How to see the International Space Station from your backyard (2024)

The ISS is an achievement of human engineering and one of skywatchers' only beloved satellites. Here's how you can spot it for yourself.

ByStuart Atkinson | Published: November 17, 2022

The International Space Station streaks through the starry sky above vineyards in Portugal.

Miguel Claro

Lots of things change in the night sky. Stars rise and set during the night; constellations come and go as the seasons pass; planets waltz along the ecliptic, visiting the zodiacal constellations on their nonstop sightseeing tour of the heavens; and shooting stars zip across the sky. Sometimes, a display of the fabled aurora paints the northern sky with searchlight beams of scarlet and swaying curtains of highlighter-pen green.

But all these things only happen occasionally. You can’t be guaranteed to see each of them every night.

However, there is one thing you can be guaranteed to see moving in the sky every night, no matter where you live on the planet: satellites.

A sky full of satellites

Sixty-five years after the launch of Sputnik in 1957, there are thousands of satellites orbiting Earth. And it’s no exaggeration to say that they have become an essential part of our infrastructure. Every minute of every day, satellites are taking photos of the weather, transmitting TV and radio signals, monitoring the climate, and linking people around the world. They steer our cars, guide our planes and ships, and, perhaps most important, allow us to watch cute cat videos while lazing on a beach.

In recent years, the number of satellites orbiting Earth has — if you’ll pardon the pun — skyrocketed, particularly as SpaceX has pursued its mission to fill low Earth orbit with its Starlink Wi-Fi satellites, launching some 50 at a time atop its reusable Falcon rockets. While there’s no doubt these are useful to people in remote locations, allowing them to connect to the internet for the first time in some cases, both amateur and professional astronomers are deeply concerned about their impact on the night sky and astronomical research.

But there is one satellite that, perhaps hypocritically, watchers of the night sky enjoy. Some even go out of their way to see it: the International Space Station (ISS).

Spotting the ISS

Just as people could see Sputnik in those pioneering days, we too can see the ISS in our night sky. “ISS spotting” is now a favorite pastime for many skywatchers, who look forward to seeing it sailing silently through the sky on clear nights. If you haven’t seen it yet but want to, here’s all the information you’ll need.

The ISS essentially looks like a starlike point of light that moves across the sky from west to east. However, it is not visible from every location every night. Sometimes it can be seen in the wee small hours before sunrise, sometimes as the evening sky is darkening after sunset. Unlike an airplane, the ISS doesn’t blink or flash, instead shining with a steady light.

How impressive the ISS looks during any particular pass depends on where it is in its orbit and where you are when you’re looking up at it. Sometimes its track carries it very high in the sky, even overhead, while other times it’s a lot lower, scraping the trees. The higher its altitude, the brighter the ISS will appear. At its brightest, the ISS can nearly rival Venus at its best, and is a genuinely stunning sight as it arcs across the sky, looking like a lantern that someone has thrown up into it.

If you want to know when the ISS will be crossing your sky, it’s easy to find out. There are now lots of websites that, once you’ve entered your location, generate a highly accurate table of information telling you when, where, and how bright the ISS will appear. If you have any planetarium apps on your phone or tablet, they will also tell you when the ISS will be in your sky; some can even be set to sound an alarm when it is visible. There are also dedicated apps that predict when satellites, including the ISS, will be in the sky from your location.

With the right equipment tracking at the right speed, you can even image the ISS from the ground. This particular photo was taken from the Netherlands in 2009.

Ralf Vandebergh

See for yourself

So, how do you see the ISS for the first time, tonight?

First, check one of those websites or apps to see if the ISS will be visible — you may have to wait a few days until it is. If the ISS will put in an appearance tonight, use your most reliable weather app to check the forecast — again, you might have to wait a few days!

Next, choose your observing site carefully. The more you can see of the sky, the better. During high passes, the ISS clears most trees and buildings, but a low pass might be hidden by features on your horizon, so figure out in advance where you should go to ensure you see it.

Be at your observing site a good 10 or even 15 minutes before the ISS pass is due to begin. Then, look for a “star” rising in the west at the predicted time. If you see one that’s flashing, it’s a plane. If it’s shining with a steady light, it’s the ISS. It won’t look particularly bright at first, but it will grow brighter as it gains height. Then, just follow the ISS across the sky, enjoying the sight of it cruising through the constellations, passing background stars and planets along the way.

If you have a pair of binoculars handy, definitely swing them toward the ISS. They will enhance its color and brightness a lot. But even if you don’t have any, just enjoy watching it with your naked eye. It’s still a thrilling sight.

