Angel Investors: Who They Are, Pros and Cons - NerdWallet (2024)

One potential source of funds for new businesses is angel investors: private, wealthy investors who will finance your business in exchange for an ownership stake.

Here’s an overview of angel investors, some pros and cons of this kind of small-business financing, how to determine whether it’s right for your startup and how to bring potential angel investors on board.

What is an angel investor?

Angel investors are typically high net worth people who fund startups or early-stage businesses. Many are accredited investors with a minimum net worth of $1 million or at least $200,000 in annual income. Angel investments can be thousands to millions of dollars, depending on business size and ownership sold.

Who can be an angel investor?

Angel investors are often accredited investors, which is a designation that requires a minimum net worth of $1 million, at least $200,000 in annual individual income or at least $300,000 in annual joint income (see the Securities and Exchange Commission website for details). People who hold a Series 7 license (a broker license), a Series 65 license (an investment advisor license) or a Series 82 license (a private securities offerings license) may also qualify.

Angel investors can be friends, family, members of your professional or social networks, individual angel investors or a team of investors. Angel investors often form “angel groups,” in which they evaluate businesses and invest together, pooling resources to make larger investments.

What do angel investors want in return?

Angel investors typically want ownership in the company they invest in. An angel investor usually provides capital in exchange for equity (stock in the company) or convertible debt, which is a loan that can be converted to equity at a later date.

For example, a company that's valued at $1 million might sell 20% of its equity, worth $200,000, to an angel investor or an angel group.

Generally, angel investors are interested in high-growth, high-potential startups that can earn them several times their original investment. In other words, the potential rewards need to be substantial enough to outweigh the numerous risks of investing in a startup.

Pros and cons of angel investors

Advantages of angel investors

  • Expertise. Angel investors often have industry expertise. They may be entrepreneurs who started a business in your field and can provide advice and coaching to help you succeed.

  • Connections. Angel investors may have a lot of industry connections. They may be able to introduce you to new customers, financing sources, business partners and other relevant contacts.

  • Support. Because they’re owners, angel investors typically make money only if the business is successful. This position should motivate them to help add as much value as possible.

  • Deep pockets. If your small business needs financing later, angel investors might make follow-up investments.

  • Alternatives. Angel investors might invest even if a business can’t get financing from a bank or a financial institution.

Disadvantages of angel investors

  • Potential rejection. Even if you think your company offers outstanding growth potential or a game-changing product, angel investors still might reject your pitch. After all, investing in a startup is risky.

  • Shared control. Some angel investors might demand a large ownership position, and you may end up selling more of the company than you had planned.

  • Possibly unhelpful. Do due diligence on an angel investor to ensure their interests are aligned with yours. Ask for references and, if possible, talk with other startups that raised money from this investor. You may prefer an angel investor who will be a business partner, help your company grow and contribute to its success, instead of one who's just looking for a return on their investment.

  • Time and effort. You’ll likely need to prepare a lot of paperwork, such as income statements and projections, balance sheets, cash flow statements and bank statements, so be ready for a potentially lengthy, time-consuming process.

Should you get an angel investor?

Startups and early-stage businesses that can be scaled for growth are generally the most attractive angel investments. This means your business should be able to increase its sales very quickly over the next few years without a huge increase in fixed costs and expenses.

If you’re willing to give up ownership and potentially control of your company — and think you’d benefit from bringing an experienced investor on board — then angel investors could be a smart move.

How to find an angel investor

You can find potential angel investors in places like these:

  • The Angel Capital Association, which is the official industry alliance of over 100 of the largest angel investor groups in the United States.

  • AngelList, which helps match founders with investors.

  • Gust, which evaluates various funding sources for startups.

  • MicroVentures, an investment bank offering private market investments.

  • The Angel Resource Institute, a nonprofit that provides education and information on the best practices in the field of angel investing.

  • FundingPost brings entrepreneurs together with angel investors through its roundtable events.

Angel Investors: Who They Are, Pros and Cons - NerdWallet (2024)

FAQs

Angel Investors: Who They Are, Pros and Cons - NerdWallet? ›

Angel investors are wealthy private investors focused on financing small business ventures in exchange for equity. Unlike a venture capital firm that uses an investment fund, angels use their own net worth.

Who are angel investors select the correct answer? ›

Angel investors are wealthy private investors focused on financing small business ventures in exchange for equity. Unlike a venture capital firm that uses an investment fund, angels use their own net worth.

Is it a good idea to be an angel investor? ›

If you're in the early stages of a startup business, seeking funding from an angel investor can be a great way to obtain financing without taking on debt. Working with angel investors also gives you access to their knowledge and mentorship, which can be critical in the early years of business.

