest rate housing loan provided by the Japan Housing Finance Agency in collaboration with private financial institutions. Applications are received at these partnering financial institutions.

Can you move to Japan if you buy property? ›

There are no legal restrictions for foreigners renting or buying a property in Japan. However, the process and requirements can be complicated. If you are planning on buying a property, please make sure to reach out for legal advice.

What is the easiest country to move to from the US? ›

Portugal has a warm climate and a much lower cost of living than the US, which makes it one of the easiest countries to immigrate to from the US. Portugal is well known for its beautiful beaches, rich culture and history, and vibrant cities.

Where is the cheapest residency in the world? ›

Cambodia is one of the easiest and cheapest countries for immigration. The only thing you need to do to get a residency there is to pay a fee for the required number of months. For 12-months, the sum is $285. Another easy country to move to is Portugal.

How can I move to Japan from the US? ›

How to move to Japan from the US- The Visas. Japan is all about working, and you would have to get a job in Japan in order to get a visa. You can do this by applying for a Japanese company, and getting a job with them. The company will start the process of visa application for you.

Can you have a Japanese and American passport? ›

Dual citizens should carry both valid passports (U.S. and Japan) at all times when traveling to/from the U.S. The dual citizen must present the Japanese passport when going through Japanese immigration and the U.S. passport at U.S. immigration.

How can a US citizen get dual citizenship with Japan? ›

Dual Nationality by Birth

Individuals can acquire dual US/Japan citizenship by either: being born in the US with at least one Japanese parent, or. being born in another country with one Japanese parent, and one US citizen parent who was present in the US for a certain period of time before the birth.

Which country citizenship is hardest to get? ›

17 Hardest Countries To Get Citizenship [Updated May 2023]
  • Qatar.
  • Vatican City.
  • Liechtenstein.
  • Bhutan.
  • Saudi Arabia.
  • Kuwait.
  • Switzerland.
  • China.

Does the US allow dual citizenship? ›

If you qualify for dual citizenship, you must first immigrate to the U.S. Then you must become a permanent U.S. resident before being eligible for U.S. citizenship. Learn more about immigrating to the U.S. And find out how to become a permanent resident.

Why doesn t Japan allow dual citizenship? ›

The decision by the high court endorsed a district court ruling in January 2021 that deemed dual citizenship “could cause conflict in the rights and obligations between countries, as well as between the individual and the state.”

Is it hard for Americans to move to Japan? ›

Unlike some Asian countries, relocating to Japan is not difficult as long as you are prepared. This means having all of the right documents together before you even board your flight to the island nation. What do you need for a Japanese relocation?

Why is it so hard to get Japanese citizenship? ›

Japan has the longest process to provide citizenship to any foreigner. If you want to have citizenship in japan, you must have lived in the country for about 5 years and taken permission from the Justice Minister. It requires lots of paperwork and a long process of around 6-12 months.

What is the difference between permanent residency and citizenship in Japan? ›

Naturalization is the process of becoming a Japanese citizen. Permanent residency and status of residence are procedures that allow you to continue living in Japan as a foreigner, but naturalization allows you to obtain citizenship as a Japanese citizen and of course continue living in Japan.

Do I have to pay US taxes if I live in Japan? ›

In general, US expats living in Japan are required to file tax returns with both the US and Japanese governments. As a US citizen, you are required to file a US Federal Tax Return every year, regardless of where you live or work.

Is it cheaper to live in Japan as an American? ›

On average, rent in Japan is cheaper than the US; monthly costs for three-bedroom apartments tend to range around 60,000 yen ($450), whereas family rent in the US can rise to more than $2,000.

Is US Social Security taxed in Japan? ›

While you work—If your work is covered by both the U.S. and Japanese Social Security systems, you (and your employer, if you are employed) would normally have to pay Social Security taxes to both countries for the same work.

