3 Ways to Acquire Abandoned Property - wikiHow (2024)

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1Acquiring Abandoned Real Estate

2Acquiring Abandoned Personal Property

3Acquiring Abandoned Vehicles

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Written byJennifer Mueller, JD

Last Updated: October 22, 2022ReferencesApproved

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You probably are familiar with the saying "Finders, keepers; losers, weepers." Beyond a playground taunt, historically that also was a fair statement of abandoned property law: If you found abandoned property, you could claim it as your own.[1] However, the law today is a bit more complicated, as many states have enacted legislation that alters the treatment of lost or abandoned property – particularly property such as real estate or motor vehicles in which the record owner can reasonably be discovered.

Method 1

Method 1 of 3:

Acquiring Abandoned Real Estate

  1. 1

    Make sure it's actually abandoned. Just because a house is vacant or appears run-down doesn't necessarily mean it's abandoned.

    • The problem with taking control of an abandoned piece of real estate is that somebody does technically own it, even if they don't live in it or take care of it.[2]
    • Generally speaking, real estate can never be abandoned, because there will always be the name of an owner recorded on the deed for the property.[3] But that doesn't mean that whoever owns it still wants to own it. In many cases, the owner decided selling the property was more hassle than it was worth.
  2. 2

    Find out who owns the property. The easiest way to find out who owns the property is to check your county's property tax records.

    • You can talk to neighbors or take other steps to find out who owns the property, but property tax records are the easiest way. If real estate exists, someone is paying taxes on it – or owes taxes on it – and the county tax assessor will have that person's name and contact information.
    • Keep in mind it's possible that the address the tax assessor has for the owner is the same as the address of the property you believe is abandoned.
    • Another way to find the property owner is to look up the deed for the property in the county recorder's office. If any liens such as mortgages are recorded on the deed, try contacting the bank or mortgage company instead of the individual listed as property owner.

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  3. 3

    Contact the record owner. Once you have a name and address of the owner of the property, attempt to get in touch with them regarding the status of the property.

    • This may require a little detective work on your part. For example, if the only address you can find for the owner is the street address for the property you believe to be abandoned, try sending a post card anyway. The property owner may be having his mail forwarded to a different address, so you can still reach him that way.
    • If the property owner is actually a bank or mortgage company, you might have better luck tracking them down – especially if you make it clear you want to pay them money.[4]
  4. 4

    Make the owner an offer. If you are able to make contact with the owner, offer to take the property off their hands.

    • If the owner owes back taxes, you may be able to acquire the property simply by offering to pay the back taxes.
    • However, this amount may be more substantial if the owner owed additional money on the house when he abandoned it. Make sure you conduct thorough research on the house's title to ensure you're taking title free and clear of any debts aside from those you're willing to pay.
    • A bank that owns property due to a foreclosure probably wants to get back as much as it can. Decide how much you can afford to spend on the property, accounting for any repairs that might need to be made, and make an offer.[5]
  5. 5

    Attempt adverse possession. If you cannot contact the owner, you can stake a claim on the property and see if you can keep it.

    • If you openly "squat" on the property for a number of years – typically anywhere from five to 25 years or more – and the owner of record never tries to stop you, the title for the property might revert to you.
    • In any case, this is a risky move considering the rightful owner could return at any moment and have you arrested for trespassing.[6][7]
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Method 2

Method 2 of 3:

Acquiring Abandoned Personal Property

  1. 1

    Make sure it's actually abandoned. Just because someone leaves something somewhere doesn't mean they've intended to rid themselves of it.

    • However, if someone intentionally abandons most kinds of personal property, they lose ownership of it. This must be a deliberate act.
    • In many states, a previous owner may come back and reclaim even intentionally abandoned property within a certain period of time.[8]
    • In the case of intangible property such as intellectual property, generally a period of time must pass during which the registered owner does nothing to control the property or limit access to it before it's considered abandoned.
  2. 2

    Determine if anyone else has a better claim to the property. Typically the owner of the building or land where the property is left has a claim to the property that beats everyone but the true owner, even if you found it.

