State of Renters and Their Homes (2024)

In this section, we examine what the recent administrative and census data tell us about long- and short-term changes in New York City’s rental market. While more reliable and comprehensive data has a noticeable lag, a frustration for a market that moves as fast as New York City’s has recently, we have some data through 2022. Data show us that as of the end of 2022, eviction filings have been steadily increasing since the eviction moratorium ended, but still remain below pre-pandemic levels. Housing code violations issued by the Department of Housing Preservation and Development were higher than pre-pandemic levels for two years in a row. A survey put out by the Census during the pandemic shows us that the share of New York City tenants with arrears slightly decreased between 2021 and 2022. However, the survey is somewhat limited by low sample sizes. With that, the survey shows that while there is no data available to compare rent arrears to pre-pandemic levels, New York City renters reported a 4.6 percentage point decrease in rent arrears between 2022 and 2021. Other important housing data lags but still offers valuable insight. While increases in median gross rent outpaced median renter household income (indexed to 2007) overall between 2007 and 2019, the difference was closing in the later half of the 2010s. A decline in renter incomes in 2021 and a continued increase in rents in the same year expanded that gap however—this may be a function of actual income declines for renter households, or, a compositional shift in renter households, as a function of higher income households that exited the city during the pandemic.

The overall share of New York City households who rent declined between 2011 to 2021 at double the national rate.

The share of households that live in rental units in New York City decreased by 2 percentage points from 2011 to 2021 (from 68.7% to 66.7%, respectively). While this decrease mirrors nationwide trends, its magnitude is about twice that of the nationwide decrease of 0.8 percentage points. The Bronx, the borough with the highest share of renters, had the smallest decrease in rental share (from 81.0% to 80.4%). Meanwhile, Staten Island, the borough with the lowest share of renters, experienced a decline in rental share in line with the national average (with a decrease of 0.9 percentage points). The borough that experienced the largest decline in the share of rental households was Manhattan (the possibility that these were higher income renters who disproportionately left the market could help explain the overall decline in renter income), where the rate of households in rental units went from 78.1 percent in 2011 to 75.0 percent in 2021. While these trends show that a slightly lower share of households were renters in 2021 compared to 2011, the movement has not been dramatic. New York City remains a majority-renter city: two-thirds of households in New York City are renter households.

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New York City’s median renter household income increased 19.4 percent between 2011 and 2021, with the largest increase of all boroughs taking place in Brooklyn.

In a 10-year period, New York City median renter household real income (2022$) increased by 19.4 percent ($9,187), an increase from the 2011 level in real terms. This is a smaller percent change than on the national level: from 2011 to 2021, the national median renter income increased by 23 percent. Among New York City boroughs, Brooklyn experienced the largest percent change while Staten Island experienced the smallest (37.5% and 1.2%, respectively).

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Between 2011 and 2021, the increase in New York City’s median gross rent slightly outpaced the increase at the national level.

“Gross rent” refers to the legal rent charged on a lease prior to any concessions, plus estimated electricity and heating costs. In New York City, the median gross rent increased by 16.2 percent between 2011 and 2021, compared to 15.9 percent nationwide. Manhattan remains the borough with the highest median gross rent, but Brooklyn saw the highest rate of increase: median rents increased from $1,393 in 2011 to $1,727 in 2021 (24%). The Bronx remains the borough with the lowest median gross rent, and experienced a rate of increase similar to that in Staten Island over the past decade (10 percent and 9.9 percent, respectively).

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Between 2020 and 2021, building owners reported that collected rent in buildings with at least one rent regulated unit decreased in Manhattan, but increased in many areas of the outer boroughs.

