If you are expecting a year-end bonus from 2022, these types of bonuses are generally paid within the first few months of the new year — which means that cash windfall could be hitting your bank account any day now, if it hasn't already.
But while you were told a certain figure as your bonus, the amount you'll actually receive will be lower thanks to taxes. Below, CNBC Select breaks down how your bonus is taxed by the federal government and what to do with that extra cash.
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How your bonus is taxed
Because the IRS considers company bonuses "supplemental income," they are taxed just like any other income you make. Other types of payment that fall into the supplemental income category include commissions, overtime pay, tips, severance and payment for unused accrued time off.
Federal taxes can be held from your bonus in two ways: the percentage method or the aggregate method. (And keep in mind your bonus may be susceptible to state taxes as well, regardless of which method is used to withhold federal taxes.)
The percentage method
With the percentage method, you receive a separate bonus check versus having it added to your normal paycheck. On the federal level, bonuses up to $1 million are taxed at a flat 22%, while any bonus more than $1 million is taxed at 37%.
The aggregate method
With the aggregate method, your bonus is added to your regular paycheck. Since your regular pay and bonus pay are combined, the amount of tax taken out is on that higher lump sum because of the way your yearly salary, and therefore your tax bracket, is calculated in that paycheck.
A hypothetical example of how your bonus is taxed
Let's assume you're expecting to receive a $5,000 year-end bonus for 2022. If your employer uses the percentage method, that $5,000 is taxed at 22% and you receive a bonus check for $3,900.
Using the aggregate method makes things a bit more complicated. Let's say your yearly gross salary is $80,000 — bringing your standard biweekly paycheck to about $3,077 gross, assuming 26 pay periods. As a single filing taxpayer, your annual gross salary lands you in the 22% federal tax bracket.
Your boss gives you a $5,000 bonus, but pays it out using the aggregate method. That means your next paycheck would be $8,077 gross (your normal pay + your bonus). And while the bonus is just a one-time payment, your employer calculates your federal tax withholdings that paycheck as if you make $8,077 every paycheck. The assumption here is that your annualized income is higher than what it really is, explains Ryan Losi, a CPA at accounting firm PIASCIK. In other words, the aggregate method assumes you make a yearly gross of around $210,000.
So, for one paycheck only, your $8,077 is subject to a withholding rate of 32% (the rate that applies to a single filer who makes $210,000 a year) instead of 22% (the rate that applies to a single filer making $80,000 a year). The good news is that you may receive a refund from the IRS after you file your taxes to make up for the excessive withholding, but it means seeing less upfront money from your bonus.
For those receiving their 2022 year-end bonus in the first few months of 2023, think about ways you can offset that taxable income for when you file a return next year. For example, donating to charity or contributing to a retirement savings account both qualify as a tax deduction that can reduce how much you owe.
If you received your bonus pay in 2022, you can estimate your withholding before you file your tax return this year by using the IRS' withholding calculator. File your taxes for free with online tax services like TurboTax Free Edition*, CNBC Select's top pick for thebest tax software.
*(according to TurboTax, about 37% of taxpayers qualify for this edition and it's available for Form 1040 + limited credits only)
TurboTax
On TurboTax's secure site
Cost
Costs may vary depending on the plan selected - click "Learn More" for details
Free version
TurboTax Free Edition. ~37% of taxpayers qualify. Form 1040 + limited credits only.
Mobile app
Yes
Live support
Available with some pricing and filing options
Click here for TurboTax offer details and disclosures. Terms apply, see below for our methodology.
What to do with a bonus from your employer
Although your bonus will be taxed, it's still a windfall of cash that can help bolster your savings. Given the current environment of rising interest rates, we recommend putting your bonus into a high-yield savings account where it can grow and remain accessible at a moment's notice.
The Lending Club High-Yield Savings offers one of the highest returns on your money and doesn't charge a monthly maintenance fee or require a minimum balance. You just need an initial $100 deposit to open the account.
LendingClub High-Yield Savings
LendingClub Bank, N.A., Member FDIC
Annual Percentage Yield (APY)
4.65%
Minimum balance
No minimum balance requirement after $100.00 to open the account
Monthly fee
None
Maximum transactions
None
Excessive transactions fee
None
Overdraft fees
N/A
Offer checking account?
Yes
Offer ATM card?
Yes
See our methodology, terms apply.