    • For example, if you find a wallet on a street, you may be entitled to keep it. If, however, you find that wallet in a coffee shop, the owner of the coffee shop may have a better claim to the wallet than you do. However, the original owner of the wallet always has the superior claim, and provided the wallet included some sort of ID, you could track down the original owner fairly easily.[9]
  3. 3

    Hold the property in trust, if necessary. In some circ*mstances, you may be required by law to store the property for a period of time before you can claim it as your own.

    • For example, if tenants leave personal property behind after an eviction, landlords typically are required to store the property for a period of time and notify the former tenants that the property is being kept. If the former tenants return to reclaim their property, the landlord can charge them reasonable storage fees.[10]
    • The amount of time property must be held varies among states, but typically is less than a month. After that period passes, the landlord is free to sell the property, throw it away, or keep it for himself.
  4. 4

    Take the property as your own. If the true owner never reclaims the property, you are free to take it.

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Method 3

Method 3 of 3:

Acquiring Abandoned Vehicles

  1. 1

    Check state or local law regarding abandoned vehicles. All states have laws regarding abandoned vehicles, but your city or county may have a stricter or more specific ordinance.[11]

  2. 2

    Make sure the vehicle is actually abandoned. Just because a car is broken down doesn't necessarily mean its owner intended never to claim it again.

    • However, if a car is stripped or burned, or if it's missing significant parts, it's a pretty safe bet that it's been abandoned.[12]
  3. 3

    Contact local law enforcement. In most states, if you find an abandoned vehicle you must call local law enforcement and report it – even if you find it on your own property.

    • Make sure you call the police or sheriff's department's non-emergency number – not 911 – to report an abandoned vehicle.[13]
    • Be prepared to give the officer who handles your call the exact location of the vehicle, as well as the make, model, and any other information you can give her about the appearance or condition of the vehicle so she can find it.[14]
    • In most states an abandoned vehicle or water vessel becomes state property. For example, in Michigan, you can't claim an abandoned vehicle on your private property, but you may have the opportunity to bid on it at public auction if it remains unclaimed.[15]
    • In many states, abandoning a vehicle may constitute a civil infraction[16] or even a criminal misdemeanor, depending on where the vehicle is abandoned and in what condition.
  4. 4

    Contact the owner. If you have the owner's contact information and you want the car yourself, you may be able to work out something with the owner before his time to reclaim his vehicle runs out.

    • In some areas, police place a warning sticker on the vehicle instructing the record owner that it will be towed and auctioned if not moved within 24 hours. If the owner moves the car, the period of time starts over.[17]
    • If you find a car that already has an abandoned vehicle sticker or tag on it, you may be able to contact the owner and take the car yourself.
    • Even with the owner's consent, you typically will be on the hook for title, registration, and towing fees, as well as whatever repairs are necessary to get the vehicle back in working order.
  5. 5

    Bid on the vehicle at auction. If the county or state took ownership of the vehicle, it will either be scrapped or sold at auction.

    • If the vehicle is sold at auction, you have the ability to bid for it there.
    • Some states require a vehicle be sold for scrap if it is in significant disrepair or more than a certain number of years old. Vehicles that are sold for scrap typically can't be re-titled.[18][19]
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      More References (10)

      1. http://www.legalmatch.com/law-library/article/abandoned-personal-property.html
      2. http://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/dealing-with-abandoned-vehicles-your-neighborhood.html
      3. http://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/dealing-with-abandoned-vehicles-your-neighborhood.html
      4. http://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/dealing-with-abandoned-vehicles-your-neighborhood.html
      5. http://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/dealing-with-abandoned-vehicles-your-neighborhood.html
      6. http://www.mi.gov/sos/0,1607,7-127-48268-130794--F,00.html
      7. http://www.mi.gov/sos/0,4670,7-127-47331_71082---F,00.html
      8. http://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/dealing-with-abandoned-vehicles-your-neighborhood.html
      9. http://www.cga.ct.gov/2004/rpt/2004-R-0879.htm
      10. http://law.justia.com/codes/tennessee/2010/title-55/chapter-16

