The equivalence of A-Levels and BTECs - FFT Education Datalab (2024)

New analysis

This post was published in 2017.

We’ve subsequently looked at the equivalence of A-Levels and reformed BTECs.

Read our updated analysis here.

* Updated 3rd April 2017 following helpful feedback from UCAS*

Last week, the Higher Education Policy Institute published a report on BTECs and university admissions [PDF].

It recognised that much of the increase in the proportion of young people achieving Level 3 – A-Levels or equivalents – by age 19 (see Table 3 here, XLSX) has been driven by increased participation in BTECs and other vocational qualifications.

And colleagues at the Social Market Foundation have previously shown that there was a threefold increase in number of pupils taking a BTEC between 2006 and 2015 (see Figure 3 here, PDF).

The HEPI report advises cautious reform of BTECs, urging policymakers to protect their distinctiveness whilst recognising that “the rise in the number of students achieving the highest grades is cause for concern.”

They also observe that the fact that “some BTECs have grown far more rapidly tha[n] others may reflect the capacity of schools to offer them, rather than particular demand” – although BTECs are far more common in colleges than in schools. In 2016, 76% of BTECs included in post-16 performance tables were entered by students in colleges compared to 28% of entries in A-Levels.

Analysis of 2016 Level 3 attainment data shows that BTECs tend to be taken by students with lower levels of prior attainment.

In the chart below, we have allocated all pupils who reached the end of Level 3 study in 2016 to one of 20 equally sized bands, or vintiles, based on their mean grade in GCSEs at Key Stage 4. It then shows the mean number of entries (in A-Level equivalents) in A-Levels, BTECs and all Level 3 qualifications – which includes other qualifications such as AS-Levels, applied A-Levels and technical certificates.

Mean number of entries in different Level 3 qualifications by GCSE prior attainment

The equivalence of A-Levels and BTECs - FFT Education Datalab (1)

Both the Department for Education and UCAS [PDF]uses points scoring systems to align BTEC grades with A-level grades. These systems are based on information on qualification size and grading published by the regulator, Ofqual.

UCAS has just upgraded its tariff system for 2017 admissions. However, the DfE and UCAS differ in how they align BTECs and A-levels, and these differences are shown in the table below.

Whereas UCAS aligns a distinction in a BTEC to a grade A at A-Level, the DfE only consider it to be midway between grade B and grade C. However, it should be noted that the two points scoring systems serve different purposes, HE admissions and school and college accountability respectively.

BTEC gradeUCAS tariffUCAS equivalence to A-LevelDfE pointsDfE equivalence to A-Level
Starred distinction56A*50A
Distinction48A35Between B and C
Merit32C25Between C and D
Pass16E15Between D and E

Now that performance tables report results in A-Levels separately to applied general qualifications, the DfE system of equivalence is arguably less relevant.

But UCAS points can still be used for university admission, although as the HEPI report makes clear, this varies by institution. UCAS suggests that only around one-third of courses admit on the basis of points, the majority still doing so on the basis of grades.

Nonetheless, the equivalence of BTECs and A-Levels has to be addressed. Is a student who has achieved three distinctions in an extended BTEC Diploma of equivalent ability to a student with three As at A-Level, as a literal interpretation of the UCAS points system implies?

The next chart shows the average UCAS points per entry for BTECs and A-Levels achieved in 2016. In some parts of the KS4 distribution BTECs score the equivalent of two grades higher than A-Levels. Over 30% of BTEC awards are graded starred distinction. These are considered equivalent to A* at A-Level yet under 10% of A-Levels were graded as such.

Average UCAS points per entry by GCSE prior attainment

The equivalence of A-Levels and BTECs - FFT Education Datalab (2)

The picture is further complicated by the fact that there are variations in grades awarded in different subjects. We examined the severity of grading in different A-Levels here. There are also variations between BTECs. Those equivalent to a single A-Level (e.g. a subsidiary diploma) tend to score more highly. We leave this to one side.

I’ve suggested a different set of UCAS points for BTECs in the table below.

BTEC gradeSuggested pointsSuggested equivalence to A-Level
Starred distinction38Between B and C
Distinction32C
Merit24D
Pass16E

These scores work reasonably well for vintiles 1-13 where most BTEC entries are located. But as we’ve capped the maximum BTEC score at 38, A-Level and BTEC scores begin to diverge for students with higher prior attainment.

There may be an argument for extending or reforming the grading scale used for BTEC qualifications. However, this would be a decision that ultimately Ofqual would have to take.

