Why a 60/40 Portfolio Is No Longer Good Enough (2024)

For many years, a large percentage of financial planners and stockbrokers crafted portfolios for their clients that were composed of 60% equities and 40% bonds or other fixed-income offerings. And these so-called balanced portfolios did rather well throughout the 80s and 90s.

But, a series of bear markets that started in 2000 coupled with historically low-interest rates have eroded the popularity of this basic approach to investing. Some experts are now saying that a well-diversified portfolio must include more asset classes than just stocks and bonds. As we'll see below, these experts feel that a much broader approach must now be taken in order to achieve sustainable long-term growth.

Key Takeaways

  • Once a mainstay of savvy investors, the 60/40 balanced portfolio no longer appears to be keeping up with today's market environment.
  • Instead of allocating 60% broadly to stocks and 40% to bonds, many professionals now advocate for different weights and diversifying into even greater asset classes.
  • In particular, alternative investments such as hedge funds, commodities, and private equity, as well as inflation-protected assets are some new additions to the well-rounded portfolio.

Changing Markets

Bob Rice, the Chief Investment Strategist for boutique investment bank Tangent Capital, spoke at the fifth annual Investment News conference for alternative investments. There, he predicted that a 60/40 portfolio was only projected to grow by a rate of 2.2% per year into the future and that those who wished to become adequately diversified will need to explore other alternatives such as private equity, venture capital, hedge funds, timber, collectibles, and precious metals.

Rice listed several reasons why the traditional 60/40 mix that had worked in past few decades seemed to under-perform: due to high equity valuations; monetary policies that have never previously been used; increased risks in bond funds; and low prices in the commodities markets. Another factor has been the explosion of digital technology that has substantially impacted the growth and operation of industries and economies.

“You cannot invest in one future anymore; you have to invest in multiple futures,” Rice said. “The things that drove 60/40 portfolios to work are broken. The old 60/40 portfolio did the things that clients wanted, but those two asset classes alone cannot provide that anymore. It was convenient, it was easy, and it's over. We don't trust stocks and bonds completely to do the job of providing income, growth, inflation protection, and downside protection anymore.”

Rice went on to cite the endowment fund of Yale University as a prime example of how traditional stocks and bonds were no longer adequate to produce material growth with manageable risk. This fund currently has only 5% of its portfolio allocated to stocks and 6% in mainstream bonds of any kind, and the other 89% is allocated in other alternative sectors and asset classes. While the allocation of a single portfolio cannot,of course, be used to make broad-based predictions, the fact that this is the lowest allocation to stocks and bonds in the fund’s history is significant.

Rice also encouraged advisors to look at a different set of alternative offerings in lieu of bonds, such as master limited partnerships, royalties, debt instruments from emerging markets, and long/short debt and equity funds. Of course, financial advisors would need to put their small and mid-sized clients into these asset classes through mutual funds or exchange-traded funds (ETFs) to stay in compliance and manage risk effectively. But the growing number of professionally or passively-managed instruments that can provide diversification in these areas is making this approach increasingly feasible for clients of any size.

Alternative Portfolios

Alex Shahidi, JD, CIMA, CFA, CFP, CLU, ChFC– a Teaching Professor at California Lutheran University and Managing Director of Investments, Institutional Consultant with Merrill Lynch & Co. in Century City, California – published a paper for the IMCA Investment and Wealth Management magazine in 2012. In this paper, Shahidi outlined the shortcomings of the 60/40 mix and how it has not historically performed well in certain economic environments. Shahidi states that this mix is almost exactly as risky as a portfolio composed entirely of equities, using historical return data going back to 1926.

Shahidi also creates an alternative portfolio composed of roughly 30% Treasury bonds, 30% Treasury inflation-protected securities (TIPS), 20% equities and 20% commodities and shows that this portfolio would yield almost exactly the same returns over time but with far less volatility. He illustrates using tables and graphs, exactly how his “e-balanced” portfolio does well in several economic cycles where the traditional mix performs poorly. This is because TIPS and commodities tend to outperform during periods of rising inflation. And two out of the four classes in his portfolio will perform well in each of the four economic cycles of expansion, peak, contraction, and trough, which is why his portfolio can deliver competitive returns with substantially lower volatility.

