Tax Day in space: How do astronauts pay taxes off Earth? (2024)

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At least one astronaut forgot to file until they had left for a moon mission.

Tax Day in space: How do astronauts pay taxes off Earth? (1)

Jump to:

  • Do NASA astronauts pay taxes?
  • How do NASA astronauts pay taxes from space?
  • How do international astronauts pay taxes?
  • How do tourists and private astronauts pay tax from space?
  • The Apollo 13 tax issue
  • References

Just like the rest of us, NASA astronauts pay taxes.

Astronauts are supposed to file taxes no matter where they are working, even on the International Space Station (ISS). In 1970, in fact, one astronaut on a moon mission got in a pickle when he discovered he forgot to file his taxes before leaving Earth, which we'll talk more about below.

Here we have very general guidance on how astronauts pay taxes and what happened to that astronaut in 1970, who was on a mission called Apollo 13. Remember that we are not tax experts here, so if you happen to be an astronaut (or potential astronaut) curious about how to pay taxes, please consult an accountant or similar tax professional familiar with your country.

Related: NASA gets $27.2 billion in White House's 2024 budget request

Do NASA astronauts pay taxes?

Yes, NASA astronauts pay state and federal taxes as citizens of the United States in order to provide revenue for government spending. Depending on their situations, astronauts may also pay tax on property they own, investments or other revenue instruments, too.

"Federal government spending pays for everything from Social Security and Medicare to military equipment, highway maintenance, building construction, research, and education," the U.S. Department of Treasury explains.

U.S. civilian astronauts at NASA are paid on the federal government's general schedule, between grades GS11 and GS14 depending on their experience, according to NASA.

The general schedule for 2023 suggests a NASA astronaut's base pay can range between $59,319 and $129,878. The pay scale, and taxes paid, will vary depending on where the astronaut is based and if they are working overseas (where they may receive per diems), among many other factors.

U.S. military astronauts assigned to NASA's Johnson Space Center "will remain in an active duty status for pay, benefits, leave, and other similar military matters" and will therefore be paid according to their service, according to NASA.

Related: Pioneering women in space: A gallery of astronaut firsts

Tax Day in space: How do astronauts pay taxes off Earth? (2)

How do NASA astronauts pay taxes from space?

NASA astronauts typically file taxes before they go to space, agency spokesperson Jay Bolden told Space.com in 2014. That is especially crucial given ISS missions typically last for at least six months at a time, and may be extended with short notice as missions or operations change.

Filing from space is not easy, or advisable. "While there are internet capabilities aboard the ISS, and it is 'technically feasible' it's not especially practical," Bolden told Space.com. "An action like that would require substantial forethought to preprogram laptop computer with tax software or have CD uploaded with tax software info."

Even though the ISS has slightly faster internet today, the connections are prioritized for science experiments or manufacturing and presumably can be a little tricky, given space is a remote environment. There also may be security concerns in uploading secure information from the space station.

Astronauts may be able to file for extensions from space if their stay is unexpected or lengthened, for example (which happened during Apollo 13 in 1970, which you can read about below.) Astronaut Leroy Chiao asked his sister, an accountant, to file an extension on his behalf to the IRS in 2005, according to CNN. He landed nine days after tax day and one of his first duties at home was to catch up on taxes.

"You do have to anticipate everything," Chiao said of the family or civic responsibilities astronauts may face in space while being gone for months, including voting, birthdays, anniversaries or holiday celebrations.

Related: Holidays in space: an astronaut photo album

How do international astronauts pay taxes?

Since NASA astronauts are bound by U.S. tax law, we can presume that international astronauts would also follow the laws of their own countries. Major ISS partners, for example, include Russia, the European Space Agency, Japan and Canada. Citizens of each country pay taxes to their respective national tax agency.

A select few astronauts have been dual citizens of the United States and Canada. Assuming the home agency is NASA and the astronaut is paid in the United States, they may file taxes to the IRS. But with Canadian citizenship involved, Canadian tax obligations are likely and there may be payments to the Canada Revenue Agency; do check carefully with a tax professional in these cases.

In the European Union, "theamount of tax each citizen pays is decided by their national government", according to the union's website, and Japan and Russia have their own tax systems as well.

Related: The International Space Station: Inside and out (infographic)

Tax Day in space: How do astronauts pay taxes off Earth? (4)

How do tourists and private astronauts pay tax from space?