The pandemic and economic shutdown dramatically impacted New York City’s rental market in 2020 and 2021. Data from the recently released 2023 Rent Guidelines Board Income and Expense study (which examines 2021 data) shows that between 2020 and 2021, collected rent in buildings with at least one rent regulated unit decreased across most areas in Manhattan and increased across many areas in Brooklyn, the Bronx, Queens, and Staten Island. This shows a continuation of trends identified in last year’s report (which was based on data from 2019 to 2020). The RGB looks at trends in buildings with at least one rent regulated unit - perhaps confusingly, this includes buildings in which the share of rent regulated units is so low that the building operates like a fully market rate rental, as well as newly constructed buildings with rent levels at the market rate. As a result, these geographic differences are more likely indications of where the market experienced declines in rent collections as a result of market-rate tenants being more likely to leave higher cost areas during the pandemic, with rent collections declining in suit. At the same time, rental income in properties in other sections of the city did not appear to be as affected, at least for the median property. It is impossible to discern whether that is a function of lower prevalence of vacancy upon turnover in those areas of the city, relative to core-Manhattan, or that pandemic-era government financial support played a role in ensuring that low- and moderate-income renters could keep up with payments. With collected rents decreasing by 10.6 percent between 2020 and 2021, the Financial District saw the greatest decrease in collected rents within buildings with at least one rent regulated unit. Belmont/East Tremont, St. George/Stapleton, and Hunts Point/Longwood saw the highest increases in collected rent (7.6%, 5.2% and 5.1%, respectively).

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According to StreetEasy data, the median asking rent decreased in most community districts between 2020 and 2021, with a notable cluster of community districts in the Bronx that experienced an increase in median asking rent.

“Asking rent” refers to the rent building owners quote when advertising units available on the market. Among New York City’s 59 community districts, only 13 experienced increases in median asking rents between 2020 to 2021. Of these 13, six are located in the Bronx. The community districts with the three greatest increases in median asking rent from 2020 to 2021 are all located in the Bronx: Throgs Neck/Co-op City, Parkchester/Soundview, and Morrisania/Crotona (with increases of 12.9%, 9.8%, and 7.0%, respectively). These data are not necessarily representative of the full range of New York City’smarket because they only cover the types of apartments listed on StreetEasy. For that reason they should be interpreted with caution.

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The share of New York City households that were rent burdened remained fairly constant between 2011 and 2021.

A household is considered “moderately rent burdened” if the household spends thirty percent or more of their income on rent, and “severely rent burdened” if the household spends fifty percent or more of their income on rent. The share of New York City households that were rent burdened stayed fairly constant - going from 54.5 percent in 2011, to 54.1 percent in 2021. When we break out households by income, we find that extremely low-income households consistently make up the highest shares of households that experience rent burden, while middle income households consistently experience the lowest share of the groups measured. Very low-income households (31-50% AMI) saw the largest percentage point change in rent burden from 2011 to 2021, with a 4.0 percentage point increase in the share of those with moderate rent burden and a 5.1 percentage point decrease in the share of those experiencing severe rent burden.

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Real median renter household income plummeted after 2019, reversing a five-year trend of real median renter household income growing faster than median gross rent.

Between 2014 and 2019, the gap in growth between median gross rent and median renter household income gradually closed, with the growth of median renter household income having outpaced the rent growth. This trend broke after 2019. Real median renter household income decreased from 119 percent of its 2007 level in 2019 to 110 percent of its 2007 level in 2021. During the same period, median gross rent rose at a similar rate as that of the previous decade. The reason for steep income declines could be a shift in the composition of renters (with incomes falling because of higher income renters leaving the city during the pandemic–see discussion above of disproportionately large decrease of renters in Manhattan), or, it could be that incomes for renters declined overall.

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The record-high number of housing code violations issued by the Department of Housing Preservation and Development issued in 2021 persisted into 2022.
The rate of new housing code violations remained similar between 2021 and 2022, going from 351.0 violations per 1,000 privately-owned rental units in 2021 to 351.8 violations per 1,000 privately-owned rental units in 2022. Serious housing code violations–defined as violations that are immediately hazardous or serious–increased between 2021 to 2022 (from 88 per 1,000 privately-owned rental units to 100.1 per 1,000, respectively). The notablylow numbers of housing code violations in 2020 may be due in part to the impact of the pandemic and concerns about transmission during housing code inspections. While last year we noted that it was unclear if 2021 was a year of HPD catching up on violations that normally would have been given in 2020, 2022’s data shows that the high level has sustained.

