Understanding Defensive Stocks, Pros & Cons, Examples (2024)

What Is a Defensive Stock?

A defensive stock is a stock that provides consistent dividends and stable earnings regardless of the state of the overall stock market. There is a constant demand for their products, so defensive stocks tend to be more stable during the various phases of the business cycle. Defensive stocks should not be confused with defense stocks, which are the stocks of companies that manufacture things like weapons, ammunition, and fighter jets.

Key Takeaways

  • A defensive stock is a stock that provides consistent dividends and stable earnings regardless of the state of the overall stock market.
  • Well-established companies, such as Procter & Gamble, Johnson & Johnson, Philip Morris International, and Coca-Cola, are considered defensive stocks.
  • Defensive stocks offer the substantial benefit of similar long-term gains with lower risk than other stocks.
  • On the downside, the low volatility of defensive stocks often leads to smaller gains during bull markets and a cycle of mistiming the market.

Understanding Defensive Stocks

Investors seeking to protect their portfolios during a weakening economy or periods of high volatility may increase their exposure to defensive stocks. Well-established companies, such as Procter & Gamble (PG), Johnson & Johnson (JNJ), Philip Morris International (PM), and Coca-Cola (KO), are considered defensive stocks. In addition to strong cash flows, these companies have stable operations with the ability to weather weakening economic conditions. They also pay dividends, which can have the effect of cushioning a stock's price during a market decline.

Defensive stocks are also less likely to face bankruptcy because of their relative strength during downturns.

In difficult times or if things are getting shaky, why would anyone even want to own a stock? Why not just go for the safety of a Treasury bill, which essentially has a risk-free rate of return? The answer is quite simply that fear and greed can often drive the markets. Defensive stocks accommodate greed by offering a higher dividend yield than can be made in low-interest-rate environments. They also alleviate fear because they are not as risky as regular stocks, and it usually takes a significant catastrophe to derail their business model. Investors also need to be aware that most investment managers have no choice but to own stocks. If they think times are going to be harder than usual, they will migrate toward defensive stocks.

Defensive stocks tend to perform better than the broader market during recessions. However, during an expansion phase, they tend to perform below the market. That is attributable to their low beta or market-related risk. Defensive stocks typically have betas of less than 1. To illustrate beta, consider a stock with a beta of 0.5. If the market drops 2% in a week, then we would expect the stock to lose only about 1%. On the other hand, a 2% price gain in the market for one week leads to an expected increase of just 1% for the defensive stock with a beta of 0.5.

Advantages of Defensive Stocks

Defensive stocks offer the substantial benefit of similar long-term gains with lower risk than other stocks. Defensive stocks as a group have a higher Sharpe ratio than the stock market as a whole. That is a strong argument that defensive stocks are objectively better investments than other stocks. Warren Buffett also became one of the greatest investors of all-time in part by focusing on defensive stocks. It is not necessary to take excessive risks to beat the market. In fact, limiting losses with defensive stocks may be more effective.

Disadvantages of Defensive Stocks

On the downside, the low volatility of defensive stocks often leads to smaller gains during bull markets and a cycle of mistiming the market. Unfortunately, many investors abandon defensive stocks out of frustration with underperformance late in a bull market, when they really need them most. After a downturn in the market, investors sometimes rush into defensive stocks, even though it is too late. These failed attempts at market timing using defensive stocks can significantly lower the rate of return for investors.

Examples of Defensive Stocks

Defensive stocks are also known as noncyclical stocks because they are not highly correlated with the business cycle. Below are a few types of defensive stocks.

Utilities

Water, gas, and electric utilities are examples of defensive stocks because people need them during all phases of the business cycle. Utility companies also get another benefit from a slower economic environment because interest rates tend to be lower.

Consumer Staples

Companies that produce or distribute consumer staples, which are goods people tend to buy out of necessity regardless of economic conditions, are generally thought to be defensive. They include food, beverages, hygiene products, tobacco, and certain household items. These companies generate steady cash flow and predictable earnings during strong and weak economies. Their stocks tend to outperform nondefensive or consumer cyclical stocks that sell discretionary products during weak economies while underperforming them in strong economies.

Healthcare Stocks

Shares of major pharmaceutical companies and medical device makers have historically been considered defensive stocks. After all, there will always be sick people in need of care. However, increased competition from new drugs and uncertainty surrounding regulations mean that they aren't as defensive as they once were.

Apartment REITs

Apartment real estate investment trusts (REITs) are also deemed defensive, as people always need shelter. When looking for defensive plays, steer clear of REITs that focus on ultra-high-end apartments. Also, avoid office building REITs or industrial park REITs, which could see defaults on leases rise when business slows.

Disclosure: Investopedia does not provide investment advice; investors should consider their risk tolerance and investment objectives before making investment decisions.