Yes, space tourists and private, non-agency astronauts are also subject to taxes. A Canadian case study shows the importance of making sure you stay up to date with the tax authority in your home country.

In 2009, Canadian businessperson Guy Laliberté took a 12-day jaunt to the ISS to in part, film a documentary for the One Drop Foundation clear-water charity. Laliberté, who is founder of circus troupe Cirque du Soleil, paid the $41 million Canadian (roughly $41 million USD in 2009) trip through a Cirque corporation called Family Holdco. Laliberté then attempted to claim a shareholder benefit of $4 million Canadian in his tax return.

"Upon appeal, the Tax Court of Canada mainly disagreed with Laliberté's contentions that the trip should be considered a promotional activity for Cirque du Soleil and One Drop Foundation, and should not be considered an activity giving rise to a shareholder benefit," Canadian Lawyer Magazine stated. Laliberté was said to owe back taxes due to this situation.

In the United States in 2021, U.S. Rep. Earl Blumenauer (D-Oregon) attempted to introduce legislation called the Securing Protections Against Carbon Emissions (SPACE) Tax Act to impose new excise taxes onspace tourismtrips, but that legislation did not get approved.

Related: Do space tourists really understand the risk they're taking?

Tax Day in space: How do astronauts pay taxes off Earth? (5)

The Apollo 13 tax issue

Apollo 13 astronaut Jack Swigert was assigned to the famous mission on April 8, 1970 just three days before the moon mission was launched on April 11. He was supposed to be on the backup crew, but the prime crew was unwittingly exposed to German measles. The prime crew member Swigert replaced — command module pilot Ken Mattingly — had no known immunity and was deemed a flight risk for the mission.

Swigert got occupied with last-minute preparations and found himself in space with no taxes filed, and no way to easily file them before the deadline. U.S. tax day was April 15, the same day his two crewmates (commander Jim Lovell and lunar module pilot Fred Haise) were supposed to be touching down on the moon. Splashdown on Earth wouldn't be until April 21, according to the original NASA flight plan. (That flight plan was aborted due to an in-flight emergency April 13, forcing a safe return to Earth on April 17.)

On April 12, some banter between the spacecraft and Mission Control talked about Swigert's tax dilemma, which he also disclosed to Lovell shortly before the call, according to the Smithsonian's Air and Space Magazine.

Related: 50 years ago, Apollo 13's Jack Swigert flew to the moon, but forgot something big. Taxes.

Tax Day in space: How do astronauts pay taxes off Earth? (6)

"Uh-oh, have you guys completed your income tax?" came the call from Mission Control, according to a transcript of communications.

Without missing a beat, Swigert radioed, "How do I apply for an extension?" As ground controllers laughed, he added, "It ain't too funny; things kind of happened real fast down there, and I do need an extension."

Swigert, still hearing laughter from Mission Control, said he was serious and feared consequences from the IRS after he emerged from the standard quarantine NASA imposed on moon crews: "I may be spending time in another quarantine besides the one that they [NASA] are planning for me."

Capcom Joe Kerwin assured Swigert they would "see what we can do," but Lovell continued to rib his colleague: "Is it true that Jack's income tax return was going to be used to buy the ascent fuel for the LM [lunar module]?"

"Well, considering that he's a bachelor and hasn't got that [marriage] deduction to take, yes," Kerwin joked. Swigert pleaded once again that this was serious, and Kerwin promised he would have astronaut Tom Stafford investigate the matter.

Five hours later, Kerwin had relief to report: "Jack, the preliminary indications are that you can get a 60-day extension on filing your income tax if you're out of the country." (A 2014 update from CNN, however, says astronauts may not be eligible for that provision any more.)

Related: Apollo 13 timeline: The hectic days of NASA's 'successful failure' to the moon

Tax Day in space: How do astronauts pay taxes off Earth? (7)

The tax incident was immortalized in the 1995 Apollo 13 movie based upon the events of the real-life mission. In the film, the crew is participating in a fictionalized in-space television broadcast minutes before the explosion that derailed the mission. (The broadcast happened, which you can see here, but with no tax discussions.)

The Hollywood version of Swigert (played by Kevin Bacon) asks if anyone from the IRS is watching the Apollo 13 crew on television: "I forgot to file my 1040 return, and I meant to do it today," he says.

"That's no joke! They'll jump on him!" quips a mission controller in the movie, watching Swigert's face on television.

Much later in the film, Mission Control radios personal assurance to Swigert on behalf of the office of President Richard Nixon: "He's going to grant you an extension on your income taxes since you are most decidedly out of the country."