      About This Article

      3 Ways to Acquire Abandoned Property - wikiHow (31)

      Written by:

      Doctor of Law, Indiana University

      This article was written by Jennifer Mueller, JD. Jennifer Mueller is an in-house legal expert at wikiHow. Jennifer reviews, fact-checks, and evaluates wikiHow's legal content to ensure thoroughness and accuracy. She received her JD from Indiana University Maurer School of Law in 2006. This article has been viewed 413,457 times.

      127 votes - 88%

      Co-authors: 9

      Updated: October 22, 2022

      Views:413,457

      Categories: Property Law

      Article SummaryX

      To acquire abandoned property, first find out who owns the property by checking your county's property tax records. Then, reach out to the owner of the property and make them an offer. Just make sure you thoroughly research the title of the property to find out how much money is owed on it. For example, you'll want to check that the title is free of any debts aside from those that you're willing to pay for. Finally, wait to see if the owner accepts your offer. To learn how to acquire abandoned personal property, scroll down!

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      FAQs

      How do I find abandoned property in my area? ›

      Use official state government websites to conduct free searches. It's free to search, if you use your official state government's unclaimed property website. Use the interactive map below to go directly to your state's official program website. From there, you can conduct a free search for your unclaimed property!

      How do I claim an abandoned house in Texas? ›

      Unclaimed Personal Property

      Once the personal property is considered abandoned under the law, it must be reported to the Texas Comptroller. Texans can search for unclaimed property in their name through the Texas Comptroller's website and submit a claim.

      Why are homes abandoned with everything left behind? ›

      A house that is abandoned usually is one that has been left unoccupied and vacant due to foreclosure, bankruptcy, or other financial or legal reasons. Local governments are usually not collecting property taxes anymore from the original owner.

      Does paying property tax give ownership in California? ›

      In California, adverse possession laws allow for a person to legally claim ownership over a property by paying taxes and staying there for a certain amount of time.

      How long does it take to get unclaimed money in Texas? ›

      Remember, you can have unclaimed property more than once. The Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts will process original owner claims in 60 to 90 days after receipt, if no additional information is needed.

      Can you take over an abandoned house in Texas? ›

      In Texas law, an adverse possession claim is a legal principle that allows a squatter to claim ownership of a property. To make a successful claim, they must meet five criteria: Hostile claim: The squatter must demonstrate that they intend to take the property from the original owner.

      What is the finders keepers law in Texas? ›

      Abandoned property belongs to whomever finds it. Lost property belongs to whomever finds it, subject only to a claim by the true owner. Mislaid property belongs to the owner of the property on which it is found, subject only to a claim by the true owner.

      Is possession 9 10 of the law in Texas? ›

      While modern courts do not formally observe the “nine-tenths of the law” principle, possession still matters today. In 1998, a Texas court acknowledged the “nine-tenths” principle but made clear that possession is merely part of a “hierarchy of title.” In re Garza, 984 S.W. 2d 344 (Tex. App.

      How do you get a house on Google Earth? ›

      See inside buildings with indoor maps
      1. On your computer, open Google Maps.
      2. Type an address or name of a place.
      3. Press Enter or click Search . ...
      4. On the left, scroll down to the photos section and click on a 360 photo. ...
      5. To see more photos of this location, choose Photos.

      What does Urbex stand for? ›

      urban exploration in British English

      noun. a recreational activity in which people explore derelict urban structures such as abandoned sewers or underground railways or attempt to access areas which are closed to the public such as the roofs of skyscrapers. Often shortened to: urbex.

      What city has the most abandoned homes? ›

      The three most vacant cities in the U.S. are all in Florida: Orlando, Miami, and Tampa. These cities are known for tourism and vacation homes, which means houses sit vacant for much of the year.