The Bottom Line

The 60/40 mix of stocks and bonds have yielded superior returns in some markets but has some limitations as well. The turbulence in the markets over the past few decades has led a growing number of researchers and money managers to recommend a broader allocation of assets to achieve long-term growth with a reasonable level of risk.

Why a 60/40 Portfolio Is No Longer Good Enough (2024)

FAQs

Why a 60/40 Portfolio Is No Longer Good Enough? ›

The issue with 60/40 predates the 2022 Fed tightening and is as big a problem today as ever: 60/40 is simply not very well-balanced. It excludes critical inflation-hedge assets, such as Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities, gold and commodities.

Is 60 40 portfolio outdated? ›

Key Takeaways. Once a mainstay of savvy investors, the 60/40 balanced portfolio no longer appears to be keeping up with today's market environment. Instead of allocating 60% broadly to stocks and 40% to bonds, many professionals now advocate for different weights and diversifying into even greater asset classes.

What are the pros and cons of a 60 40 portfolio? ›

The 60/40 portfolio investing strategy — where a portfolio consists of 60% stocks and 40% bonds — is a popular one, but it's not right for everyone. It carries less risk and is less volatile than a portfolio that contains only stocks, making it a traditionally safe choice for retirement accounts.

What is the average return on a 60 40 portfolio? ›

The Stocks/Bonds 60/40 Portfolio is a High Risk portfolio and can be implemented with 2 ETFs. It's exposed for 60% on the Stock Market. In the last 30 Years, the Stocks/Bonds 60/40 Portfolio obtained a 7.93% compound annual return, with a 9.46% standard deviation.

Will the 60 40 portfolio stage a comeback in 2023? ›

Bond yields are the highest they've been in 15 years, and stocks appear less expensive than before. The odds are now in favor of the balanced portfolio. Last year was bruising for investors across the board.

What should a 50 year old portfolio look like? ›

As you reach your 50s, consider allocating 60% of your portfolio to stocks and 40% to bonds. Adjust those numbers according to your risk tolerance. If risk makes you nervous, decrease the stock percentage and increase the bond percentage.

What should a 65 year old portfolio look like? ›

At age 60–69, consider a moderate portfolio (60% stock, 35% bonds, 5% cash/cash investments); 70–79, moderately conservative (40% stock, 50% bonds, 10% cash/cash investments); 80 and above, conservative (20% stock, 50% bonds, 30% cash/cash investments).

Is a 60 40 portfolio aggressive? ›

The 60/40 portfolio is designed for moderate risk and moderate returns.

What should my portfolio look like at 55? ›

The point is that you should remain diversified in both stocks and bonds, but in an age-appropriate manner. A conservative portfolio, for example, might consist of 70% to 75% bonds, 15% to 20% stocks, and 5% to 15% in cash or cash equivalents, such as money-market funds.

Is a 70 30 portfolio risky? ›

Since, over time, stocks have the potential for both higher returns and higher risks, the 70 percent is more aggressive than a traditional 60/40 split. Over the very long-term period of 1926 to 2019, a 70/30 portfolio has an average return of 9.21 percent. For a long-term investor, that's a healthy appreciation.

Is Vanguard 60 40 dead? ›

Far from being dead, the 60/40 portfolio is poised for another strong decade.” Past performance is no guarantee of future returns. The performance of an index is not an exact representation of any particular investment, as you cannot invest directly in an index.

Why the 60 40 portfolio continues to outlast its critics? ›

Once again, they distrust 60/40 portfolios because bond yields have become too low and equity price/earnings ratios too high. Perhaps so, but as the past decade has shown, it's certainly possible that bond yields will decline further and equity valuations will continue to increase.