What are the disadvantages of having an angel investor? ›

Disadvantages of angel investors

This may put the business and its promoters under extra pressure. Prior to accepting funding, it is important to determine whether the business can grow at the rate an investor would expect and establish growth expectations. The other drawback is a loss of control in the business.

What are the three risks that angel investors are focused on? ›

The list of high level risks is long and includes financing risk, technical risk, and market risk.

What are the benefits of being an angel investor? ›

Pros
  • Angel investors may take larger risks. Unlike traditional debt financers, angel investors aren't beholden to banks or other institutions. ...
  • Your company can take less risk. Often, angel investors don't require repayment if your company fails. ...
  • Angel investors are knowledgeable.
May 25, 2023

Do angel investors make decisions? ›

They create detailed forecasts and run a discounted cash flow analysis. And in the end, they decide yes or no.

Where do angel investors get their money? ›

How does an angel investor get paid? An angel investor typically gets paid through a return on their investment, either when the company they invested in goes public or is acquired. This return can be structured in the form of a one-time payout, or through a series of payments over time.

What do angel investors want in return? ›

What do angel investors want in return? Angel investors typically want ownership in the company they invest in. An angel investor usually provides capital in exchange for equity (stock in the company) or convertible debt, which is a loan that can be converted to equity at a later date.

Why not to use angel investors? ›

Cons of angel investment

Loss of control and ownership: the most obvious disadvantage of raising financing through angel investment, is the loss of ownership and control of the company as founders may find themselves giving away between 10% and 50% of the shares in their company.

What is the average ROI for angel investors? ›

What is the average ROI for angel investors? The average ROI for angel investors is 27% within 5 to 7 years. However, it is important to keep in mind that angel investing is a high-risk, high-reward venture. While some angel investors may see returns of 10x or more, others may end up losing all of their investment.

What is a risk of working with an angel investor? ›

What is a risk of working with an angel investor? They might be more personally involved in the business than the entrepreneur wants. They might not care about the business or their return. They might not give the money they agreed to. They might steal the business idea.

What is the failure rate of angel investors? ›

50%-70% of individual angel investments result in a loss of some capital, according to the most authoritative academic data; the same is true for VC deals.

What are the biggest challenges for angel investors? ›

One of the biggest challenges small businesses face when seeking angel investment is that they often lack a proven track record of success. Angel investors typically want to see that a company has a history of profitability and growth before they will consider investing in it.

Do angel investors get paid back? ›

Angels get their payback through an exit that lets them liquidate their stake and potentially make a profit that's based on the percentage of the business they own. Generally, investors will pre-plan the details of the exit when negotiating the term sheet before they invest in the startup.

What are the dangers of business angels? ›

Disadvantages of business angel financing

takes longer to find a suitable angel investor. giving up a share of your business. less structural support available from a BA than from an investing company.

How much equity should an angel investor get? ›

The amount of equity that angels receive in return for their investment varies widely. It's typically between around 10% and 25% but may be as much as 40% or more. Since angels invest in return for a stake in the business, you won't need to make loan repayments to a bank or other financial institution.

How much should an angel investor take? ›

Angels typically seek stakes of at least 20% in the startups they fund. Some backers ask for as much as 50%, especially in the very early going. Although angel investors are usually individuals, the funds they invest can come from a business entity, a trust, or an investment fund, among other sources.

How do angel investors get their money back? ›

Due to the high-risk nature of startup investments, angel investors often get a return by seeking equity or other compensation structures to ensure a successful exit and a positive return on their investment once the company succeeds.

Are Shark Tank angel investors? ›

For nearly 15 years, the business reality television show Shark Tank has introduced the angel investment process to general audiences by spotlighting entrepreneurs as they pitch their products or services to investors.

What types of business do most angel investors focus on? ›

Angel investors only invest in early-stage companies.

Angel investors specialize in early-stage businesses, funding late-stage technical development and early market entry. An angel investor's funds can make all the difference in getting a company up and running.

How do angel investors exit? ›

What do I mean by “Exits”? Simply put, it's the sale of the company you invested in to some other entity, be it a public company, private company, private equity firm or directly to new investors through an IPO. You don't just sell your shares in a liquid market, you need to find a buyer to take the entire company.

How old is the average angel investor? ›

In the survey, 5.7 percent were Asian, 1.3 percent black, and 2.3 percent Hispanic. The mean age of an angel making a first investment is 48.

What percentage do angel investors take? ›

What percentage do angel investors take? The percentage of ownership that angel investors typically take in a company can vary, but typically it is between 10-20%.

Do most angel investors lose money? ›

The biggest risk in angel investing is the risk of loss. Unlike other investments, such as stocks and bonds, there is no guarantee that you will get your money back if the company you invest in fails. In fact, most startups fail, and many angels lose their entire investment.

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