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Monthly eviction filings in 2022 remained below pre-pandemic levels, but were above 2020 and 2021 levels.

By the end of January 2022, COVID-era eviction moratoria from state and federal sources such as the Governor’s Executive Order 202.8, New York’s COVID-19 Emergency Eviction and Foreclosure Prevention Act, and the nationwide eviction moratorium mandated by the Centers for Disease Control had ended. Monthly eviction filings in 2022 are thus higher than 2021 and most of 2020. Still, 2022 monthly eviction filings remain consistently lower than the average monthly evictions seen between 2017 and 2019. For a detailed timeline of the various eviction moratoria affecting eviction in New York City, see our eviction tracker.

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The Bronx, eastern Queens, and central Brooklyn experienced the highest rates of eviction filings in 2022.

Rates of eviction filing ranged widely throughout New York City in 2022, from rates as low as 0 eviction filings per 1,000 units in places including the Rockaway Peninsula to 200.6 eviction filings per 1,000 units near Springfield Gardens, Rochdale, and South Jamaica. Large portions of the Bronx experienced high rates of eviction filings, as well as Brooklyn neighborhoods in and near Flatbush and Queens neighborhoods in and near Jamaica.

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In 2022, the percent of households with rental arrears appeared to be below 2020 and 2021 levels.

Citywide, 19 percent of renters reported arrears in the U.S. Census Bureau's Household Pulse Survey in 2022. This share represents a 4.6 percentage point decrease from 2021 levels, and a 1.7 percentage point decrease from 2020 levels. The Pulse Survey is a new Census product that started in response to the pandemic, and thus cannot provide data to offer a pre-pandemic baseline comparison. It is worth noting that the sample size of this survey is relatively small - for that reason, it might be interpreted that shares of tenants reporting rent arrears have not changed all that much year over year.

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State of Renters and Their Homes (2024)

FAQs

What percentage of the US population are renters? ›

If you're wondering, "what percent of americans rent", you've come to the right place. Today we'll show you how many americans rent. Did you know that 36% of American households currently rent their home?

What percentage of Americans are landlords? ›

1. 10.6 Million Americans Earn Income from Rental Properties. Approximately 10.6 million American tax filers declared rental income when they filed their taxes. That means about 7.1% of 1040 filers could potentially be landlords.

Why are more people renting? ›

High cost of homeownership and a tight housing market drive demand for rental properties.

Are there more renters or homeowners in the US? ›

Renters Key Stats. 65.8% of the U.S. population lives in a home they own, and 34.2% rent.

Where are the most renters in the US? ›

Many residents in Northeast states are renters. The company IPX1031 found in a recent report that the highest percentage of renters in the U.S. can be found on the East Coast.

What percent of Americans get evicted? ›

The national average eviction rate was 2.6 percent.

More than 900,000 renter households were evicted from their homes each year.

How many Americans are not paying rent? ›

A LendingTree analysis of U.S. Census Bureau Household Pulse Survey data found that more than eight million U.S. adults live in a household not caught up on rent payments. While millions of people are behind on their rent, about 3.6 million adults are living in households not being charged rent.

How old are most landlords? ›

While most rental property owners were senior citizens, today's landlords are as young as 40 years with 27% between 30 and 40 and 8% 20 to 30 years old. However, factors such as race and gender affect the average age of landlords.

How many homes in the US are rented? ›

After a cooldown early in the pandemic, rental housing markets heated up again in 2021. The Housing Vacancy Survey put the number of renter households at 44.0 million in the third quarter of the year, an increase of about 870,000 households from the first quarter of 2020.

Do millennials prefer to rent or buy? ›

The number of millionaire renters has tripled in the past five years. More and more millionaires are stepping on the everyman's corner and renting apartments rather than putting down roots and money to become homeowners.

Are millennials buying or renting? ›

Millennials Make Historic Switch From Renter-Majority to Homeowner-Majority Generation. With 52% of Millennials owning a home, the largest generation in the nation transitioned from renter-majority to owner-majority in 2022.