Eventually the ISS will fade as it moves out of direct sunlight and into Earth’s shadow, effectively going into eclipse. Sometimes it fades slowly, as if on a dimmer switch, while other times it almost appears to be snuffed out like a candle. But eventually it will be gone, surrendering the night sky to the stars once more.

And that’s how you see the ISS. As the saying goes, it’s not rocket science. It’s just a matter of looking at the right time from the right place.

One last thing. As you’re watching the ISS go over, give it a wave. You never know, the crew might be looking down at you just as you’re looking up at them!

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How to see the International Space Station from your backyard (2024)

FAQs

How is it possible to see the International Space Station? ›

The ISS is only visible because it reflects sunlight. It isn't bright enough to be seen in the middle of the day and the best time to view the ISS is either at dawn or dusk. Viewing opportunities of the ISS can vary between one sighting a month to several a week, depending on your location and the orbit of the ISS.

Can you see the International Space Station from the ground? ›

The International Space Station (ISS) has been orbiting our planet since 1998. From most locations on Earth, assuming you have clear night skies, you can see ISS for yourself.

What time can I see the International Space Station tonight? ›

Tonight's Viewing

You can spot the International Space Station at 8:55 pm starting low in the southwestern sky.

Is it possible to see the ISS without a telescope? ›

Did you know that you can see the International Space Station ( ISS ) in the night sky as it passes over your area at a distance of approximately 400 km from Earth? To the naked eye, the Space Station looks like a big white dot that moves quickly across the sky without changing direction, unlike aircraft, for example.

What does the space station look like in the sky? ›

The ISS essentially looks like a starlike point of light that moves across the sky from west to east. However, it is not visible from every location every night. Sometimes it can be seen in the wee small hours before sunrise, sometimes as the evening sky is darkening after sunset.

How many miles up is the space station? ›

The International Space Station maintains an orbit approximately 250 miles (400 kilometers) above sea level, while the Hubble Space Telescope operates at an altitude of about 340 miles (550 kilometers).

How far is International Space Station from ground? ›

The space station is made of parts that were assembled in space by astronauts. It orbits Earth at an average altitude of approximately 250 miles. It travels at 17,500 mph. This means it orbits Earth every 90 minutes.

Is the space station visible every night? ›

It can only be seen when it is dawn or dusk at your location. As such, it can range from one sighting opportunity a month to several a week, since it has to be both dark where you are, and the space station has to happen to be going overhead.

Can you see the ISS with binoculars? ›

* If you have binoculars, take a look at the ISS through them. You won't see its solar panels, or modules, but its brightness and colours will be greatly enhanced.

How many people are in space right now? ›

As of June 2, 2023 there are 10 people currently living and working in space.

How many people are on the ISS? ›

The space station has been continuously occupied since November 2000. An international crew of seven people live and work while traveling at a speed of five miles per second, orbiting Earth about every 90 minutes.

Who owns the International Space Station? ›

An international partnership of space agencies provides and operates the elements of the ISS. The principals are the space agencies of the United States, Russia, Europe, Japan, and Canada.

What is the best app to track the International Space Station? ›

ISS Spotter makes it easy for you to spot the International Space Station (ISS). You can see the forecast of visible passes and set alarms to be on time to view the ISS. The built in compass and tools will allow you to spot the ISS easily.

What is the big white star in the sky tonight? ›

You're seeing a bright white “star” in the post-sunset evening sky and you're wondering what it is—and why it's there. It's not a star at all. It's Venus, the brightest object in the night sky aside from the Sun and Moon.

Are there cameras inside the ISS? ›

The International Space Station has a large number of cameras, lenses, and other photography equipment on board.

How many space stations are up in the sky? ›

Since 1971, 12 space stations launched into a low orbit around Earth have been occupied for varying lengths of time.

What does a satellite look like from Earth at night? ›

The satellite will look like a star steadily moving across the sky for a few minutes. If the lights are blinking, you probably are seeing a plane, not a satellite. Satellites do not have their own lights that make them visible.

How long does the ISS take to cross the sky? ›

FACT 1. The station travels from west to east on an orbital inclination of 51.6 degrees. Each orbit takes 90-93 minutes, depending on the exact altitude of the ISS. During that time, part of the Earth is viewed under darkness and part under daylight.

How much do astronauts get paid? ›

How much does a Nasa Astronaut make? As of Jun 5, 2023, the average annual pay for a Nasa Astronaut in the United States is $46,585 a year.

How long is 1 hour in space? ›

One hour on Earth is 0.0026 seconds in space.

Thus, upon calculation we find that one hour on Earth is equivalent to seven years in space. Einstein's theory of Special Relativity stands as a explanation to this calculation.

