Which of the following is important transcription?CAAT boxPromoterRNA polymeraseAll of the above (2024)

FAQs

Which of the following is important for transcription? ›

CAAT is a promoter sequence that lies between -70 and -80 base pairs and is essential for transcription initiation. The sequence is GGT/ACAATCT. The promoter is a DNA segment that serves to initiate transcription of a particular gene.

The main enzyme involved in transcription is RNA polymerase, which uses a single-stranded DNA template to synthesize a complementary strand of RNA. Specifically, RNA polymerase builds an RNA strand in the 5' to 3' direction, adding each new nucleotide to the 3' end of the strand.

The enzymes that perform transcription are called RNA polymerases. Like the DNA polymerase that catalyzes DNA replication (discussed in Chapter 5), RNA polymerases catalyze the formation of the phosphodiester bonds that link the nucleotides together to form a linear chain.

The CAAT box signals the binding site for the RNA transcription factor, and is typically accompanied by a conserved consensus sequence. It is an invariant DNA sequence at about minus 70 base pairs from the origin of transcription in many eukaryotic promoters.

Both transcription and translation are equally important in the process of genetic information flow within a cell, from genes in DNA to proteins. Neither process can occur without the other.

Since ribosomes are also responsible for the synthesis of proteins, they are not required for DNA transcription. The transcription process is carried out by the enzyme RNA polymerase and many supporting proteins referred to as transcription factors.

Transcription Factors. The proteins that bind to DNA regulatory elements (promoter, enhancer) to activate or repress transcription.

Transcription factors are vital molecules in the control of gene expression, directly controling when, where and the degree to which genes are expressed. They bind to specific sequences of DNA and control the transcription of DNA into mRNA.

Transcription makes audio and video content accessible to a wider audience. People who are deaf or hard of hearing can read the transcribed content and understand the message being conveyed. Transcription can also help people who speak a different language to understand the content better.

Lipases: This group of enzymes help digest fats in the gut. Amylase: In the saliva, amylase helps change starches into sugars. Maltase: This also occurs in the saliva, and breaks the sugar maltose into glucose. Trypsin: These enzymes break proteins down into amino acids in the small intestine.

Why is transcription important in protein synthesis? ›

In biology, the process by which a cell makes an RNA copy of a piece of DNA. This RNA copy, called messenger RNA (mRNA), carries the genetic information needed to make proteins in a cell. It carries the information from the DNA in the nucleus of the cell to the cytoplasm, where proteins are made.

Peptidyl transferase is the main enzyme used in Translation. It is found in the ribosomes with an enzymatic activity that catalyzes the formation of a covalent peptide bond between the adjacent amino acids. The enzyme's activity is to form peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids using tRNAs during translation.

The inverted CCAAT box is located about 80 nucleotides (nt) upstream of the transcription start site and binds the cellular factor CP1 (7, 29).

T-box transcription factors are important players in the molecular circuitry that generates lineage diversity and form in the developing embryo. At least seven family members are expressed in the developing mammalian heart, and the human T-box genes TBX1 and TBX5 are mutated in cardiac congenital anomaly syndromes.

Transcription is initiated at the TATA box in TATA-containing genes. The TATA box is the binding site of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and other transcription factors in some eukaryotic genes.

RNA polymerase is the main transcription enzyme. Transcription begins when RNA polymerase binds to a promoter sequence near the beginning of a gene (directly or through helper proteins). RNA polymerase uses one of the DNA strands (the template strand) as a template to make a new, complementary RNA molecule.

During transcription, enzymes called RNA polymerases build RNA molecules that are complementary to a portion of one strand of the DNA double helix (Figure 3).

RNA polymerase plays a very crucial role in all steps including post-transcriptional changes in RNA.

Helicases are essential enzymes involved in all aspects of nucleic acid metabolism including DNA replication, repair, recombination, transcription, ribosome biogenesis and RNA processing, translation, and decay.