Who should have a 60 40 portfolio? ›

The investor who stands to benefit most from a 60/40 portfolio may be the one whose risk tolerance doesn't allow them to pursue a 100% equity allocation. “A 35-year-old investing for retirement has the ability to bear risk because she has a longer time horizon but may not have the willingness to do so,” Johnson said.

How much will the market drop in 2023? ›

Publicly traded companies continue to see a slide in revenues in the second quarter of 2023. The larger question is how long it will take for earnings to recover. FactSet Research Systems estimates that S&P 500 second-quarter earnings will decline by 6.3%, and revenue will fall by 0.4%.

Will the market bounce back in 2023? ›

Looking ahead to second-quarter reports, analysts are calling for S&P 500 earnings to fall 6.4% compared to a year ago. Fortunately, analysts are projecting S&P 500 earnings growth will rebound back into positive territory in the second half of 2023.

Will market fall further in 2023? ›

Majority of the experts think consumer sentiment will see an uptick in 2023 and the Indian stock markets performance will be stellar in key areas including banking, automobiles, real estate and company stocks with strong fundamentals.

What percentage of retirees have a million dollars? ›

In fact, statistically, around 10% of retirees have $1 million or more in savings. The majority of retirees, however, have far less saved. If you're looking to be in the minority but aren't sure how to get started on that savings goal, consider working with a financial advisor .

How much cash should a 60 year old have in their portfolio? ›

Emergency Funds for Retirees

Despite the ability to access retirement accounts, many experts recommend that retirees keep enough cash on hand to cover between six and twelve months of daily living expenses. Some even suggest keeping up to three years' worth of living expenses in cash.

Are 60 40 portfolios facing worst returns in 100 years? ›

LONDON, Oct 14 (Reuters) - Investors with classic "60/40" portfolios are facing the worst returns this year for a century, BofA Global Research said in a note on Friday, noting that bond markets continue to see huge outflows.

Should a 70 year old be in the stock market? ›

Seniors should consider investing their money for several reasons: Generate Income: Investing in income-generating assets, such as stocks, bonds, or real estate, can provide a steady income stream during retirement. This can be especially important for seniors who no longer receive a regular paycheck from work.

At what age should you stop investing in the stock market? ›

You probably want to hang it up around the age of 70, if not before. That's not only because, by that age, you are aiming to conserve what you've got more than you are aiming to make more, so you're probably moving more money into bonds, or an immediate lifetime annuity.

What is the 120 age rule? ›

The Rule of 120 (previously known as the Rule of 100) says that subtracting your age from 120 will give you an idea of the weight percentage for equities in your portfolio. The remaining percentage should be in more conservative, fixed-income products like bonds.

What is the average return on a 70 30 portfolio? ›

In the last 30 Years, the Bill Bernstein Sheltered Sam 70/30 Portfolio obtained a 7.72% compound annual return, with a 10.60% standard deviation.

What should my 401k portfolio look like at 60? ›

According to this principle, individuals should hold a percentage of stocks equal to 100 minus their age. So, for a typical 60-year-old, 40% of the portfolio should be equities. The rest would comprise high-grade bonds, government debt, and other relatively safe assets.

What is a safe withdrawal rate for 60 40 portfolio? ›

Success Rates Of Various Safe Withdrawal Rates

The 60/40 portfolio was the most successful in the study. Here are the success rates for a 60/40 portfolio: The 4% SWR — 17.4% failure rate. The 3.3% SWR — 11.1% failure rate.

Can I retire at 60 with 100k? ›

According to the 4% rule, if you retired with $100,000 in savings, you could withdraw just about $4,000 per year in retirement. It's nearly impossible for anyone to survive on $4,000 per year, but the majority of retirees will also be entitled to Social Security benefits.