      Are there abandoned mansions in the US? ›

      Believe it or not, there are thousands of abandoned homes across the United States. Some lavish estates that were once worth millions of dollars are now in crumbled ruins.

      Can you claim an abandoned house in California? ›

      A claim for unclaimed property can be initiated through the Internet, by telephone, or by mail. The State Controller's Office updates the unclaimed property records monthly, and account information can be accessed at any time. Instructions for filing a claim are described in this guide.

      At what age do you stop paying property taxes in California? ›

      If you are age 55 or older, you may have a significant equity in your home. California provides a special homestead exemption for seniors age 65 and over, people who are disabled, and people age 55 and over with low incomes.

      Is squatting illegal in California? ›

      Trespassing is a criminal offense. Squatting, however, doesn't always meet the criteria for criminal behavior, as it is typically done in a civil manner. Squatting arguably only becomes illegal if the landlord has clearly established that the squatters are unwelcome on their property.

      What is the best website to find unclaimed money? ›

      www.unclaimed.org is the website of the National Association of Unclaimed Property Administrators. This is a legitimate site created by state officials to help people search for funds that may belong to you or your relatives. Searches are free.

      How do I claim unclaimed amount? ›

      Account holders must visit the branch where their account is kept and submit the Annexure-B, or "Claim Form," duly filled out and signed, along with the account's available information (passbook/statements of account, term deposit/special term deposit receipts or advices), recent photos, and valid Identity and address ...

      How much money is there in unclaimed? ›

      States have $70 billion in unclaimed assets.

      How do I find out who owns a property in Texas for free? ›

      In order to conduct a property title search on your own without paying a lawyer or a title company, you should head to your county clerk's office. In Texas, each county clerk's office is responsible for keeping detailed property records – these records are public, and therefore available for you to view.

      What is the heir property law in Texas? ›

      What is an heir property owner? You are considered to be an heir property owner if you inherited your primary residence (also called a “residence homestead”) by (1) will, (2) transfer on death deed, or (3) intestacy — regardless of whether your ownership interest is recorded in the county's real property records.

      What does color of title mean in Texas? ›

      Color-of-title refers to a document or other instrument that appears to be a legitimate claim of title to a piece of land but due to a title defect, cannot transfer or convey ownership.

      What is the finders fee for unclaimed property in Texas? ›

      Heir finders or asset recovery companies must be licensed by the Texas Department of Public Safety, Private Security Bureau. Their fees cannot be more than 10 percent of the value of the abandoned property recovered, including all expenses incurred.

      What is the treasure trove law in Texas? ›

      CODE CIVIL art. 716: "Treasure trove belongs to the finder when he finds it on his property. If it is found on another person's property it belongs half to the finder and the other half to the owner of the property.

      Can property be land locked in Texas? ›

      Contrary to popular belief, there is no automatic right of access in Texas for private landowners with landlocked property to cross private land owned by another. Fortunately, there are a number of methods to consider in obtaining a legal right to access landlocked property.

      What are the 4 types of possession? ›

      Different Types of Possession
      • Constructive Possession. Constructive possession is often involved in criminal cases. ...
      • Criminal Possession. ...
      • Joint Possession. ...
      • Possession and Intent.
      Aug 28, 2020

      Are there squatters rights in Texas? ›

      Under the Texas squatters' rights, a squatter can legally own property through adverse means. That's why it's essential for property owners to familiarize themselves with squatters' rights in Texas to prevent losing their properties and investments.

      How long can someone leave their belongings on your property in Texas? ›

      providing a deadline for the tenant to pick up the property (30 days is common) requiring the tenant to reimburse you for the reasonable costs of storing the property, and. declaring that tenant failure to claim the property means the property is legally abandoned.

      How do you explore abandoned buildings without getting caught? ›

      Here are some tips for safety when exploring these locations:
      1. Research the location before going. ...
      2. Bring proper equipment. ...
      3. Be aware that you may not be the only one there! ...
      4. Bring a buddy! ...
      5. If you encounter someone never run! ...
      6. Never give away the location!
      May 17, 2019

      What is it called when you explore abandoned houses? ›

      Urban exploration, also known as “urbexing” or ” UE “, is the exploration of abandoned and derelict buildings and structures, usually in an urban environment. The term urbexing comes from the combination of two words: “urban” and “exploration”.

