How long can you go without sleep? (2024)

By Anne Marie Conlon

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How long can you go without sleep? (1)

The longest time a human being has gone without sleep is 11 days and 25 minutes. The world record was set by American 17-year-old Randy Gardner in 1963. Others including Finland’s Toimi Soini and the UK’s Maureen Weston and Tony Wright have since claimed to have beaten this time, but none of them were studied as closely as Gardner. Without close monitoring it is difficult to verify these claims.

The effects of sleep deprivation are well documented, with symptoms including irritability, taking longer to make decisions, and cognitive rigidity, in which individuals can only think about things in one fixed way. Other side effects include loss of motivation, higher blood pressure, paranoia, memory issues, mood changes, visual problems, hallucinations and difficulties with speech.

Gardner’s record was observed by William Dement, who noted that Gardner experienced many of these side-effects, including an impairment of his cognitive and sensory abilities. He didn’t consume any stimulant drugs to keep himself awake, but did have people around him to distract him from falling asleep.

When the experiment ended, Gardner had been awake for 264 hours and 25 minutes. He then had 14 hours of sleep before waking up to use the bathroom.

We have no verified examples of anyone staying awake longer than Gardner, and we still don’t know for sure how long human beings can survive without sleep.

The long term side effects of a lack of sleep can be serious. Lab rats deprived of sleep die within a month, and people with the rare hereditary disease fatal familial insomnia (ffi), who lose the ability to sleep, can meet the same fate within three months.

So will your body eventually force you to sleep if you don’t go to bed on time? Anyone attempting to stay awake for long periods of time will likely end up slipping in and out of “microsleeps” – seconds of sleep that occur without you noticing them, often with your eyes open.

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How long can you go without sleep? (2024)

FAQs

How long can you go without sleep? ›

It isn't clear how long humans can truly survive without sleep. But it is clear that extreme symptoms can begin in as little as 36 hours. This includes a reduced ability to think, poor decision-making, and speech impairment. Pulling an all-nighter once every couple of months likely won't do any long-term damage.

How long can you be OK without sleep? ›

While you might be able to go a day or more without sleep, doing so is bad for your health. After just 24 hours with no sleep, you may experience effects like anxiety, irritability, and daytime sleepiness. The symptoms worsen the longer you go without sleep. After 36 hours, hallucinations might begin.

What happens if you don't sleep for 3 days? ›

After 3 days of sleep loss, your urge to sleep will get worse. You may experience more frequent, longer microsleeps. The sleep deprivation will significantly impair your perception. Your hallucinations might become more complex.

Is getting 2 hours of sleep better than none? ›

Most of the time, some sleep is better than none. If you're choosing between two hours (or any amount of sleep) or an all-nighter, go for the sleep. You may wake up groggy, but you won't be at your best without any sleep, either.

Will your body eventually force you to sleep? ›

If you are not getting enough sleep, your body will eventually make you sleep. How long it takes you to fall asleep (sleep latency) is affected by how much your body needs to sleep.

Should I go to the ER if I haven't slept in 3 days? ›

Sleep deprivation isn't a condition that causes immediate, life-threatening problems, so it doesn't need emergency treatment. However, it can raise the risk of heart attack and stroke, both of which are emergency conditions that need immediate medical care.

Can you survive on 2 hours of sleep a night? ›

Sleeping for a couple of hours or fewer isn't ideal, but it can still provide your body with one sleep cycle. Ideally, it's a good idea to aim for at least 90 minutes of sleep so that your body has time to go through a full cycle.

Is 3 hours of sleep worse than no sleep? ›

Sleeping beyond the minimum 90-minute cycle may mean you fall deeper into your sleep cycle and will find it much harder to wake up. The best answer to this question is that some sleep is always better than none. Trying to get in a power nap or achieving that full 90-minute cycle is better for you than no sleep at all.

Does the brain eat itself from lack of sleep? ›

Lack of sleep is more dangerous than you've ever thought: According to a new research, the brain starts eating its own connections, worn-out cells and debris when it doesn't get enough sleep. This is as scary as it can get: If you don't sleep enough, you are exposing yourself to unthinkable consequences.

Can you hallucinate from lack of sleep? ›

Beginning to hallucinate is among the more common symptoms of sleep deprivation. About 80% of people will hallucinate if they've been severely sleep deprived. "Severe" means getting only a few hours of sleep over one night to going several days without sleep. 4 Most of these incidents involve visual hallucinations.

Is pulling an all-nighter okay? ›

Even if you're not worried about your performance the next day, know that an all-nighter throws your entire schedule out of whack — particularly your sleep schedule. "Skipping a night of sleep completely disrupts your circadian rhythm, which you can think of as your body's internal clock," explains Dr.

Why won't my body let me fall asleep? ›

Emotional issues such as stress, anxiety, and depression cause half of all insomnia cases. But your daytime habits, sleep routine, and physical health may also play a role. Try to identify all possible causes of your insomnia. Once you figure out the root cause, you can tailor treatment accordingly.

Why do I lay in bed and can't sleep? ›

Some common reasons you can't sleep include poor sleep environment, sleep disorders, stress, and daytime inactivity. To prepare yourself for a good night's rest, avoid alcohol and caffeine during the evening, turn off any screens that emit blue light two hours before bed, and exercise for 20–30 minutes during the day.

Is resting with eyes closed as good as sleep? ›

But is taking a quick rest - closing your eyes, putting your feet up and clearing your mind for a couple of minutes - as beneficial as getting some sleep? The concise answer is 'no'. There are numerous claims relating to the benefits of rest to mind and body. However, nothing compares to the benefit of sleep.

Is going without sleep actively harmful? ›

Without enough sleep, the body begins to accumulate sleep debt. As sleep debt grows over time, it begins to take a toll on mental and physical health. Long-term sleep deprivation can reduce quality of life and may increase the risk of health issues including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.

How bad is one night of no sleep? ›

Because sleep deprivation can cause many negative effects, even a single sleepless night could greatly affect you. Drowsiness after sleep deprivation can put you at risk for accidents, impair your physical performance, and hurt your memory, even increasing the likelihood of developing false memories.

Will I be OK if I don't sleep for 24 hours? ›

Going without sleep for 24 hours won't have a long-term effect on your health, but it does have plenty of negative short-term consequences. Dr. Drerup says that going 24 hours without sleep is comparable to having a blood alcohol content of 0.1%, which is above the legal limit throughout the United States.

Can you survive on 3 hours of sleep? ›

The bare minimum of sleep needed to live, not just thrive, is 4 hours per 24-hour period. Seven to 9 hours of sleep are needed for health, renewal, learning, and memory.

What is the longest a person has gone without sleep? ›

Meet Robert McDonald, the man who achieved a remarkable feat by staying awake for an astounding 19 days in 1986, setting a world record recognized by Guinness World Records. McDonald's endurance, staying awake for a total of 453 hours and 40 minutes, captivated the world's attention.

What is the world record for longest time without sleep? ›

In January 1964, American student Randy Gardner sits on a bed next to various household objects he will later have to identify by memory as part of a sleep deprivation experiment in San Diego, Calif. Gardner set the world record during the experiment, staying awake for over 264 hours.

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