How long does it take to get back to Earth from space? ›

There is a de-orbit burn of about 10 minutes to return to Earth using forward bulkhead thrusters which then shut down. Astronauts close and lock the nose cone in prep for re-entry. Atmospheric re-entry begins, including a brief loss of communications (about 7 mins).

Are people in space right now? ›

THERE ARE CURRENTLY 10 PEOPLE IN SPACE.

How long does it take to fly to space? ›

It can take astronauts anywhere from 4 hours to 3 days to reach the Space Station, depending on the spacecraft used and the mission parameters.

How much does it cost to go to the International Space Station? ›

$55 million

Can you sleep in the space station? ›

The astronauts sleep in small sleeping compartments by using sleeping bags. They strap their bodies loosely so that their bodies will not float around. In the zero-gravity world, there are no "ups" or "downs". The astronauts can sleep anywhere facing any direction.

Why does the ISS suddenly disappear? ›

When visible, the ISS appears so bright because of sunlight reflected from its acre of solar panels onboard. As it moves across the sky, we see it suddenly disappear as it enters the Earth's shadow.

Why can't we see the space station? ›

Space Station is only visible when it's illuminated by sunlight. During the day, the sky is too bright to see it and as we look up late at night, ISS flies through Earth's shadow so there's no sunlight falling on the station for us to see it.

How fast is the ISS moving? ›

How fast does the ISS travel? The ISS travels at about 17,500 miles/28,000 kilometers per hour. At this speed, the ISS orbits the Earth every 90 minutes, which gives the crew 16 sunrises and sunsets every day.

Is it OK to look at the Moon with binoculars? ›

Binoculars introduce texture, especially when you look at the Moon when it's in any other phase other than full. Focus particularly along the terminator line between light and dark, where features will cast long shadows that make them clearer. Choose binoculars with a magnification of 7 at a minimum.

Can a telescope see the flag on the Moon? ›

No, it is not possible for a telescope to see the flags on the Moon. The flags are only 121 centimeters (4 ft) long and the average home telescope can only see objects larger than 1.5 kilometers (0.9 mi). Even the Hubble or the James Webb aren't big enough to reach that level of magnification.

How many bodies are left in space? ›

There are no dead bodies in space. Most of the spaceflight-related accidents have happened on land or before reaching the line that we consider space. This limit is called the Kármán line and is 100 kilometers (62 miles) above sea level.

Who lives most in space? ›

Polyakov's record for longest cumulative time in space of 678 days over two missions stood until surpassed in 1999 by cosmonaut Sergei Avdeyev with a total of 747 days in space during three different missions.

What is the longest time spent in space? ›

The late Russian cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov, who logged 437 continuous days in orbit aboard Russia's Mir space station between 1994 and 1995, still holds that title.

Who is the longest person to stay on ISS? ›

The absolute record for a single spaceflight is 437 days 17 hours 58 minutes, set by Valeriy Poliyakov (RUS) between 8 January 1994 and 22 March 1995.

How many bedrooms does the ISS have? ›

The ISS currently has seven sleeping quarters, called crew cabins, where astronauts' sleeping bags are attached to the walls. Each crew cabin is the size of a phone booth and only big enough for one person.

Does the space station stop moving? ›

The ISS moves in a circle around Earth at just the right speed. The centrifugal force pushing it away is exactly the same as the force of gravity pulling it in. This balance is called a stable orbit. And unless something happens to change it, it will continue.

Are Russians still on space station? ›

WASHINGTON — The Russian government has agreed to continue participation in the International Space Station to at least 2028, the last partner to agree to an extension of the station's operations.

How much do astronauts on the ISS get paid? ›

Pay grades for civilian astronauts are GS-11 through GS-14 with GS-11 starting at $64,724 per year and GS-14 earning up to $141,715 annually. However, the GS rates often have specific local rates that may differ from this.

What space agency does Jeff Bezos own? ›

Blue Origin
IndustryAerospace, space exploration and launch service provider
FoundedSeptember 8, 2000
FounderJeff Bezos
HeadquartersKent, Washington, United States
Number of locations10 (5 production facilities & 5 field offices)
10 more rows

Can you phone the International Space Station? ›

It has no phone number in the traditional sense, and astronauts have to leave their smartphones at home. For private calls, the space station has an internet-connected phone system that works through a computer, which astronauts can use to call any number on Earth. Phones on the ground cannot call them back, however.

How do you identify satellites in the night sky? ›

Satellite Tracker is a powerful free application that will help you observe artificial satellites, like Starlink and the ISS, crossing the night sky. It can show the exact position of any satellite above the Earth and send notifications when the satellite you're interested in will be passing over your location.