Average UCAS points per entry by GCSE prior attainment using suggested points

The equivalence of A-Levels and BTECs - FFT Education Datalab (3)

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The equivalence of A-Levels and BTECs - FFT Education Datalab (2024)

FAQs

What is a BTEC grade A-level equivalent to? ›

The amount of A-levels a BTEC National is equivalent to depends on how many modules you study. A BTEC Level 3 National Extended Certificate is worth one A-level, while a Level 3 National Diploma is worth two A-levels. The BTEC Level 3 National Extended Diploma is worth three A-levels.

How does BTEC compare to A-levels? ›

A-levels are more academic and classroom-based, while Btecs are more vocational and practical. A-levels give you a broader academic base if you're not totally sure what you want to do later, while Btecs are more focused on a particular career path.

Is a BTEC equivalent to 3 A-levels? ›

BTEC level 3 courses are the same level as A levels, are more vocationally focused than A levels, and include real-life practical tasks and work experiences.

What is A-level 2 BTEC equivalent to? ›

For example, a Level 2 BTEC First Diploma is worth the equivalent of 4 GCSEs grade A*-C. This means a student can do a Level 2 BTEC First independently alongside GCSEs, or work towards them both in the same subject area. These are Level 2 qualifications, the equivalent of traditional GCSEs grades A*- C.

Is a BTEC equivalent to an A-level Reddit? ›

Also, BTECs are not less valued because a level 3 BTEC is equivalent to 3 A levels.

What is a good grade for BTEC? ›

*For BTEC, see BTEC qualifications. 9 to 1 = Grade 9 is the highest grade and 1 is the lowest. Most students would like to achieve a grade 4 or above. A grade 'U' may be awarded, this is where the paper or overall grade has been considered ungradable.

Is BTEC as hard as A-level? ›

Are BTECs easier than A-levels? Don't choose a BTEC expecting an easy life. The top grade – D* – is treated as equivalent to an A* at A-level and the lowest grade – P – is equivalent to an E (a pass at A level). You'll also have to work very steadily throughout your course due to the continuous assessment methods.

How many A-levels is a BTEC Level 3 equivalent to? ›

BTECs at level 3 are equivalent to A levels. Students can study one (or sometimes more) BTEC level 3 qualifications, but always check equivalence information for example: The BTEC Extended or Technical Diploma level 3 is equivalent to 3 A levels. The BTEC Diploma level 3 is equivalent to 2 A levels.

How are BTEC grades calculated? ›

To calculate your BTEC overall grade we: Convert all of the grades you received into points score. Add together the points you scored for all of the mandatory units and select your best scores from any optional units. Any surplus credits will be listed on your Notification of Performance.

Does Oxford accept BTEC? ›

The University of Oxford will accept Btecs alongside A-levels, depending on the course.

Is a BTEC equivalent to a bachelor degree? ›

Level 6 BTECs are the equivalent of an Undergraduate Degree, and are often taught in universities, whilst level 7 BTECs are the equivalent of a Master's Degree. These are often taken by senior managers and people who have developed a very good knowledge of the field they are working in.

What are the disadvantages of BTEC? ›

The Disadvantages of BTECs

If you tend to lose interest and change your mind on what career you would like, then you may struggle with a BTEC as it is entirely focussed on one subject, with little opportunity for variation. This could lead to you having to start a new course all over again.

Does BTEC count as two A-levels? ›

Additionally, a BTEC Subsidiary Diploma counts the same as one A-level, a BTEC Diploma is equivalent to two A-levels, while a BTEC Extended Diploma counts for three A-levels, so you can usually study a mix (either of BTECs or BTECs and A-levels) which suits you.

Is a BTEC Level 2 a diploma? ›

The BTEC First Diploma is a vocational qualification at Level 2. It is the equivalent of 4 GCSE grades A*-C. The course is available from Edexcel and is in many different subjects. This qualification is mainly studied at further education colleges.

What is a double BTEC called? ›

Level 2 Certificate/Diploma

The Level 2 BTEC Extended Certificate/Diplomas are equal to three/four GCSEs at grade 4-9 when completed successfully. This one-year course is offered in a range of vocational areas and combines both practical and theoretical study.

Is BTEC a higher education? ›

A BTEC Higher National Diploma is a designated higher education qualification in the UK that is part of the UK Regulated Qualifications Framework (RQF) and is an employment-oriented qualification.

Is BTEC level 1? ›

This course is designed to provide you with a wide range of knowledge and skills needed for a career in the public services. The Level 1 course is aimed at school leavers who are seeking a broad academic and practical qualification, delivered in an adult environment.

Is BTEC level 5? ›

The Pearson BTEC Level 5 Certificate for Managers and Leaders is designed to support the off-the job training and development of learners on the Operations/Departmental Manager Apprenticeship Standard by helping them to develop and apply the technical and behavioural knowledge and understanding required to become ...

