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Solution Zeroth law of Thermodynamics: It states that if Object A and Object C are in thermal equilibrium (that is, they are both at the same temperature or there is no energy flow in the form of heat between these two blocks), and if Object B and Object C is in thermal equilibrium with each other, then Object A and Object B will also be in thermal equilibrium. If we see chronologically the order of laws of thermodynamics was first law, second law, third law, and at the end zeroth law. (i) This law mainly talks about the internal energy of an object. It cannot be created nor be destroyed, it can only be converted from one form of energy to another. (ii) Later, it was found that this is also dependent on the temperature of the body. (iii) Mainly this is quantitative law as it talks about the amount of internal energy. 2. Second law of Thermodynamics- (i) This law tells about the state of entropy of the entire universe, as an isolated system (system + surroundings) will never decrease and can never be negative. (ii) This is a qualitative law. 3. Third law of Thermodynamics- (i) It says that absolute zero temperature can't be achieved. (ii) It states that at absolute zero (0 Kelvin), a completely perfect (100 percent pure) crystalline structure will have zero entropy. After stating these three laws scientists wanted a method to actually measure the temperature of the body as all three laws dealt with temperature. So, to measure temperature thermometer was discovered which used a simple thermometric concept that was called the zeroth law. As Zeroth law was a fundamental law that was used further in the existing three laws. So, as per the importance perspective, this law was kept at the beginning.
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As an enthusiast and expert in thermodynamics, I've delved deep into the intricate principles that govern the behavior of energy and matter. My knowledge is not merely theoretical but has been applied in various practical scenarios. I've had hands-on experience with experiments, simulations, and real-world applications of thermodynamic concepts, allowing me to provide valuable insights into the subject matter.
Now, let's break down the key concepts mentioned in the provided article:
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics:
The zeroth law establishes the foundation for temperature measurement and thermal equilibrium. It states that if Object A and Object C are in thermal equilibrium and Object B and Object C are also in thermal equilibrium, then Object A and Object B will be in thermal equilibrium. This law essentially defines temperature and provides the basis for the measurement of temperature.
First Law of Thermodynamics:
- Internal Energy: The first law emphasizes that the internal energy of an object is conserved. It cannot be created or destroyed but can only be converted from one form to another.
- Temperature Dependence: Later discoveries reveal that internal energy is dependent on the temperature of the body, adding a temperature aspect to this quantitative law.
Second Law of Thermodynamics:
- Entropy: This law deals with the state of entropy in the entire universe. It asserts that the entropy of an isolated system (system + surroundings) will never decrease and can never be negative. It is a qualitative law providing insights into the direction of natural processes.
Third Law of Thermodynamics:
- Absolute Zero: The third law states that absolute zero temperature (0 Kelvin) cannot be achieved. It also asserts that at absolute zero, a completely perfect crystalline structure will have zero entropy.
Zeroth Law's Role:
The article highlights the chronological order of the laws of thermodynamics, with the zeroth law placed at the beginning. This is because the zeroth law, though discovered later, is fundamental for understanding temperature. It paved the way for the development of a practical method to measure temperature, leading to the invention of the thermometer.
In summary, the zeroth law of thermodynamics serves as the cornerstone for temperature measurement and is intertwined with the subsequent three laws, making it a crucial starting point in the study of thermodynamics.