Understanding Defensive Stocks, Pros & Cons, Examples (2024)

FAQs

Understanding Defensive Stocks, Pros & Cons, Examples? ›

Defensive stocks offer the substantial benefit of similar long-term gains with lower risk than other stocks. On the downside, the low volatility of defensive stocks often leads to smaller gains during bull markets and a cycle of mistiming the market.

What are the pros and cons of defensive stocks? ›

Defensive stocks offer the substantial benefit of similar long-term gains with lower risk than other stocks. On the downside, the low volatility of defensive stocks often leads to smaller gains during bull markets and a cycle of mistiming the market.

What are examples of defensive stocks? ›

Defensive stocks are those that tend to provide stable earnings and consistent returns, even during an economic downturn. Shares of well-established companies in the consumer staples, utilities, and healthcare sectors are common examples of defensive stocks.

What are the cons of defensive stocks? ›

Disadvantages
  • #1 – Defensive Stocks can Slide Low – They can slide up or down like any other stocks. ...
  • #2 – Interest Rate Factor – Defensive Stocks may be sensitive to rising interest rates. ...
  • #3 – The Inflation Factor – Even if the companies raise their dividend rates, although many don't, the rise may be small.

What are the pros of defensive stocks? ›

Long-Term Stability: Such stocks have the potential for long-term stability and steady growth. Their consistent cash flows and resilient business models allow them to endure economic cycles and provide reasonable returns over the long run.

What are defensive stock strategies? ›

Defensive investing typically involves holding a diversified portfolio of asset classes such as lower-risk cash and bonds, plus equities, along with assets whose performance is typically less correlated to stock market movements – such as gold.

Is Costco a defensive stock? ›

Additionally, Costco Wholesale Corporation scored a 77 in the Consumer Defensive sector, ranking it higher than 77% of stocks in that sector. COST has an Overall Score of 68.

Is Coca Cola a defensive stock? ›

A rating of 72 puts Coca-Cola Co (KO) near the top of the Consumer Defensive sector according to InvestorsObserver. Coca-Cola Co's score of 72 means that it ranks higher than 72% of stocks in the sector. In addition, its overall score of 74 ranks it higher than 74% of all stocks.

What is the best defensive stock? ›

Why Defensive Stocks Appeal to Investors Now
Defensive StockDividend Yield
Consolidated Edison Inc. (ED)3.3%
Hershey Co. (HSY)1.6%
Kinder Morgan Inc. (KMI)6.3%
M&T Bank Corp. (MTB)4.1%
3 more rows

Is McDonald's a defensive stock? ›

As far as defensive stocks are concerned, McDonald's (NYSE:MCD) is a well-loved classic. The company has historically provided a lengthy track record of steady returns, making it a favorite among investors. Its widespread global presence also reduces its vulnerability to fluctuations in the U.S. economy.

How do you tell if a stock is aggressive or defensive? ›

A company stock with beta greater than one is called an aggressive stock. If beta is less than one, the returns on the company stock are less volatile than the market return. A company stock with beta less than one is called a defensive stock.

Why are defensive stocks popular in bad economic times? ›

Defensive stocks are favored by investors during tough economic times as companies operating in the space feel little impact of the broader economic downturn. That's because they sell products and services whose demand remains almost unchanged due to their essential nature.

What are common stocks pros and cons? ›

Pros and cons of common stocks
ProsCons
Voting rightsHigh volatility
Higher capital gains potentialHigher capital risk
May be paid dividendsDividend payouts are not guaranteed
Dec 19, 2022

What is an example of a defensive industry? ›

Companies in the utility industry, for example, are defensive because consumer demand does not decline as much during downturns. Consumers need electricity, water, heating, and air conditioning, whether the economy is in a recession or not. The other primary defensive industries are consumer staples and healthcare.

What percentage of portfolio should be defensive stocks? ›

Always have at least 33% of the portfolio invested in defensive shares.

Are banks considered defensive stocks? ›

Bank stocks are near the middle of the risk spectrum. They can be recession-prone and are sensitive to interest rate fluctuations, just to name two major risk factors. But, like most other types of businesses, the risk associated with bank stocks can vary tremendously between companies.

What are the 3 types of defensive strategies? ›

There are three strategies considered as essential elements of defensive strategy:
  • Retrenchment.
  • Divestiture.
  • Liquidation.

What are the 3 common methods of defend strategy? ›

the means used by companies in market leadership positions to defend their market share from attacks by challengers; six common defence strategies are position defence, flanking defence, pre-emptive defence, counter-offensive defence, mobile defence and contraction defence.

What are the two main defensive strategies? ›

There are two main types of defensive strategies that an opposing team can employ: Man-to-man or zone defense. The first is man-to-man. As the name suggests, you, as a defender are responsible for guarding a specific opposing player.

