We Take A Closer Look At Boat Toilets – Without a Hitch (2024)

It’s a delicate subject, but sooner or later someone will need to use the toilet when out on your boat. So, what are the best options when it comes to marine toilets?

Traditionally,boat toilets work by flushing the waste into a holding tank to be emptied onshore. Fortunately, there are now cheaper and less intrusive means of storage and disposal.

What are the rules?

By law, accumulated waste must be retained on board until it can be pumped out into an onshore waste-disposal facility. If you’re unsure where those are, ask your local marina or go online to the relevant maritime authority in your state.

Generally, no discharge of untreated sewage is allowed within one nautical mile of a reef, island or the mainland. The Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) suggests that if a vessel does not have a sewage treatment system on board, options include:

  • Using onshore toilet facilities whenever possible.
  • Using a portable toilet that can be emptied into a sewerage/septic system later.
  • Retaining sewage in an onboard holding tank for pumping out to onshore facilities.

Portable toilets

A practical option for trailer boats, the portable marine toilet consists of a fresh-water tank and a sealed lower waste tank. The waste tank can be removed for emptying into a domestic toilet or sewage collection point.

Advantages:

  • Inexpensive.
  • Lightweight and easy to install.

Disadvantages:

  • Need to carry 10–20 litres of water.
  • Chemicals are necessary.

Composting toilets

More boat owners are choosing the composting toilet, mainly because it doesn’t smell, use chemicals or cause pollution. It has two receptacles: one for urine and one for solids, and works by allowing oxygen to dry and compost the waste. All you have to do is add peat moss or sawdust to help the drying process.

Advantages:

  • Very little maintenance.
  • Lasts up to a month for two people.
  • Doesn’t use water, meaning reduced weight and fuel consumption.
  • No hazardous chemicals.
  • Clean, environmentally friendly.
  • No worries about blocked pipes.
  • No special disposal – just put it on the garden.

Disadvantages:

  • They can be taller than most, so take getting used to.
  • The size could prohibit installation in some boats.
  • Some use (minimal) power occasionally as part of the composting process.

Cassette toilet

Cassette marine toilets have a built-in seat with removable base where the waste is collected and stored.

Advantages:

  • Simple to use.
  • Inexpensive.
  • Easy to empty.

Disadvantages:

  • Cassettes can get heavy.
  • Rinse water tank needs to be kept refilled.
  • Can be smelly.
  • Need to find somewhere to empty the cassette.

Whichever toilet you have in your boat, help preserve our pristine waters by choosing biodegradable toilet paper and phosphate-free cleaning products.

Want to know more? Read our guide to cassette toilet emptying and maintenance.

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FAQs

What happens when you go to the toilet on a boat? ›

Toilets on board cruise ships are connected to vacuum suction lines that direct the waste to marine sanitation farms onboard the ship. This siphons out the water from the waste, treats it until it's drinkable, then pumps it into the ocean.

How do you go to the bathroom on a boat? ›

The first option for using the bathroom on a boat is through the use of a marine toilet: Marine toilets are specially designed for use on boats and yachts, and they function much like a regular toilet.

Where do boats empty their toilets? ›

Boats that are equipped with a head (toilet) are required by law to have a holding tank. This tank is pumped out when in Port into a shore based sewage system. If the boat is not equipped with a head , a deck bucket is used and the waste is dumped overboard.

Do boat bathrooms go to the ocean? ›

Treated sewage passes through a Type I or Type II Marine Sanitation Devise, or MSD. Depending on the boat set up, the treated waste is then stored in a Type III MSD (holding tank) or discharged directly overboard. Untreated boat sewage may be stored in a Type III MSD or discharge directly overboard.

What is a toilet on a boat called? ›

“The bathroom of a maritime vessel is known as the head because of its location aboard vessels in the bow or fore of the ship, as explained by the Naval Heritage and History Command. The term first appears in 1708 in Woodes Rogers' book, “A Cruising Voyage Around the World.” Source Ask.com.

How do you empty a portable marine toilet? ›

How Do You Empty a Portable Toilet?
  1. Move the unit to a suitable emptying site, away from congested areas and bodies of water.
  2. Carefully take off the cover of the holding tank.
  3. Connect the hose to the outlet valve.
  4. Open the valve to drain all the waste within the holding tank.
Mar 2, 2024

Where does boat shower water go? ›

Instead, most boats will have a dedicated shower pump the turns on and evacuates the water collecting at the bottom of the shower. Some boats will have an automatic pump with a sensor while others may have a manual switch. It's good to keep in mind that everything you put down the drain leads directly to the ocean.

What can never be dumped in inland waters? ›

Proper Waste Disposal:

If one is within 3 miles of shore or in any lakes, rivers, or inland waters one may not dump any garbage overboard. In some areas, one may dump grey water or fresh fish parts, but never plastics or other forms of trash. Finally, one may never dump untreated human waste in any inland waters.

How do cruise ships get rid of toilet waste? ›

What do cruise ships do with their trash and sewage? They incinerate or compress the trash and offload it at the next port of call. At one time they just dumped it overboard, but they don't do that any more. If they are over three miles from shore they may dump raw or semi-processed sewage into the ocean.

What is most likely to cause someone to fall overboard? ›

Common causes of falls overboard and boat capsizing include: being caught off guard by a wave or sharp turn when moving around in the boat, carrying too much weight in the boat or unevenly distributing weight in the boat; and bad weather conditions.

What happens when you flush a toilet on a cruise ship? ›

When a toilet is flushed on a cruise ship, the sewage travels to the onboard treatment plant. Here the waste is filtered before it enters an aeration chamber. The aeration chamber cleans the waste. It is then sterilized using UV light and released into the ocean when clean enough to do so.

What happens when you flush the toilet on a yacht? ›

The absence of a sewerage system on a boat means that waste needs storing until you are able to take it ashore. Every traditional boat toilet therefore functions by flushing (or dropping) the waste from the bowl into some form of holding tank.

What happens to toilet waste on a ferry? ›

Ferries (and other boats) have a tank on board to hold all of the waste from the toilets. They regularly go to a pumping station where the waste is pumped out and into a sewer system for treatment. This prevents untreated waste from getting into the waterways.

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