References

Apollo Lunar Surface Journal. (n.d.) Apollo 13 Transcripts. https://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a13/a13trans.html

Klesius, Mike. "240,000-mile Filing Extension." Smithsonian Air and Space Magazine. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/air-space-magazine/240000-mile-filing-extension-135438931/

NASA. (2011). Astronaut Selection and Training. https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/pdf/606877main_FS-2011-11-057-JSC-astro_trng.pdf

NASA History. (1970, April 2.) Press Kit: Project Apollo 13. https://history.nasa.gov/afj/ap13fj/pdf/a13-press-kit.pdf

The Space Archive, via NASA. (2020, March 6). Apollo 13 TV Transmission LM Tour. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U6T3M9WTTiY

U.S. Office of Personnel Management. (2023). Salary Table 2023-GS. https://www.opm.gov/policy-data-oversight/pay-leave/salaries-wages/salary-tables/pdf/2023/GS.pdf

U.S. Department of the Treasury. (2023.) How Much Has the U.S. Government Spent This Year? https://fiscaldata.treasury.gov/americas-finance-guide/federal-spending/

Yan, Sophia. (2015, Feb. 13). "Nobody Escapes U.S. Taxes — Even Astronauts." CNN Money. https://money.cnn.com/2014/12/07/pf/astronaut-taxes-irs/index.html

Elizabeth Howell is the co-author of "Why Am I Taller?" (ECW Press, 2022; with Canadian astronaut Dave Williams), a book about space medicine. Follow her on Twitter@howellspace. Follow us on Twitter@SpacedotcomorFacebook.

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Staff Writer, Spaceflight

Elizabeth Howell (she/her), Ph.D., is a staff writer in the spaceflight channel since 2022 covering diversity, education and gaming as well. She was contributing writer for Space.com for 10 years before joining full-time, freelancing since 2012. Elizabeth's reporting includes multiple exclusives with the White House and Office of the Vice-President of the United States, an exclusive conversation with aspiring space tourist (and NSYNC bassist) Lance Bass, speaking several times with the International Space Station, witnessing five human spaceflight launches on two continents, working inside a spacesuit, and participating in a simulated Mars mission. Her latest book, "Why Am I Taller?", is co-written with astronaut Dave Williams. Elizabeth holds a Ph.D. and M.Sc. in Space Studies from the University of North Dakota, a Bachelor of Journalism from Canada's Carleton University and a Bachelor of History from Canada's Athabasca University. Elizabeth is also a post-secondary instructor in communications and science since 2015. Elizabeth first got interested in space after watching the movie Apollo 13 in 1996, and still wants to be an astronaut someday. Mastodon: https://qoto.org/@howellspace

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Tax Day in space: How do astronauts pay taxes off Earth? (2024)

FAQs

Tax Day in space: How do astronauts pay taxes off Earth? ›

Yes, NASA astronauts pay state and federal taxes as citizens of the United States in order to provide revenue for government spending. Depending on their situations, astronauts may also pay tax on property they own, investments or other revenue instruments, too.

How much free time do astronauts get in space? ›

Relaxing on the ISS

An astronaut's schedule on the ISS consists of 8.5 hours for sleep. 6.5 hours for scheduled work tasks, 2.5 hours scheduled for required exercise, and 1 hour scheduled for lunch. A week consists of five and a half days scheduled for working nominal tasks with 1.5 days off.

How much money do you get in space? ›

Civilian. The pay grades for civilian astronaut candidates are set by federal government pay scales and vary based on academic achievements and experience. According to NASA , civilian astronaut salaries range from $104,898 to $161,141 per year.

What happens to astronauts when they land on Earth? ›

The human body is designed to work in Earth's gravity, which means that when astronauts return to Earth, their bodies have to readjust to the planet's gravitational force. Astronauts may experience a reduced sense of balance, mobility, and coordination after landing on earth.

What do astronauts on the space station spend much of their free time doing? ›

They can spend their leisure time in the same way that they would on Earth by reading their favorite books, listening to music, etc.. Also, since the Earth and stars that they're able to see from the Space Shuttle's windows are so beautiful, the astronauts will spend their time by enjoying the view and taking pictures.

How much is 1 hour in space on Earth? ›

Seven years on Earth is equal to one hour in space.