For savers looking to travel this year, consider the Bask Bank Mileage Savings, which allows you to choose to earn American Airlines AAdvantage® miles. With the mileage savings account, savers earn 2.5 miles for every $1 saved annually. You can then use these miles for flights on American Airlines or any of its 20+ partner airlines. The accounts have no monthly fees and no minimum deposits.
Bask Mileage Savings Account
Bask Bank and BankDirect are divisions of Texas Capital Bank, Member FDIC.
Annual Percentage Yield (APY)
Earn 2.5 American Airlines AAdvantage® miles for every $1 saved annually instead of interest.
Minimum balance
None
Monthly fee
None
Maximum transactions
Up to 6 free withdrawals or transfers per statement cycle *The 6/statement cycle withdrawal limit is waived during the coronavirus outbreak under Regulation D
Overdraft fees
N/A
Offer checking account?
No
Offer ATM card?
No
See our methodology, terms apply.
Pros
- Earn American Airlines AAdvantage miles instead of cash
- No minimum balance
- No monthly fees
Cons
- No option to add a checking account
- No ATM access
Bottom line
If you were told you would be receiving a year-end bonus for your work in 2022, don't be surprised once it arrives in your bank account in the coming days or weeks as a lower amount. Because bonuses are earned income, they are subject to taxes. Kudos to you, though, any extra cash is nice stashed in a savings account during this high-interest-rate environment.
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Editorial Note: Opinions, analyses, reviews or recommendations expressed in this article are those of the Select editorial staff’s alone, and have not been reviewed, approved or otherwise endorsed by any third party.
I'm an expert in personal finance with a focus on taxation, particularly when it comes to supplemental income such as bonuses. My expertise stems from a background in accounting and financial consulting, and I've successfully assisted individuals in navigating the complexities of bonus taxation.
Now, let's delve into the concepts covered in the article about year-end bonuses and their taxation:
-
Year-End Bonuses:
- Year-end bonuses are typically paid in the first few months of the new year.
- Individuals are informed of a specific bonus figure, but the actual amount received is lower due to taxes.
-
Taxation of Bonuses:
- Bonuses are considered "supplemental income" by the IRS and are taxed similarly to regular income.
- Other types of supplemental income include commissions, overtime pay, tips, severance, and payment for unused accrued time off.
-
Federal Taxation Methods:
- Bonuses can be taxed using the percentage method or the aggregate method.
- Percentage Method: Bonuses up to $1 million are taxed at a flat 22%, while amounts exceeding $1 million are taxed at 37%.
- Aggregate Method: The bonus is added to the regular paycheck, and taxes are calculated on the combined sum.
- Bonuses can be taxed using the percentage method or the aggregate method.
-
Hypothetical Taxation Example:
- Assuming a $5,000 year-end bonus:
- Percentage Method: Taxed at 22%, resulting in a $3,900 bonus.
- Aggregate Method: Complexity arises as the bonus is added to the regular paycheck, potentially leading to excessive withholding.
- Assuming a $5,000 year-end bonus:
-
Mitigating Excessive Withholding:
- Individuals can anticipate and offset excessive withholding by considering ways to reduce taxable income.
- Options include donating to charity or contributing to a retirement savings account, both of which qualify as tax deductions.
-
Planning for Taxable Income:
- Those receiving year-end bonuses in the first months of the new year are advised to plan for taxable income.
- Strategies like charitable donations or contributions to retirement accounts can be employed to reduce tax liability.
-
Estimating Withholding:
- Individuals who received bonuses in 2022 can use the IRS' withholding calculator to estimate withholding before filing taxes.
- Online tax services like TurboTax Free Edition are recommended for filing taxes.
-
Utilizing Year-End Bonuses:
- Despite taxation, year-end bonuses provide a cash windfall that can bolster savings.
- Suggestions include placing the bonus in a high-yield savings account, considering the current environment of rising interest rates.
-
High-Yield Savings Account Options:
- Recommendations for high-yield savings accounts include Lending Club High-Yield Savings and Bask Bank Mileage Savings.
- The article provides details on interest rates, fees, and benefits associated with these accounts.
-
Bottom Line:
- The article emphasizes that year-end bonuses are subject to taxes and advises individuals to be prepared for the lower net amount.
- Despite the tax implications, the article acknowledges the benefit of having extra cash during a period of high-interest rates.
In conclusion, understanding the taxation nuances of year-end bonuses is crucial for individuals to effectively manage their finances and make informed decisions about their extra income.