Do universities accept BTEC? ›

A BTEC Level 3 qualification is no different to A Levels when it comes to applying to University.

Can you switch from BTEC to A-level? ›

BTECs come in different sizes and can be equal to one, two or even three A-levels. This flexibility means that you can study them alongside A-levels, rather than feel you have to choose one over the other. Entry requirements: you will usually need at least five GCSEs at grade 4-9 to get on to a level 3 BTEC course.

What is DDD equivalent to in A-levels? ›

A final grade of DDD is equivalent to achieving 3 grade A's at A-level and attracts the same UCAS points for university. It is a popular and successful route into higher education.

Does Cambridge accept BTEC? ›

VCE A Levels, Applied A Levels, GNVQs and BTECs don't provide an appropriate preparation for most Cambridge courses, where the emphasis is more academic than vocational.

Can you mix BTEC and A-levels? ›

Can you take A-levels and Btecs at the same time? Yes you can. When deciding whether to take a combination of Btec and A-levels, you should think about how it might affect what you want to do in the future, particularly when it comes to university.

What is the easiest BTEC? ›

Health and Social Care is one of the easiest A-Level subjects out there. Health and Social Care is technically a BTEC, which means that the whole course is equivalent to two A-Levels.

What is A level 3 equivalent to? ›

Level 3 qualifications are: A level. access to higher education diploma. advanced apprenticeship.

What is A level 3 in BTEC? ›

BTEC International Level 3 offers learners aged 16 and above the knowledge, understanding and skills that they need to prepare for a career, continue in further education, or progress to higher education.

What BTEC courses are Level 3? ›

The BTEC Level 3 Diplomas are broadly equivalent to two/three GCE A Levels. The programme aims to provide students with an in depth understanding of the operations and structures of businesses and also to equip students with the skills required to succeed in employment or at university.

How much is a BTEC worth? ›

The type of award, and the grades for each unit, with dictate how many UCAS points a BTEC is worth, with a Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma Pass worth 40 UCAS points (equivalent to an A level grade E), and a Level 3 Extended Diploma with triple Distinction* being typically worth 420 points (equivalent to three grade 'A*' A ...

What is the grading system for BTEC in the UK? ›

BTEC National Extended Diploma: This particular qualification is worth three A-levels. It includes more content than the other two vocational qualifications, and upon completion, you obtain a triple grade as per the Pass, Merit, and Distinction Grading System.

How does an American get into Oxford? ›

Getting into Oxford is a competitive process; you'll need exceptional academic achievement, as well as a wide range of extracurricular activities and personal qualities. Generally, Oxford has an acceptance rate of approximately 13-17%.

Which Universities in England accept BTEC? ›

University of Nottingham: accepts Btec applicants on most of its courses. University of Oxford: accepts Btec applicants if they have also taken A-levels. Queen Mary University of London: accepts Btec applicants on the majority of its courses. Queen's University Belfast: accepts Btec applicants on many of its courses.

What Universities in London accept BTEC? ›

Queen Mary University of London welcomes applications from students currently studying Level 3 BTEC qualifications and will consider you for entry to the majority of our undergraduate courses.

Is BTEC Level 3 accepted in USA? ›

The BTEC HND, along with IGCSE and A level, is widely recognised and understood in the USA and many institutions will grant advanced entry onto a same-subject degree course. Subject to meeting minimum requirements, these universities will accept BTEC HND students onto degree courses.

What is a BTEC Level 5 equivalent to? ›

They can be studied at various levels, each of which equates to a different qualification: Btec Level 1 and 2 = equivalent to GCSEs. Btec Level 3 = equivalent to A-levels. Btec Level 4-5 = equivalent to 1st and 2nd year of an undergraduate degree.

Are BTeCs Recognised internationally? ›

BTEC Higher National Certificates and Diplomas are internationally-recognised Higher Education qualifications that are equivalent to the first and second years of a UK undergraduate (Hons) degree.

What is BTEC good for? ›

Studying for a BTEC can provide you with valuable industry experience while you learn. This can make it quicker for you to find employment and start earning after school. They focus on practical skills. People who complete BTEC programmes learn practical skills that they can immediately apply in the real world.

Does BTEC expire? ›

If you are successful and your licence is issued, you must produce your BTec qualification within the six month timescale or your licence will expire and not be re-issued.

Is it possible to fail a BTEC? ›

Failing a unit dramatically limits a student's final grade. Some units are 'Core Units' and failing a Core Unit means that a student fails the entire BTEC course.

Is a BTEC a diploma? ›

The BTEC (Business and Technology Education Council) Level 3 diploma is a Further Education qualification and vocational qualification taken in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The qualification is organised and awarded by Pearson within the BTEC brand and it is equivalent to A-Levels.