What is the main reason to avoid renting to own? ›

A major disadvantage of renting to own is that renters lose their down payment and other non-refundable charges if they decide not to purchase the home. Some sellers may even take advantage of renters by making it difficult or unappealing to purchase the home — with the goal of keeping the down payment.

What race rents the most? ›

One big disparity among renters is race and ethnicity. Nationwide, about 58% of households headed by Black or African American adults rent their homes, as do nearly 52% of Hispanic- or Latino-led households, according to Pew Research Center's analysis of census data.

Are rents falling in the US? ›

Rent prices are continuing to slow down, according to the latest data from the real estate website Zillow's rental report for May 2023. The price of asking rents increased by 0.6% from April to May, the report shows. It's the same increase as the one from March to April.

Why are homeowners richer than renters? ›

A monthly mortgage payment is often considered a forced savings account that helps homeowners build a net worth about 40 times higher than that of a renter.” Along with these wealth gains, homeowners also saw their debt drop by 21% over the last decade, the report shows.

What is the highest rent city in the USA? ›

The most expensive rental market in the US remains to be New York. The average monthly rent for a one-bedroom is roughly $3,260. This is about a $500 decrease from 2021, however as demand continues to increase prices are likely to follow.

What state is best to live in rent? ›

North Dakota, South Dakota and Iowa are the best states for renters. California, Massachusetts and Nevada are the worst states for renters. Overall median rent ranges from $1,774 to $770 per month in Hawaii and West Virginia, respectively.

Where are the most evictions? ›

States Where Renters Are at Highest Risk of Eviction
RankStatePercent of Renters Behind on Rent Payments
1South Carolina33.9%
2Florida20.2%
3Maryland27.3%
4Arizona22.7%
47 more rows

What is the rent crisis in the US? ›

There is a shortage of 7.3 million affordable and available rental homes for renters with extremely low incomes in the US, up 8 percent from 6.8 million in 2019. The lack of housing options for renters with extremely low incomes are driving the overall affordable housing shortage across the country.

What is the rent problem in the US? ›

The average American renter is now paying more than 30 percent of their income on housing, as wages have failed to keep up with rent hikes and affordable units remain scarce, a new report shows. The nation is falling short of the demand for affordable housing by at least a million homes in some estimates.

What state has the least evictions? ›

The states with the lowest eviction rates were New Mexico, Virginia and Hawaii, according to the study. For its analysis of laws benefiting renters, ConsumerAffairs used 2018 research from Rentcafe that looked at 10 common aspects of the landlord-tenant relationship by state and the laws that defined it.

What state has the most renters behind? ›

California had the most renting households with 5.73 million, or 13.6 percent of the nation's 42 million rental homes. Tenants in California make up 44 percent of households in the state, the third-largest share of renters behind. D.C., at 58 percent, and New York at 45 percent.

Are Americans struggling to pay rent? ›

Americans across the country are spending more than they can afford on rent, according to a report from Realtor.com. The February Rental Report found that despite a slight decrease in rent prices, affordability continued to get worse in 26 major metros.

How many Americans can afford a house? ›

GREENVILLE, N.C. (WNCT) – A new study from the website Craftjack looks into how the United States is buying homes in 2023. The study showed that 61 percent of Americans can't afford to buy a house in this current market.

How much do most landlords make? ›

Landlord Salary in California
Annual SalaryHourly Wage
Top Earners$115,059$55
75th Percentile$94,495$45
Average$76,650$37
25th Percentile$46,513$22

How long do most renters stay? ›

So, how long does a Tenant stay? A quick google search will tell you that for a single-family rental in the United States, you should expect an average tenancy to last about 3 years. And a multi-family/apartment should stay occupied for roughly 2.5 years. So now you have a benchmark by which to judge your performance.

How old is the average homeowner? ›

In 2022, the average age of first-time homebuyers was 36, according to the National Association of Realtors (NAR). This is up from 33 in 2021.

What is the rent burden? ›

What is rent burden? Rent burden is defined as spending more than 30 percent of household income on rent.

What does the average American pay for rent? ›

What is the average rent in the U.S.? The average rent for an apartment in the U.S. is $1,702. The cost of rent varies depending on several factors, including location, size, and quality.