The clocks in space tick more slowly than clocks on Earth., HENCE COVERING LESS TIME AS COMPARED TO EARTH IN THE SAME DURATION. One hour on Earth is 0.0026 seconds in space. Thus, upon calculation we find that one hour on Earth is equivalent to seven years in space.

How much do astronauts get paid per hour in space? ›

How much does a Nasa Astronaut make? As of Jun 5, 2023, the average annual pay for a Nasa Astronaut in the United States is $46,585 a year. Just in case you need a simple salary calculator, that works out to be approximately $22.40 an hour. This is the equivalent of $895/week or $3,882/month.

Do astronauts pay taxes in space? ›

Yes, NASA astronauts pay state and federal taxes as citizens of the United States in order to provide revenue for government spending. Depending on their situations, astronauts may also pay tax on property they own, investments or other revenue instruments, too.

How much civilians paid to go to space? ›

Arriving at the space station Saturday will be an American, Canadian and Israeli who run investment, real estate and other companies. They're paying $55 million apiece for the rocket ride and accommodations, all meals included.

How much does it cost to go to space for 12 minutes? ›

The flight is scheduled for July 20 and the winner with join Blue Origin founder Jeff Bezos and his brother Mark. Here's what $28 million gets you: Training begins a few days before the flight with the goal of getting familiar with the space capsule. The flight lasts 10 to 12 minutes.

What happens if an astronaut gets lost in space? ›

The body would be immediately exposed to the zero pressure of a vacuum, a complete lack of atmosphere, as well as the intense temperatures of open space. At these lower pressures, liquid begins to boil at much lower temperatures than are needed on Earth—including the liquids in your body.

How cold is the space? ›

Far outside our solar system and out past the distant reaches of our galaxy—in the vast nothingness of space—the distance between gas and dust particles grows, limiting their ability to transfer heat. Temperatures in these vacuous regions can plummet to about -455 degrees Fahrenheit (2.7 kelvin). Are you shivering yet?

What happens to human body in space without suit? ›

You would still die of course, but it would be by asphyxiation. Your blood holds enough oxygen for about 15 seconds of brain activity. After that you'd black out, with complete brain death following within three minutes.

Do astronauts get free housing? ›

Astronauts also receive a number of perks and benefits, including free housing at NASA's headquarters in Houston and a comprehensive health insurance plan. In addition, they are given a stipend to cover the cost of meals and other expenses while on a mission.

What time do astronauts go to sleep? ›

Generally, astronauts are scheduled for eight hours of sleep at the end of each mission day. Like on Earth, though, they may wake up in the middle of their sleep period to use the toilet, or stay up late and look out the window.

Do astronauts wear diapers on the space station? ›

The Maximum Absorbency Garment (MAG) is the astronaut diaper. Astronauts wear a MAG during launch, landing, and spacewalks – whenever they can't remove their spacesuits for long stretches of time. Like any diaper, the MAG absorbs liquid and pulls it away from the skin.

Is 1 hour in space 7 years on Earth? ›

The time dilation on that planet—one hour equals 7 Earth years—seems extreme. To get that, you'd apparently need to be at the event horizon of a black hole. Yes. You can calculate where you must be to have that level of time dilation, and it's extreme.

Do we age slower in space? ›

Time can appear to move faster or slower to us relative to others in a different part of space-time. That means astronauts on the International Space Station get to age just a tiny bit slower than people on Earth.

How long is 1 minute in a black hole? ›

on edge of Black Hole. Space and time are intertwined, called space-time, and gravity has the ability to stretch space-time. Objects with a large mass will be able to stretch space-time to the point where our perception of it changes, known as time dilation.

Do astronauts get paid monthly? ›

As of Jun 5, 2023, the average monthly pay for a Nasa Astronaut in the United States is $3,882 a month.

Who paid a lot of money to go to space? ›

Listen to this article

Jeff Bezos just had his “best day ever” after traveling 60 miles above Earth's surface in a spaceship designed by his company Blue Origin, according to the Guardian. For roughly four minutes of weightlessness in suborbital space, the richest man alive spent around $5.5 billion.

What is the highest paying astronaut job? ›

The highest-paid astronauts earn a salary of $117,810, but the experience of working for NASA can be priceless. As NASA writes on its official benefits page, “Your NASA job is the greatest benefit of all.

Do astronauts families get paid? ›

Parents, spouses and children all received compensation, he said. Astronauts with doctoral degrees also received slightly more than those with master's degrees. “It wasn't a lot of money. A few million [dollars] isn't much,” he said.