What level is an A-level? ›

Qualifications at the same level sometimes cover different amounts of the same subject. AS levels and A levels are both level 3, but you study AS levels over 1 year and A levels over 2 years.

What is the difference between btech and advanced diploma? ›

A lot of people ask: is an advanced diploma the same as a bachelor's degree? While the two share some similarities, they are separate qualifications. Compared to a bachelor's degree, an advanced diploma focuses on job-specific practical skills and can usually be completed in a shorter period.

What is a Level 4 BTEC equivalent to? ›

The BTEC Higher National Certificate is an internationally-recognised higher education qualifications at level 4 that is equivalent to the 1st year of a university degree, providing progression to both university and employment.

How long is a BTEC course? ›

How long do BTECs last? If taken as a standalone course, a BTEC will typically take one to two years to complete, depending on if you choose to study full or part time. However, they can also be taken alongside other academic qualifications such as A-levels or as part of an apprenticeship.

What is the highest level of BTEC? ›

There are over 2,000 BTEC qualifications across 16 sectors – they are available from entry level through to professional qualifications at level 7 (equivalent to postgraduate study).

What is a D1 grade equivalent to A-level? ›

Grading
BandGradeA-level equivalence
DistinctionD1is generally associated with a grade above an A*, and so can be equated to an A**
D2A*
D3A*/A
MeritM1A/B
5 more rows

What is a merit equivalent to? ›

Merit = C grade A Level. Distinction = A grade A Level. Distinction* = A* grade A Level.

Is BTEC level 7? ›

These BTEC qualifications are available at Levels 1–3 (Specialist) and at Levels 4–7 (Professional). BTEC Specialist and Professional qualifications give learners the understanding and skills they need to prepare for employment in a sector or job role.

What is a BTEC compared to GCSE grades? ›

The BTEC level 2 Certificate is equivalent to one GCSE at a grade A*- C. If you go further, and take a level 2 Extended Certificate or Diploma, this is the equivalent to four GCSEs, at grade A*- C. For more details about how the different levels of BTEC education work, click here.

What grades are BTEC Level 1 and 2? ›

Important dates
BTEC Level 1/2 FirstsBTEC Level 1/ 2 Tech AwardsBTEC Level 2 Technicals
Level 2 Merit (M)Level 2 Merit (L2M)Merit (M)
Level 2 Pass (P)Level 2 Pass (L2P)Pass (P)
Level 1 Pass (L1)Level 1 Distinction (L1D)
Level 1 Merit (L1M)
2 more rows

Is BTEC lower than GCSE? ›

Each BTEC is equivalent to one GCSE and is recognised by higher education institutions. They tend to offer the chance to get more practical, 'hands-on' learning opportunities, including work experience, to prepare students with transferable skills for future employment.

Does a BTEC count as A-level? ›

Additionally, a BTEC Subsidiary Diploma counts the same as one A-level, a BTEC Diploma is equivalent to two A-levels, while a BTEC Extended Diploma counts for three A-levels, so you can usually study a mix (either of BTECs or BTECs and A-levels) which suits you.

What grade is the BTEC Tech Award equivalent to? ›

A BTEC Tech Award is the equivalent grade to a GCSE and is accepted by colleges for entry onto further higher level courses. It is an excellent way for students to gain invaluable work related skills; vital in this ever increasingly competitive job market.

How to calculate BTEC grade? ›

To calculate your BTEC overall grade we: Convert all of the grades you received into points score. Add together the points you scored for all of the mandatory units and select your best scores from any optional units. Any surplus credits will be listed on your Notification of Performance.

What are the levels of BTEC? ›

BTECs are broken down into three main levels of study:
  • BTEC Firsts are available from entry level to Level 2 (similar standard to GCSEs). ...
  • BTEC Nationals are available from Level 3 (similar standard to A levels). ...
  • BTEC Apprenticeships are available at Levels 2 to 5 across more than 25 sectors.

What is level 2 equivalent to? ›

Level 2 qualifications are: CSE - grade 1. GCSE - grades 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4 or grades A*, A, B, C.

What is the BTEC equivalent in the US? ›

​UNITED STATES AND CANADA

That is, 'two years of undergraduate' and the BTEC Level 7 Professionals as equivalent to 'Graduate Certificates'. That is, one year of the master's degree.

What is a BTEC Level 1 pass equivalent to in GCSE? ›

However, Pearson advises that BTec Tech Awards, which cover Level 1 and 2, are equivalent to GCSE grades A to E under the traditional grading system, while Level 2 BTec Firsts are comparable to grades A* to C in old money.

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