How to retire at 65 with no savings? ›

How To Retire With No Savings
  1. Make Every Dollar Count — and Count Every Dollar. ...
  2. Downsize Your House — and Your Life. ...
  3. Pick Your Next Location With Savings in Mind. ...
  4. Or, Stay Where You Are and Trade Your Equity for Income. ...
  5. Get the Most Out of Healthcare Savings Programs. ...
  6. Delay Retirement — and Social Security.
Mar 17, 2023

How to retire in 10 years with no savings? ›

How to Retire In 10 Years with No Savings
  1. Make the Commitment. The first step in preparing to retire in 10 years is simply deciding that you want to do it. ...
  2. Cut Your Costs. ...
  3. Save 75% of Your Income. ...
  4. Invest Your Savings Wisely. ...
  5. Invest for Income.
Jan 25, 2023

Is 70 30 or 60 40 better for retirement? ›

In recent years, the 70/30 asset allocation has become more popular. But many investors still prefer a 60/40 portfolio based on lower risk tolerance. Essentially, this portfolio takes on more risk in exchange for higher returns.

Can you retire with a $500,000 portfolio? ›

With some planning, you can retire at 60 with $500k. Remember, however, that your lifestyle will significantly affect how long your savings will last. If you're content to live modestly and don't plan on significant life changes (like travel or starting a business), you can make your $500k last much longer.

What is the 80 20 retirement rule? ›

An 80/20 retirement plan is a type of retirement plan where you split your retirement savings/ investment in a ratio of 80 to 20 percent, with 80% accounting for low-risk investments and 20% accounting for high-growth stocks.

What happens if Vanguard collapses? ›

Vanguard is paid by the funds to provide administration and other services. If Vanguard ever did go bankrupt, the funds would not be affected and would simply hire another firm to provide these services.

Do BlackRock and Vanguard own everything? ›

BlackRock, Vanguard & State street owns the majority of stocks in Alphabet, Apple, Microsoft, IBM, Facebook, AT&T and many, than other institutional investors. Which makes them first mover advantage. BlackRock has invested $170 billion in U.S. public energy companies (2021) and $85bn investment only in coal companies.

Does Vanguard have a 60 40 ETF? ›

The fund invests roughly 60% in stocks and 40% in bonds by tracking two indexes that represent broad barometers for the U.S. equity and U.S. taxable bond markets. The fund's broad diversification is important, because one or two holdings should not have a sizeable impact on the fund.

Why are we so clueless about the stock market? ›

Few people find success in stock market investing because they do not know how to recognize good companies that are trading at reasonable prices. Basic knowledge of how to evaluate investments will help them make better choices when deciding where to put their money.

What is the average return on a 80 20 portfolio? ›

The Stocks/Bonds 80/20 Portfolio is a Very High Risk portfolio and can be implemented with 2 ETFs. It's exposed for 80% on the Stock Market. In the last 30 Years, the Stocks/Bonds 80/20 Portfolio obtained a 8.89% compound annual return, with a 12.33% standard deviation.

Is 60 40 investing back? ›

The classic 60-40 investment strategy is working again after a disastrous 2022. Americans planning for retirement have been advised for decades to diversify their holdings between stocks and bonds.

Is 35 stocks too many for a portfolio? ›

Assuming you do go down the road of picking individual stocks, you'll also want to make sure you hold enough of them so as not to concentrate too much of your wealth in any one company or industry. Usually this means holding somewhere between 20 and 30 stocks unless your portfolio is very small.

What percentage of my portfolio should be in the S&P 500? ›

But the 5% rule can be broken if the investor is not aware of the fund's holdings. For example, a mutual fund investor can easily pass the 5% rule by investing in one of the best S&P 500 Index funds, because the total number of holdings is at least 500 stocks, each representing 1% or less of the fund's portfolio.

Is 50 stocks too many in a portfolio? ›

Depending on which research you pull, you can find arguments suggesting that anywhere between 10 and 60 individual stocks will make up a well-diversified series of investments. However, for investors looking for a rule of thumb, we would suggest considering this from a budget-first perspective: Invest with funds.