Why is Johnson and Johnson a defensive stock? ›

Johnson & Johnson (JNJ Stock)

As a healthcare company, it is considered a defensive stock due to the constant demand for its products and services. Especially during times of economic uncertainty.

Is Home Depot a defensive stock? ›

Home Depot (NYSE:HD) is often characterized as a defensive stock, but the company is working on changing itself and adding more dynamics to the mix through a growing digital ecosystem and shakeups in its business-to-business model.

What are the most defensive stock sectors? ›

There are three main defensive sectors: Utilities, Consumer Staples, and Health Care. Utilities: Water, gas, and electric utilities are needed in all phases of the business cycle.

Is Microsoft a defensive stock? ›

Microsoft $MSFT is a good defensive stock less likely to be affected by economic downturns. It's a well-established company with a strong track record of profitability. $MSFT has a diverse portfolio including operating systems, cloud, gaming, AI, and application software.

Is food a defensive stock? ›

Companies engaged in the manufacturing of food, beverages, household and personal products, packaging, or tobacco. Also includes companies that provide services such as education & training services.

Is Nike a defensive stock? ›

Cyclical stocks are generally the opposite of defensive stocks. Cyclical stocks include discretionary companies, such as Starbucks or Nike, while defensive stocks are staples, such as Campbell Soup.

Are defense stocks a good buy? ›

Defense stocks did well in 2022, enjoying a big rally in October and far outpacing the wider stock market: the MSCI Aerospace & Defense index has seen 18.66% growth in a 12-month period. They could be a good addition to investor portfolios with the current climate.

Do defensive stocks pay dividends? ›

Moreover, the top defensive stocks have the ability to grow their dividends. Typically, these defensive companies generate a sufficient amount of free cash flow (FCF) that can support both dividend payments and also stock buybacks.

Are defensive stocks safe? ›

Defensive stocks are considered some of the safest investments in equities. These companies usually promise decent returns over the long term.

Is Apple a good defensive stock? ›

Apple (NASDAQ:AAPL) seems to be a stock which, in spite of a premium valuation, exhibits characteristics of a defensive stock. This isn't that surprising, considering the company's consistent profits and generous shareholder returns of dividends and share repurchases.

Is Procter and Gamble a defensive stock? ›

Grading Defensive Stocks With AAII's A+ Stock Grades

Using AAII's A+ Investor Stock Grades, the following table summarizes the attractiveness of three defensive stocks—Colgate, Kimberly Clark and Procter & Gamble—based on their fundamentals.

What companies are consumer defensive stocks? ›

Consumer Defensive
SymbolNamePrice (Intraday)
MNSTMonster Beverage Corporation58.45
HSYThe Hershey Company260.72
KVUEKenvue Inc.26.25
GISGeneral Mills, Inc.80.71
21 more rows

How do you know your stock is being manipulated? ›

If the company is generating revenue and has future growth potential, and still the company stocks are plummeting and trading, sometimes as low as its floor, then there's a high chance that the company stocks are being shorted or manipulated.

How do you know which stock is riskier? ›

A stock that swings more than the market over time has a beta above 1.0. If a stock moves less than the market, the stock's beta is less than 1.0. High-beta stocks are supposed to be riskier but provide higher return potential; low-beta stocks pose less risk but also lower returns.

How do defense stocks perform during war? ›

Which Stocks Do Best During a War? In general, defense stocks (companies that produce weapons and armaments) tend to fare the best during a wartime environment.

Do defense stocks do well in a recession? ›

They're less likely to drop in value when there are events that trigger an economic downturn thanks to their steady nature and low volatility. In a recession, defensive stocks can protect you from further losses.

What stocks do well during inflation? ›

The Best Inflation Protection Stocks of 2023
  • Eli Lilly and Company (LLY) Dividend Yield. 1.0% ...
  • AstraZeneca PLC (AZN) Dividend Yield. ...
  • Merck & Company, Inc. (MRK) ...
  • CMS Energy Corporation (CMS) Dividend Yield. ...
  • PepsiCo, Inc. (PEP) ...
  • Ameren Corporation (AEE) Dividend Yield. ...
  • Mondelez International, Inc. (MDLZ) ...
  • Xcel Energy Inc. (XEL)
Jun 1, 2023

What businesses thrive in a recession? ›

Recession-proof business ideas
  • Health Care and Related Services. ...
  • Grocery and related businesses. ...
  • Tax and accounting services. ...
  • Financial advisory services. ...
  • Supply chain and delivery businesses. ...
  • Daycare and childcare needs. ...
  • Auto maintenance businesses. ...
  • Home hardware stores.

What is common stock for dummies? ›

Common stock is a type of tradeable asset, or security, that equates to ownership in a company. If you own common stock in a company, you have the right to vote on things like corporate policies and board of director decisions. Common stock is just one type of stock traded on public exchanges.