Can a US citizen buy a house in Japan? ›

In Japan, unlike other countries, there are no restrictions for foreigners based on whether or not they have permanent resident status, Japanese nationality, or based on their visa type. This means that foreigners are allowed to own both land and buildings in Japan as real estate properties.

What is the best place to retire in the world? ›

Countries Natixis ranked as secure retirement locations are mostly concentrated in Europe but also include New Zealand and Australia. The top three countries in the rankings are Norway, Switzerland and Iceland, all of which have life expectancies of 83 years, compared to 77 in the U.S. and the world average of 72.

Does Japan offer a retirement visa? ›

Japan does not offer a “retiree” visa and instead retirees should enter Japan on some other visa (perhaps on a cultural visa – which is longer term than a standard tourist visa – to study zen or another art), live here for a number of years, and then apply for a long term resident visa (after seven years of residence ...

Can you live in Japan without residency? ›

Also, regardless of nationality, all residents in Japan are required to pay national taxes (such as income tax, sales tax, etc.) and local taxes (such as residence tax, etc.). In order for you to reside in Japan, you will need a status of residence.

How can I stay in Japan long term? ›

Longer Stays with an appropriate visa such as a work visa

If you will be staying longer than 90 days with an appropriate visa, you must register your address with your residence's municipal office and obtain a Resident Card (“Zairyu Card”) from regional immigration offices.

Can an American get a job in Japan? ›

To work in Japan as an American citizen, you will need to apply for a special working visa. If this is your first time applying for a job in Japan, contact the Japanese embassy in your country to get more information about the visas available for US citizens and start preparing your application.

Can you live in Japan without citizenship? ›

A person who already stayid in Japan and would like to extend stay for long period of time can apply for permanent resident visa. You can get permission to live in Japan with no period, without changing your nationality.

Why does Japan not allow dual citizenship? ›

The decision by the high court endorsed a district court ruling in January 2021 that deemed dual citizenship “could cause conflict in the rights and obligations between countries, as well as between the individual and the state.”

Can I live in Japan as a U.S. citizen? ›

How to move to Japan from the US- The Visas. Japan is all about working, and you would have to get a job in Japan in order to get a visa. You can do this by applying for a Japanese company, and getting a job with them. The company will start the process of visa application for you.

Is it hard for an American to move to Japan? ›

Unlike some Asian countries, relocating to Japan is not difficult as long as you are prepared. This means having all of the right documents together before you even board your flight to the island nation. What do you need for a Japanese relocation?

Can an American retire in Japan? ›

Japan is a stunning destination and highly sought after by Americans who want to retire abroad. It is very difficult to gain residency in Japan, but if you do, it can be a great place to retire. The healthcare system is one of the best in the world.

Can an American own property in Japan? ›

In Japan, unlike other countries, there are no restrictions for foreigners based on whether or not they have permanent resident status, Japanese nationality, or based on their visa type. This means that foreigners are allowed to own both land and buildings in Japan as real estate properties.

Why is it hard to get citizenship in Japan? ›

Japan is one of the difficult countries in the world for foreigners because of strict immigration policies and a low acceptance rate for foreign citizens seeking permanent residency or citizenship. Foreigners can acquire japanese citizenship by marriage or naturalization.

How can I get 5 year visa for Japan? ›

Procedures for Obtaining a Long-Term Stay Visa for Japan
  1. Visit the Japanese Embassy in Your Country. ...
  2. Contact Your Japanese Connection. ...
  3. Prepare the Documents to Apply for a Visa. ...
  4. Work Visa. ...
  5. General Visa. ...
  6. Highly Skilled Professional Visa. ...
  7. Specified Visa. ...
  8. Start-up Visa.
Jul 10, 2020

Can you live $2000 a month in Japan? ›

The average monthly cost of living in Japan is around $2000 For the Local Natives. Expats and Digital Nomads will spend more to keep up with their living standards of around $1100 to $2000 per month while Living in Japan.

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