How many Americans own a second home? ›

How Many Homes in the U.S. are Second Homes? Through our analysis we found that there are at least 2.64 million second homes in the U.S. that are for seasonal, recreational, or occasional use. How many homes are there in the United States?

Are more millionaires renting? ›

There have been more millionaire renters in recent years than ever before. A RentCafe analysis found that the number of renter households with incomes of more than $1 million reached a record high of 3,381 in 2020 — three times as many as there were in 2015.

Why millennials are struggling to buy homes? ›

Millennials, aged 27 to 42, make up the biggest group citing affordability as one of the key issues that's preventing them from buying a home. Older millennials, between 34 and 42, were the biggest group that cited the inability to afford the down payment or closing costs as a major reason why they don't own a home.

How much are millennials paying for rent? ›

This means millennials are spending a median 45% of their income on rent—far higher than the 30% cost-burden threshold.

Is it smarter to buy or rent? ›

Buying a house gives you ownership, privacy and home equity, but the expensive repairs, taxes, interest and insurance can really get you. Renting a home or apartment is lower maintenance and gives you more flexibility to move. But you may have to deal with rent increases, loud neighbors or a grumpy landlord.

Why can't Gen Z buy a house? ›

Of the Gen Zers surveyed, income was the biggest challenge of buying a home, with 23.3% reporting it as holding them back from homeownership. Among other reasons, 14.6% of Gen Z reported home prices as their biggest challenge and 11.9% reported their current savings amount as a roadblock to buying a home.

Do 77% of people in the US prefer to rent instead of buying a home? ›

77% of the people in the US prefer to rent instead of buying a home. The average gross rent was $1,164 in 2019. Rent prices nationwide increased by almost 50% from 2007 to 2017. 127 working hours is the weekly requirement for minimum wage earners to afford the average apartment.

Is renting ever better than owning? ›

If you're only going to live in a place for only a year or two, renting makes more sense. However, if you're going to stay there for three years or more, then buying would be a good idea and it becomes a better idea the longer you stay.

What is the biggest risk of owning a rental property? ›

#1: Vacancy Rates

The biggest and most common risk that real estate investors need to consider is high vacancy rates! Tenants will be the primary income source for all your rental properties. So, if you want them to make money, you need to keep your property occupied!

Why you should keep your rental property? ›

Protection Against Inflation

Owning a rental property is a safe investment and an even better asset that can make money during periods of high inflation. It gains value when inflation is high and creates cash flow from renting during any economic period. It's really a win-win.

What race has lowest income? ›

However, because of the differences in family structure across groups, black families have the lowest median income ($12,500) while Hispanic families have the highest ($18,700). For all groups, earnings increase with educational attainment.

What percentage of black people rent? ›

According to 2019 Census data, 58% of Black American households are rented.

Where are people renting homes the most? ›

The highest percentage of renters in the U.S. can be found on the East Coast. Newark, New Jersey ranks number one with 79.15%.

Why is rent so high in the US right now? ›

Why is rent so high in the US right now? Over the past two years, the U.S. median rent rose by 18%. That was mostly because a competitive housing market and higher mortgage rates shut many people out of home buying. A strong jobs market and shortage of inventory also contributed to rising rent.

Why is rent so expensive in the US? ›

Reasons why rent is so high range from general inflation to fewer housing units being constructed in recent years to plain, old high demand for housing — and much more. Read on for a closer look at why rent is so expensive in the U.S.

Can you negotiate rent? ›

The short answer is, yes. You can negotiate your rent. When you're renting an apartment, the price you pay isn't set in stone. But before you even consider negotiating, you need to make sure you know why you're asking for a discount.

Do most Americans own or rent? ›

Homeowner vs.

In the under-35 age group, 65% of American households are rented. Meanwhile, in the 65+ age group (senior citizens), 79.3% own a home. The median age of homebuyers is 47 years old, while the median age of renters is 38 years old. A whopping 64% of millennials who own homes regret their purchase of a home.