      What are people who explore abandoned places called? ›

      These people are called urban explorers. Most of the places these explorers trod are derelict; their structural integrity is questionable, and sometimes these sites are lousy with toxic materials.

      Can Google Earth show inside my house? ›

      Search for a place that has indoor maps. To see the floor plan, zoom in to the map and click on a building or place.

      Can you hide your house on Google Earth? ›

      Once you see the picture of the street or your house, click the ⋮ overflow menu in the upper-left corner next to your home address. Click Report a problem. Adjust the red square to fit around your house. Select My home under the Request blurring section.

      Can I have my house removed from Google Earth? ›

      If Google is the owner of the photo, you can request blurring or report the photo, as long as it contains: Your face, home or other identifying information. Anything that violates the Google-contributed Street View privacy policies.

      What is the golden rule of urbex? ›

      Take Nothing But Pictures, Leave Nothing But Footprints. This is the golden rule of the urbex community. It's certainly a rule that you should obey if you want to start in urbex photography.

      How illegal is urban exploration? ›

      Breaking into a building is illegal. Just being on private property is trespassing. While it may seem innocent that you're only taking a few pictures during a few-hour exploration, it still is not allowed. It's no different than someone coming to your home and taking some pics.

      What is the first rule of urbex? ›

      The golden rule of urbex is to leave the property exactly the way you found it when you arrived. That means moving nothing, stealing nothing and breaking nothing. Although the walls of these buildings may be covered with graffiti and the floors littered with trash, remember that we are explorers, not vandals.

      Where is America's largest abandoned mansion? ›

      Lynnewood Hall is a 110-room Neoclassical Revival mansion in Elkins Park, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania.
      ...
      Lynnewood Hall
      Coordinates40°4′30.67″N 75°8′27.01″W
      Construction started1897
      Completed1900
      Cost$8 million (equivalent to $261 million in 2021)
      13 more rows

      What state has the most abandoned towns? ›

      A study conducted by a company named Geotab has compiled a list of over 3,800 ghost towns across America. According to the company, Texas has the most ghost towns of any state, with over 500.

      What is the most famous abandoned city in America? ›

      Bodie, California

      Like a straight-up Western movie set, Bodie is one of the most famous (and the largest) unreconstructed ghost towns in America. Established in 1859 when William S.

      How do I find abandoned houses in USA? ›

      Check with Local Authorities

      Make an appointment with the county clerk. You might be able to identify abandoned homes by going to the county clerk's office because the government keeps property ownership data. Inquire with banks to see if they have an inventory of houses under foreclosure.

      What is the largest abandoned city North America? ›

      Jerome was a copper mining camp that grew from a settlement of tents to a roaring mining community. But after four disastrous fires,the Depression and the end of World War II, the thriving population of 15,000 decreased to only 100.

      How to buy abandoned property usa? ›

      How To Buy Abandoned Property
      1. Find Available Abandoned Real Estate. To find available abandoned real estate, you'll use many of the same methods to buy regular property. ...
      2. Contact The Property Owner. ...
      3. Conduct A Home Inspection. ...
      4. Weigh The Pros And Cons. ...
      5. Purchase The Abandoned Property.
      Feb 27, 2023

      Can I claim abandoned house in USA? ›

      Overview: At common law, a person who finds abandoned property may claim it. To do so, the finder must take definite steps to show their claim. For example, a finder might claim an abandoned piece of furniture by taking it to their house, or putting a sign on it indicating their ownership.

      Why do people leave mansions abandoned? ›

      Common Reasons People Abandon Houses

      Financial distress culminates in an inability to pay the mortgage. Missed mortgage payments occur, which leads to the foreclosure process. Unpaid back taxes. The owner passes away.