Do astronauts get paid overtime in space? ›

They could be the first humans to travel to Mars, but their salaries aren't out of this world. And they don't get overtime when they're in space.

What percent of taxes go to space? ›

Annual budget

It represents 0.48% of the $4.7 trillion the United States plans to spend in the fiscal year. Since its inception the United States has spent nearly US$650 billion (in nominal dollars) on NASA.

How much do SpaceX astronauts get paid to go to space? ›

Total Pay Estimate & Range

The estimated base pay is $110,120 per year. The estimated additional pay is $30,122 per year. Additional pay could include bonus, stock, commission, profit sharing or tips.

How much did the billionaire pay to go to space? ›

Last year, Maezawa, 47, and his producer Yozo Hirano became the first self-paying tourists to visit the space station since 2009. He has not disclosed the cost for that mission, though reports said he paid $80 million. Maezawa made his fortune in retail fashion, launching Japan's largest online fashion mall, Zozotown.

How much is a ticket to space worth? ›

Virgin Galactic sells a 90-minute ride to suborbital space for $450,000 per seat. Space Perspective charges $125,000 per person on a six-hour journey to the stratosphere in a balloon-borne pressurized capsule.

How much is 1 minute in space on Earth? ›

How far do you think light travels in a minute? To figure this out, multiply the distance that light travels in a second by 60 because there are 60 seconds in a minute. So light can travel 18,000,000 kilometers in one minute!

How much is a ticket to the moon? ›

Tickets to travel on a Russian Soyuz spacecraft to the moon will cost $200 million for a solo trip, or $100 million per ticket for a two-person flight. Space Adventures has identified approximately 1,000 people with the financial capablity to afford the flight.

What is the cheapest price to go to space? ›

$450,000 will buy you a trip to space with Virgin Galactic and sales open today, February 16, 2022. Those whose lifetime dream is to go into space can now purchase an initial spaceflight reservation and secure membership in the unique community of Future Astronauts, a major step in commercialization of space travel.

How long can a human survive in space without a suit? ›

Since it takes a bit of time for these things to kill you, it's possible to make it through a very quick stint in outer space. At most, an astronaut without a suit would last about 15 seconds before losing conciousness from lack of oxygen. (That's how long it would take the body to use up the oxygen left in the blood.)

Has anyone gone to space and not returned? ›

On 1 February 2003, Columbia was returning to Earth after a 16-day scientific research mission. They never made it back.

Could you survive in space without a suit? ›

An astronaut floating without a suit in space wouldn't survive, but their demise would happen within minutes, not within seconds, and it would be a gnarly exit, with boiling bodily fluids and a nearly frozen nose and mouth.

How fast would a human freeze in space? ›

It's also very cold in space. You'll eventually freeze solid. Depending on where you are in space, this will take 12-26 hours, but if you're close to a star, you'll be burnt to a crisp instead. Either way, your body will remain that way for a long time.

Is it ever hot in space? ›

Some parts of space are hot! Gas between stars, as well as the solar wind, both seem to be what we call "empty space," yet they can be more than a thousand degrees, even millions of degrees. However, there's also what's known as the cosmic background temperature, which is minus 455 degrees Fahrenheit.

Is there any sound in space? ›

No, you cannot hear any sounds in near-empty regions of space. Sound travels through the vibration of atoms and molecules in a medium (such as air or water). In space, where there is no air, sound has no way to travel.

What does space smell of? ›

We can't smell space directly, because our noses don't work in a vacuum. But astronauts aboard the ISS have reported that they notice a metallic aroma – like the smell of welding fumes – on the surface of their spacesuits once the airlock has re-pressurised.

Does water freeze in space? ›

Key Takeaways: Would Water Boil or Freeze in Space? Water immediately boils in space or any vacuum. Space does not have a temperature because temperature is a measure of molecule movement.

Why does blood boil in space? ›

First, the good news: Your blood won't boil. On Earth, liquids boil at a lower temperature when there's less atmospheric pressure; outer space is a vacuum, with no pressure at all; hence the blood boiling idea.

Do astronauts get a pension? ›

Like all civil servants, astronauts hired after Jan. 1, 1984 participate in the Federal Employees Retirement System (FERS), a three-tiered retirement plan including Social Security, a pension plan and an optional Thrift Savings Plan. Military astronauts are detailed to NASA for a specified tour of duty.

Do astronauts get life insurance? ›

The ability of astronauts to obtain much life insurance was limited, so they signed hundreds of postal covers before they left, on the presumption that they would become highly valuable in the event of their death.