Why is preferred stock better than common? ›

Is preferred stock safer than common stock? Yes, preferred stock is less risky than common stock because payments of interest or dividends on preferred stock are required to be paid before any payments to common shareholders. This means that preferred stock is senior to common stock.

What is a blue chip stock? ›

A blue chip stock is stock issued by a large, well-established, financially-sound company with an excellent reputation. Normally, such companies have operated for many years, have dependable earnings, and usually pay dividends to investors. A blue chip company typically has a market capitalization in the billions.

What is an example of defensive assets? ›

What are defensive assets? Defensive assets provide long-term stable returns with lower volatility. Examples of defensive assets are fixed interest investment options such as debentures, bonds and bank bills and cash investment options which include bank bills and bank deposits.

Which sectors are cyclical vs defensive? ›

The Cyclical super sector has four sectors: Basic Materials, Consumer Cyclical, Financial Services, and Real Estate. The Defensive super sector has three sectors: Consumer Defensive, Healthcare, and Utilities.

Why is a defensive strategy important? ›

The objective of a defensive business strategy is to fend off aggressive attacks. If you don't have a defensive strategy or if you fail to stop an attack, you incur a substantial problem because you put your business at risk.

What is the 5 percent stock rule? ›

This sort of five percent rule is a yardstick to help investors with diversification and risk management. Using this strategy, no more than 1/20th of an investor's portfolio would be tied to any single security. This protects against material losses should that single company perform poorly or become insolvent.

What is the 1% rule in stocks? ›

The 1% rule demands that traders never risk more than 1% of their total account value on a single trade. In a $10,000 account, that doesn't mean you can only invest $100. It means you shouldn't lose more than $100 on a single trade.

What are good defensive assets? ›

While cash, gold and Treasuries are all considered defensive asset classes, each arrives at that characteristic in a different way. Cash has historically provided stability in the form of very low volatility, along with a lower return.

What is an example of a defensive stock? ›

A defensive stock is a stock that provides consistent dividends and stable earnings regardless of the state of the overall stock market. Well-established companies, such as Procter & Gamble, Johnson & Johnson, Philip Morris International, and Coca-Cola, are considered defensive stocks.

How do you tell if a stock is cyclical or defensive? ›

In general, defensive stocks tend to have a market beta of less than 1, meaning they will outperform the broader market when the index falls. In contrast, cyclical stocks tend to have a market beta of more than 1, meaning they will underperform when the index falls.

Is PepsiCo a defensive stock? ›

PepsiCo, Inc. gets a 89 rank in the Consumer Defensive sector. Consumer Defensive is number 7 out of 11 sectors.

Are defense stocks a good investment? ›

Defense stocks did well in 2022, enjoying a big rally in October and far outpacing the wider stock market: the MSCI Aerospace & Defense index has seen 18.66% growth in a 12-month period. They could be a good addition to investor portfolios with the current climate.

What is the best defensive stocks? ›

Why Defensive Stocks Appeal to Investors Now
Defensive StockDividend Yield
Consolidated Edison Inc. (ED)3.3%
Hershey Co. (HSY)1.6%
Kinder Morgan Inc. (KMI)6.3%
M&T Bank Corp. (MTB)4.1%
3 more rows

Do defense stocks do well during war? ›

Historically, defense stocks have performed well during conflicts, even when the stock market experiences large amounts of volatility and losses. The U.S. aerospace and defense sector is one of the largest in global infrastructure and manufacturing activities.

What is the safest form of stocks? ›

Dividend stocks are considered safer than high-growth stocks, because they pay cash dividends, helping to limit their volatility but not eliminating it. So dividend stocks will fluctuate with the market but may not fall as far when the market is depressed.

What stocks to buy if war breaks out? ›

8 Best Defense Stocks to Buy Now
Defense stockImplied upside over March 21 closing price
Raytheon Technologies Corp. (ticker: RTX)22.4%
Northrop Grumman Corp. (NOC)45.6%
General Dynamics Corp. (GD)37.2%
Leidos Holdings Inc. (LDOS)34.9%
4 more rows
Mar 22, 2023

What are 10 the safest stocks to buy? ›

Starter Stock Portfolio: 15 Safe Stocks To Buy
  • The Home Depot, Inc. (NYSE:HD)
  • Costco Wholesale Corporation (NASDAQ:COST)
  • Walmart Inc. (NYSE:WMT)
  • AbbVie Inc. (NYSE:ABBV)
  • The Procter & Gamble Company (NYSE:PG)
  • Pfizer Inc. (NYSE:PFE)
  • Merck & Co., Inc. (NYSE:MRK)
  • Exxon Mobil Corporation (NYSE:XOM)
Mar 30, 2023

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