Can you see the Moon from International Space Station? ›

This distorted view of a full Moon intersecting Earth's horizon was photographed by an Expedition 14 crewmember aboard the International Space Station on Dec.

What are the two bright lights in the sky? ›

Those two lights are actually Venus and Jupiter. Venus is the brighter planet, according to earthsky.org, and is climbing higher in the west after sunset each night. While this is happening, Venus is also inching closer to Jupiter — the second-brightest planet in the solar system.

What is the big flashing star in the sky? ›

Pulsars are "fast transients," rapidly blinking on and off. Transients between these two extremes had remained elusive until now. Neutron stars including pulsars are among the universe's densest objects. They are roughly 7.5 miles (12 km) in diameter - akin to the size of a city - but with more mass than our sun.

Which planet we can see from Earth with naked eyes? ›

What Planets Are Visible By the Naked Eye? The first step to identifying planets is to know which planets are possible to see without a telescope. Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn are the five brightest planets in our night sky and, therefore, observable by most people.

Can people on the ISS shower? ›

Water supplies on the International Space Station ( ISS ) are very limited. In any event, water does not "flow" in microgravity: it is therefore impossible to take a shower, wash your hands or go to the bathroom in the same way as on Earth. Performing these tasks requires resourcefulness and ingenuity!

Are there toilets on the ISS? ›

Fortunately, there's a toilet on the space station these days. The original toilet was designed in 2000 for men and was difficult for women to use: You had to pee while standing up. To poop, astronauts used thigh straps to sit on the small toilet and to keep a tight seal between their bottoms and the toilet seat.

Can you see the ISS from Florida? ›

MIAMI (CBSMiami) -- If you have ever wondered whether you can see the International Space Station from Earth, the answer is yes, and you see it tonight speeding over South Florida. The ISS orbits at about 220 miles above the Earth and travels at an average speed of 17,227 miles per hour, according to NASA.

Who has access to the International Space Station? ›

The ISS consists of Canada, Japan, the Russian Federation, the United States, and eleven Member States of the European Space Agency (Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom).

Do people live on the International Space Station? ›

The space station has been continuously occupied since November 2000. An international crew of seven people live and work while traveling at a speed of five miles per second, orbiting Earth about every 90 minutes. Sometimes more are aboard the station during a crew handover.

Is there an ISS viewing app? ›

ISS Spotter makes it easy for you to spot the International Space Station (ISS). You can see the forecast of visible passes and set alarms to be on time to view the ISS. The built in compass and tools will allow you to spot the ISS easily.

Can you use your phone on the ISS? ›

It has no phone number in the traditional sense, and astronauts have to leave their smartphones at home. For private calls, the space station has an internet-connected phone system that works through a computer, which astronauts can use to call any number on Earth. Phones on the ground cannot call them back, however.

What city is the space station in Florida? ›

Visit Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex at Cape Canaveral.

Why do satellites shine at night? ›

Satellites shine by reflecting the sun's light. For this reason, they're usually only visible during the beginning of night and as morning approaches, when the sun's rays can still reach them high above Earth.

Why can't we see satellites at night? ›

Most satellites are actually orbiting the Earth just a few hundred kilometers above the ground. Because they so close to the Earth during the night you can't easily see them as they are shielded from the Sun's light by the Earth (ie they are in the shadow of the Earth).

Does Google Earth have a night mode? ›

To activate dark mode, you need to head to the app's settings in the hamburger menu and manually select dark in Application theme under General — the default system option doesn't actually respect your system settings yet.

Has Elon Musk gone to space? ›

“The billionaires in space is an old narrative.” Unlike Bezos and Branson, Musk has yet to travel to space himself.

What do they eat for breakfast in space? ›

Astronauts can choose from nine kinds of cereal for their breakfast. Options include Bran Chex, Oatmeal, and Rice Krispies among others. To accompany that they simply need to add a little bit of dried milk and water to the mixture for the meal to be edible. Astronauts needn't be deprived of coffee, either.

What do astronauts do all day? ›

The ISS crew spends their day working on science experiments that require their input. They also monitor experiments that are controlled from the ground. These astronauts also take part in medical experiments to determine how well their bodies are adjusting to microgravity for long periods of time.

How cold is the space? ›

Far outside our solar system and out past the distant reaches of our galaxy—in the vast nothingness of space—the distance between gas and dust particles grows, limiting their ability to transfer heat. Temperatures in these vacuous regions can plummet to about -455 degrees Fahrenheit (2.7 kelvin). Are you shivering yet?

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