What perks do astronauts get? ›

Benefits
  • Free or subsidized parking and transit assistance.
  • Membership in various Federal Credit unions.
  • Scholarship programs for NASA dependents.

Do astronauts shower in space? ›

The astronauts wipe their body clean by using a wet towel, and wash their hair by using waterless shampoo. Since water does not flow in a zero-gravity environment, the astronauts cannot wash their hands under a faucet as you do on Earth. So, there are no sinks or showers inside the space shuttle.

How many vacation days do astronauts get? ›

NASA's PTO and Vacation policy typically gives 0-10 days off a year with 67% of employees expected to be work free while out of office. Paid Time Off is NASA's most important benefit besides Healthcare when ranked by employees, with 50% of employees saying it is the most important benefit.

What food do they eat in space? ›

History of Space Food

The Apollo Program continued to use freeze-dried food and powdered beverages, but with the luxury of hot water if desired. These meals, similar to “Meals, Ready to Eat” (MREs) used by United States armed forces, are still used today, but with improved taste, texture, and options.

Do astronauts wear catheters? ›

Not anymore. Since the '80s, NASA has been outfitting its men and women with what are essentially high-tech diapers. During 1983's Challenger mission, astronauts wore Disposable Absorption Containment Trunks, or DACTs.

Do astronauts wear socks in space? ›

Astronauts working aboard the Space Shuttle and International Space Station often wear slipper socks like these. Shoes are not necessary in weightlessness, but crewmembers enjoy the comfort and warmth of soft footwear. Many astronauts simply wear socks as they float around inside the spacecraft.

Do female astronauts wear bras in space? ›

According to NASA astronaut with over 30 years of experience, female astronauts generally wear bras in space, not for support, but for comfort and modesty. Cameras are placed all over the space station, and the bras can help protect their privacy from male astronauts.

Do astronauts get weekends off? ›

Just like us mere Earthlings, they work regular hours, with plenty of free time to unwind. They even get weekends off—barring any cause for alarm on the International Space Statoin (ISS) that requires immediate attention, like dodging space debris.

Do astronauts sleep for months in space? ›

Some astronauts snore in space, as well. Crews on the ISS average around six hours of sleep per day. NASA schedules their astronauts with eight to 8.5 hours of sleep. Astronauts frequently suffer from the effects of sleep deprivation and circadian rhythm disruption.

How long is a day in space for astronauts? ›

The ISS orbits the earth at speeds of approximately 17,000 miles per hour, which is considerably faster than the earth rotates on its axis. Therefore the solar day on the ISS is considerably shorter than the earth day at just over 90 minutes in duration.

Do astronauts still wear diapers? ›

The Maximum Absorbency Garment (MAG) is the astronaut diaper. Astronauts wear a MAG during launch, landing, and spacewalks – whenever they can't remove their spacesuits for long stretches of time. Like any diaper, the MAG absorbs liquid and pulls it away from the skin.

Can astronauts listen to music in space? ›

Sound waves need to travel through air to produce a sound. As there is air on a spacecraft, musical instruments should still work. However, it might not work if you try to play outside of a shuttle or space station.

How do astronauts go to the bathroom? ›

The bathroom is full of handholds and footholds so that astronauts don't drift off in the middle of their business. To pee, they can sit or stand and then hold the funnel and hose tightly against their skin so that nothing leaks out. To poop, astronauts lift the toilet lid and sit on the seat — just like here on Earth.

What is the longest time an astronaut has stayed in space? ›

Records in space

The late Russian cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov, who logged 437 continuous days in orbit aboard Russia's Mir space station between 1994 and 1995, still holds that title.

What do astronauts eat for breakfast? ›

Astronauts can choose from nine kinds of cereal for their breakfast. Options include Bran Chex, Oatmeal, and Rice Krispies among others. To accompany that they simply need to add a little bit of dried milk and water to the mixture for the meal to be edible. Astronauts needn't be deprived of coffee, either.

What happens if astronauts don't exercise in space? ›

That means that without exercise, the astronauts' bones would be more fragile and their muscles weaker after time spent in space. If astronauts didn't exercise while they were in space, their bodies would experience major loss in: muscle mass. bone density.

What is the age limit for astronaut? ›

There are no age restrictions for the program. Astronaut candidates selected in the past have ranged between the ages of 26 and 46, with the average age being 34. Is the online assessment a new part of the application process?

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