Will the stock market recover in 2024? ›

One of Wall Street's most vocal bears expects the stock market to fully recover its losses and trade to record highs in 2024. "This is not the end of the world.

What happens to my IRA if the stock market crashes? ›

It's likely that you would see the overall value of your Roth IRA diminish in the event of a stock market crash. That doesn't mean that it would have no value or you'd lose all of your money, but fluctuations in the market do affect the values of the investments in IRAs.

What markets will boom in 2023? ›

Three Key Sectors in Which to Invest in 2023
  • Consumer staples. ...
  • Precious metals. ...
  • Healthcare.
Jan 12, 2023

Should you take your money out of the stock market? ›

While holding or moving to cash might feel good mentally and help avoid short-term stock market volatility, it is unlikely to be wise over the long term. Once you cash out a stock that's dropped in price, you move from a paper loss to an actual loss.

What is the economic outlook for 2023 stock market? ›

Advanced economies are expected to see an especially pronounced growth slowdown, from 2.7 percent in 2022 to 1.3 percent in 2023. In a plausible alternative scenario with further financial sector stress, global growth declines to about 2.5 percent in 2023 with advanced economy growth falling below 1 percent.

Are we in a bull or bear market 2023? ›

PUBLISHED: June 8, 2023 at 5:34 p.m. | UPDATED: June 8, 2023 at 6:09 p.m. The S&P 500 is now in what Wall Street refers to as a bull market, meaning the index has risen 20% or more from its most recent low. Here are some answers to questions about bull and bear markets: WHY IT IS CALLED A BULL MARKET?

What to expect in the US markets for 2023? ›

The growth profile will show divergence: the Euro area will likely face a mild recession into late 2022/early 2023, while the U.S. is expected to slide into recession in late 2023. In currency markets, further dollar strength is still expected in 2023, but of a lower magnitude and different composition than in 2022.

What is the S&P 500 forecast for 2023? ›

Analysts are forecasting full-year profit growth for 2023 of just 1.2%. At the same time, the S&P 500's forward 12-month price-to-earnings ratio is now at 19 compared with 17 at the end of 2022 and a long-term average of about 16, according to Refinitiv data.

What are the best stocks to invest in 2023? ›

10 of the Best Stocks to Buy for 2023
StockYTD Total Returns Through June 6
Walt Disney Co. (DIS)6.1%
PayPal Holdings Inc. (PYPL)-8.7%
EOG Resources Inc. (EOG)-10.9%
Grupo Aeroportuario del Sureste SAB de CV (ASR)26.1%
7 more rows

What is the recommended portfolio balance by age? ›

The common rule of asset allocation by age is that you should hold a percentage of stocks that is equal to 100 minus your age. So if you're 40, you should hold 60% of your portfolio in stocks. Since life expectancy is growing, changing that rule to 110 minus your age or 120 minus your age may be more appropriate.

How big should a portfolio be to retire? ›

By age 50, you would be considered on track if you have three to six times your preretirement gross income saved. And by age 60, you should have 5.5 to 11 times your salary saved in order to be considered on track for retirement.

What is the 120 rule in investing? ›

The 120-age investment rule states that a healthy investing approach means subtracting your age from 120 and using the result as the percentage of your investment dollars in stocks and other equity investments.

What percentage of American retirees have a million dollars? ›

According to the Schroders 2023 U.S. Retirement Survey, working Americans age 45 and older expect they will need about $1.1 million in savings in order to retire, but only 21% of people in that age group expect to have even $1 million. That's down slightly from the 24% in 2022 who said they expected to save that much.

How long should $500,000 last in retirement? ›

If you retire with $500k in assets, the 4% rule says that you should be able to withdraw $20,000 per year for a 30-year (or longer) retirement. So, if you retire at 60, the money should ideally last through age 90. If 4% sounds too low to you, remember that you'll take an income that increases with inflation.

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