II. Ranking Latino Populations in the States (2024)

Mapping the Latino Population, By State, County and City

Hispanic Population

More than half (55%) of the U.S. Hispanic population resides in three states: California, Texas, and Florida. California has the nation’s largest Hispanic population, with about 14.4 million Hispanics. California’s Hispanic population alone accounts for more than one-fourth (28%) of U.S. Hispanics.
Eight states have a Hispanic population of over one million: California, Texas, Florida, New York, Illinois, Arizona, New Jersey, and Colorado.²
In New Mexico, Hispanics make up 46.7% of the state’s population, the highest Hispanic population share among the 50 states and District of Columbia. Maine, West Virginia, and Vermont were among those with the lowest Hispanic population shares, at 1% each.
Over the last decade, some of the fastest growing Latino populations are in the southeastern U.S.
States that have experienced the largest percentage increases in their Latino populations all have Latino populations of less than 1 million.
As a group, the 10 states with the fastest growing Hispanic populations together accounted for 11% of the growth in the nation’s Hispanic population between 2000 and 2011. By contrast, the 10 most populous Hispanic states together accounted for 69% of the growth in the nation’s Hispanic population during the same period.
Alabama’s Hispanic population grew 158% between 2000 and 2011, more than any other state.
Among all states and the District of Columbia, New York had the smallest Hispanic population percentage growth with an increase of 22% between 2000 and 2011. No state experienced a decline in its Hispanic population during the period.

Hispanic Origin

Mexicans are the largest Hispanic origin group in seven of the top 10 largest states by Hispanic population. The exceptions are New York, where Puerto Ricans are the largest Hispanic group, making up 33% of the state’s Hispanic population; New Jersey, where Puerto Ricans are the largest Hispanic origin group and make up 29% of New Jersey’s Hispanic population; and Florida where Cubans are the largest Hispanic origin group, accounting for three-in-ten (30%) Hispanics in the state.
The diversity of Hispanic origin varies widely by state, where the dominant group accounts for 29% to 91% of the state’s Hispanic population (among the top 10 states by Hispanic population) and between 5% and 33% of a state’s total population.
Mexicans are the largest Hispanic origin group in the U.S., accounting for 65% of the Hispanic population. However in 11 states—Florida, New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Hawaii, Maryland, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts and Rhode Island—Mexicans are not the dominant Hispanic group.³

Nativity

More than half (54%) of Hispanics in the District of Columbia are foreign born, a share greater than any of the 50 states. Among North Dakota’s Hispanics, 6% are foreign born, the lowest share among the 50 states and the District of Columbia.
The ranking by foreign-born Hispanic population, though, tells a different story. California has more Hispanic immigrants—5.4 million—than any other state. Overall, they make up 37% of the state’s Hispanic population.

As an expert in demographic trends and population mapping, I bring a wealth of knowledge in understanding and interpreting demographic data, especially as it pertains to the Latino population in the United States. My expertise is rooted in analyzing comprehensive data sets, interpreting trends, and providing insights into the geographic distribution of populations. Now, let's delve into the concepts used in the article, "Mapping the Latino Population, By State, County and City" by Anna Brown and Mark Hugo Lopez.

Hispanic Population Distribution:
See Also
15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Voting Rights (1870)
- Top Three States: California, Texas, and Florida collectively host over half (55%) of the U.S. Hispanic population.
- California's Dominance: California alone has the largest Hispanic population, comprising 14.4 million Hispanics, which is 28% of the national Hispanic population.
State-Level Hispanic Populations:
- States with Over One Million Hispanics: In addition to the top three, there are five more states with a Hispanic population exceeding one million: New York, Illinois, Arizona, New Jersey, and Colorado.
- New Mexico's High Percentage: New Mexico stands out with Hispanics making up 46.7% of the state's total population, the highest among all states and the District of Columbia.
- Lowest Hispanic Population Shares: States like Maine, West Virginia, and Vermont have the lowest Hispanic population shares at 1% each.
Latino Population Growth Trends:
- Fastest Growing Latino Populations: Southeastern U.S. states have experienced some of the fastest-growing Latino populations over the last decade.
- 10 States with Fastest Growth: These states collectively contributed 11% to the nation's Hispanic population growth from 2000 to 2011, while the 10 most populous Hispanic states contributed 69% during the same period.
- Alabama's Exceptional Growth: Alabama recorded the highest growth at 158% between 2000 and 2011.
Hispanic Origin Groups:
- Dominant Groups in Largest States: Mexicans are the largest Hispanic origin group in seven of the top 10 states, except New York (Puerto Ricans), New Jersey (Puerto Ricans), and Florida (Cubans).
- Variety in Hispanic Origin: The dominance of a specific Hispanic origin group varies widely by state, ranging from 29% to 91% of the state's Hispanic population.
Mexicans as the Largest Hispanic Origin Group:
- Overall Dominance: Mexicans constitute 65% of the U.S. Hispanic population.
- Exceptions: In 11 states, including Florida, New York, and New Jersey, Mexicans are not the dominant Hispanic group.
Nativity of Hispanics:
- Foreign-Born Population: Over half (54%) of Hispanics in the District of Columbia are foreign-born, the highest share among all states and the District.
- Lowest Foreign-Born Share: North Dakota has the lowest share at 6% among Hispanics.
- California's Significance: California houses the highest number of Hispanic immigrants (5.4 million), accounting for 37% of the state's Hispanic population.

By synthesizing and comprehending these concepts, we gain a nuanced understanding of the demographic landscape of the U.S. Hispanic population, its distribution across states, growth patterns, and the diversity within Hispanic origin groups.