Do millionaires pay off their house? ›

Most have paid off their mortgages. In 2020, 58% of the state's equity millionaires owned their homes free and clear. Statewide, there has been a dramatic rise in the number of Californians who have paid off their mortgages, from 1.6 million households in 2000 to 2.4 million in 2020.

How many houses do most landlords own? ›

Half of All Landlords Manage Their Own Properties

The remaining 11% consists of landlords that manage, but don't own their properties. On average, landlords have three properties to their name.

What percentage of the US population owns their own home? ›

Top Home Ownership Statistics In America: 65.8% of Americans own a home as of 2022. Some 74 million Americans, or about 27%, live in a condo or HOA property.

What percentage of homeowners have no mortgage? ›

After California comes New York at 1.7 million and Pennsylvania at 1.5 million. Yet no-mortgage owners in California are only 33% of all homeowners – and only four places have a smaller share: D.C. at 24%, Maryland at 28% and Colorado and Utah at 30%.

What is the homeownership rate in the US over time? ›

Since 1960 the homeownership rate has remained in the 61- to 65-percent range. After slow growth from 1960 to 1980, the rate fell to 63.9 percent in 1990. Part of the decline between the 1980 and 1990 censuses can be explained by the undercount adjustment, a first-time ever adjustment by the Census Bureau.

What percentage of US homes are owned by investors? ›

According to data reported by the PEW Trust and originally gathered by CoreLogic, as of 2022, investment companies own about one fourth of all single-family homes. Last year, investor purchases accounted for 22% of American homes sold. This is significantly down from the 80% number in 2020-2021, why is this?

How many blacks own homes in America? ›

While the U.S. homeownership rate increased to 65.5% in 2021, the rate among Black Americans lags significantly (44%), has only increased 0.4% in the last 10 years and is nearly 29 percentage points less than White Americans (72.7%), representing the largest Black-White homeownership rate gap in a decade.

How many Americans own their homes free and clear? ›

A third of California homeowners own their properties free and clear. Nearly 2.4 million homeowners across the state in 2021 had no property mortgage, the third highest among the states and Washington, D.C., the Orange County Register reported.

What percentage of Americans have a mortgage? ›

Accounting for 70% of all American debt, mortgage debt carries the highest total at $10.44 trillion. Forty-two percent of households have mortgages. (That's over 51.5 million total American households). And the average mortgage debt in our country is $202,454.

How many Americans are debt-free? ›

Fewer than one quarter of American households live debt-free.

Is paying your house off smart? ›

Paying off your mortgage early can save you a lot of money in the long run. Even a small extra monthly payment can allow you to own your home sooner. Make sure you have an emergency fund before you put your money toward your loan.

What age should house be paid off? ›

In fact, O'Leary insists that it's a good idea to be debt-free by age 45 -- and that includes having your mortgage paid off. Of course, it's one thing to shed a credit card balance by age 45. But many people don't first buy a home until they reach their 30s.

Is home ownership in the US declining? ›

The decline in homeownership halted between: 2012 and 2016 for householders with less than a high school education (19.9% to 20.8%). 2016 and 2018 for those with a high school degree (30.8% to 31.4%).

What state has the lowest home ownership? ›

Only about 7 million of California's roughly 40 million residents own their homes, the lowest rate of home ownership in the United States, according to a new study. The study, conducted by Ruby Home Luxury Real Estate, analyzed U.S. Census data to determine the rate of home ownership across the country.

What percentage of houses are paid off? ›

According to Census Bureau data, over 38 percent of owner-occupied housing units are owned free and clear.

Why are investors buying up all the houses? ›

Investors piled into the housing market in 2021 due to rock-bottom mortgage rates and surging housing demand, and are now retreating amid projections that home prices have room to fall.

Why is Black Rock buying up homes? ›

The company can build equity.

If the company has borrowed money to purchase the house, it can build equity over time, essentially increasing the percentage of the home it owns outright and can then borrow against later on.

Are investors causing the housing shortage? ›

Many factors have influenced this unusual market, of course. But one that affects the housing shortage in particular is institutional real estate investment. Institutional investors purchased 13.2 percent of all properties sold in 2021, according to a 2022 report by the National Association of Realtors (NAR).

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