      How do I claim abandoned property in North Carolina? ›

      If you have additional questions regarding your claim, and would like assistance, please contact our office by calling 866-NCCash1 (866-622-2741) or at unclaimed.property@nctreasurer.com and one of our representatives will be happy to assist you.

      How do I find unclaimed money in Missouri? ›

      Go to https://treasurer.mo.gov/UnclaimedProperty/Donate.aspx to find out more. Missourians can search the Treasurer's database for their Unclaimed Property 24/7 online. You can also sign up for email alerts when new Unclaimed Property comes in matching your information.

      How do I file unclaimed property in California? ›

      You must file a claim with the State Controller's Office. If your claim is eligible, you will be given the option to file electronically after you have entered the requested information for your claim. If a paper claim is required, the site will provide instructions on how to complete that process.

      How long does it take to get unclaimed money in PA? ›

      Typically, direct deposits will arrive 7 to 10 business days after a claim is fully processed in Treasury's system. Using direct deposit eliminates any delays associated with mail delivery, including lost and returned checks.

      How long before property is considered abandoned in North Carolina? ›

      § 42-25.9(d) (2021).) When the property has a value of less than $500 and has been left behind after an eviction: When the property left behind is valued at less than $500, the landlord can treat it as abandoned five days after the eviction. After those five days, the landlord can throw the property away. (N.C. Gen.

      Is N.C. unclaimed cash real? ›

      As of FY 2021, there is approximately $1.02 billion in the unclaimed property fund. You may be one of the North Carolinians who is owed money from the fund.

      Does N.C. have squatters rights? ›

      A Guide to Squatters Rights in NC. A squatter must have possession of the property for a certain amount of time in order for them to gain rights. In North Carolina, a squatter must occupy your property for a continuous period of twenty (20) years.

      Can you buy unclaimed property in Missouri? ›

      The Unclaimed Property Auction is being held pursuant to Section 447.558, RSMo that provides for the sale of Unclaimed Property to the highest bidder at public auction. The buyer will receive title to the property purchased, free from all claims of the owner, prior holder or their successors.

      How do I find lost money? ›

      Use the U.S. Courts Unclaimed Funds Locator to search for money you may be owed after a person or business declared bankruptcy. The Department of the Interior's Bureau of Trust Funds Administration (BTFA) manages Individual Indian Money (IIM) accounts for Native American and Alaska Native beneficiaries.

      What does claim affirmation mean? ›

      The claimant agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the State, the Courts and its agents, officers, and employees from any loss resulting from the payment of said claims. CURRENT INFORMATION AND SIGNATURE MUST BE PROVIDED FOR EACH CLAIMANT OR YOUR CLAIM WILL NOT BE PROCESSED.

      What is mail from state controller? ›

      I received a letter from the State Controller's Office. Is it legitimate? You may receive a letter in the mail from the State Controller's Office that looks like this. The purpose of this letter is to notify owners that a business has their property before it is turned over to the state's custody.

      What is dormancy date? ›

      A dormancy period is the length of time that you must hold a property before escheating it to the state, and it typically begins on the date that the funds were first payable. Of course every state has a different set of dormancy periods, and of course they are all subject to change.

      What is the best site to search for unclaimed money? ›

      www.unclaimed.org is the website of the National Association of Unclaimed Property Administrators. This is a legitimate site created by state officials to help people search for funds that may belong to you or your relatives. Searches are free.

      What does MS11 refunds due mean? ›

      Unclaimed after five years. MS11- REFUNDS/REBATES- Amounts repaid to an individual or business after full payment has been made. MS12 - GIFT CERTIFICATES - A certificate purchased from a business association for a specified amount to be presented for redemption for payment of goods and services.

      What is the minimum amount for unclaimed property in PA? ›

      Pennsylvania Escheat and Unclaimed Property Laws
      StateReporting PeriodDue Diligence
      PennsylvaniaJanuary 1 to December 31$50 minimum, first class mail to last known address or owner agreed electronic notice 60 to 120 days prior to report filing

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