How to Build an Entire Portfolio With Only the Best Vanguard Funds (2024)

There are so many great Vanguard funds on the market that it can be hard to decide how to build a portfolio with them. The trick is to narrow down the options to a few funds, choosing those that work best for your needs. There are options for every type of investor.

Vanguard might be the go-to source for investing in index funds. It offers a broad base of high-quality, low-cost funds to choose from. Some are the best actively managed funds that money can buy. Most people can build a strong portfolio using only Vanguard funds.

Start With the Right Structure

It can be helpful to review a simple, but effective, structure called the "core and satellite" before beginning to choose the best Vanguard funds. Your portfolio is built around a "core holding" with this strategy. A large-cap stock index mutual fund represents the biggest portion of the portfolio. Other types of funds, called the "satellite holdings," make up smaller portions. They balance out the risk level.

Note

The satellites usually consist of funds from various categories, such as foreign stocks, small-cap stocks, bond funds, and sometimes sector funds.

The prime objective of this portfolio design is to reduce risk through diversification. In other words, you're putting your eggs in different baskets. Your goal is to achieve this while outperforming a standard benchmark for performance, such as the S&P 500 Index.

A Sample Portfolio

We can look at an example that serves as a model, now that we have a smart design for our portfolio of Vanguard funds:

  • 35% Vanguard 500 Index Admiral Shares (VFIAX): Large-cap U.S. stocks
  • 15% Vanguard Total International Stock Index Admiral Shares (VTIAX): Foreign stocks
  • 10% Vanguard Explorer (VEXPX): Small-cap stocks
  • 5% Vanguard Health Care (VGHCX): Health sector
  • 35% Vanguard Total Bond Market Index Admiral Shares (VBTLX): Bonds

This blend of Vanguard funds is an example of a moderate portfolio. It would be a good fit for an investor who has a somewhat high risk tolerance and can invest for at least five years. A holder of this blend should be willing to accept periods of modest market volatility in exchange for the chance that returns would outpace inflation by a healthy margin. The asset allocation breakdown is 65% stocks and 35% bonds.

Note

Using sector funds such as VGHCX is an option. Be sure to keep the allocation around 5% for each sector, and try not to exceed a total of 15% allocation to sectors if others are added. For example, you might allocate 5% to three different sector funds.

The Lazy Option

This model includes actively managed Vanguard funds as well as index funds. But you might like the idea of investing only in Vanguard's index funds. They have extremely low expense ratios, and they track their benchmarks. These features reduce the manager risk of actively managed funds. They don't require your active attention to make sure everything is correctly allocated.

Some investors call a portfolio of index funds a "lazy portfolio" because of the passive nature of index funds. An example of a lazy portfolio of Vanguard funds might include 40% Vanguard Total Stock Market Index Fund Admiral Shares (VTSAX), 30% Vanguard Total International Stock Index Fund Admiral Shares (VTIAX), and 30% Vanguard Total Bond Market Index Fund Admiral Shares (VBTLX).

This moderate allocation is made up of 70% stocks and 30% bonds. You don't have to pay extra fees for someone to actively watch each fund's mix to ensure that it's performing the way you want. You can be secure in knowing that the index funds will follow the market index on which they're modeled.

The Bottom Line

Be sure you're using a diverse mix of mutual fund categories, no matter which Vanguard funds you choose. You want each to perform well under different market conditions.

Index funds that are available only as Admiral Shares require a minimum investment of $3,000. You could also invest in exchange traded funds (ETFs) that follow the same investing strategy. Here are the alternatives suggested by Vanguard:

Index Funds Now Closed to New InvestorsEquivalent Admiral Shares FundETF
Vanguard 500 Index (VFINX)Vanguard 500 Index Fund Admiral Shares (VFIAX)Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO)
Vanguard Total Stock Market Index Fund Investor Shares (VTSMX)Vanguard Total Stock Market Index Fund Admiral Shares (VTSAX)Vanguard Total Stock Market ETF (VTI)
Vanguard Total Bond Market Index Fund Investor Shares (VBMFX)Vanguard Total Bond Market Index Fund Admiral Shares (VBTLX)Vanguard Total Bond Market ETF (BND)
Vanguard Total International Stock Index Fund Investor Shares (VGTSX)Vanguard Total International Stock Index Fund Admiral Shares (VTIAX)Vanguard Total International Stock ETF (VXUS)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

How do you invest in Vanguard funds?

You can invest in Vanguard mutual funds by opening an account directly with Vanguard. Vanguard also offers ETF versions of many of its funds, and those are widely available. Most brokerage accounts should offer access to popular Vanguard ETFs like the Vanguard 500 (VOO). Some brokerages also offer access to Vanguard mutual fund shares, but you may pay extra fees if you're investing in Vanguard mutual funds through a competing fund company.

What are the best performing Vanguard funds?

Based on 10-year average annual returns, the top-performing Vanguard fund is the actively managed U.S. large-cap growth fund (VWUSX) at 20.74%. The passively managed large-cap growth index fund (VIGAX) comes in second with 19.32%. Two closed funds come next, Capital Opportunity (VHCAX) and PRIMECAP (VPMAX). Rounding out the top five is the Explorer fund (VEXPX) at 17.13%.

What time do Vanguard mutual funds update their NAV?

Mutual funds update their net asset values (NAV) and execute trade orders after markets close every day. There isn't a set time, and some days may have earlier updates than others. You can usually expect to see the figures updated in your account by 6 p.m. EST. Trades may not be reflected in your account immediately, but the updated NAV will let you know the price at which your trade will execute.

Why did Vanguard funds drop today?

Vanguard funds are baskets of investments, and the value of the fund will move up and down, depending on what happens with those investments. If you want to get a sense of whether a Vanguard fund is likely to rise or fall on a given day, take a look at the index it tracks. If you hold Vanguard 500 shares, for example, you can watch the S&P 500 index to learn whether your shares will rise or fall. Stock and bond price move up and down due to market forces and broader economic conditions.

The Balance does not provide tax, investment, or financial services or advice. The information is being presented withoutconsideration of the investment objectives, risk tolerance, or financial circ*mstances of any specific investor and might not be suitable for all investors. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Investing involves risk, including the possible loss of principal.

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The Balance uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

How to Build an Entire Portfolio With Only the Best Vanguard Funds (2024)

FAQs

Is it safe to have all my money at Vanguard? ›

Money market funds and other securities held in the Vanguard Brokerage Account are eligible for SIPC coverage. Securities in your brokerage account are protected up to $500,000. To learn more, visit the SIPC's website.

How many funds should I invest in Vanguard? ›

So, what's the magic number? There isn't a strict rule, but between five and 10 funds is usually a good idea. That lets you allocate money to different types of funds and markets without doubling up too much. It's also a manageable number to monitor and won't cost you too much in trading fees.

How many funds make an ideal portfolio? ›

Unless you are very well versed with the markets and have expert knowledge about mutual funds, a good rule of thumb would be to own: Large Cap Mutual Funds: Up to 2. Maybe 3 at best. Beyond that, it doesn't make sense as there will be a great overlap in the shares owned by your mutual funds.

Should I have an all ETF portfolio? ›

You don't have to choose just one. Once you know the basics of ETFs, you can consider building an all-ETF portfolio that meets your tolerance for risk and your financial goals while retaining the low investing fees that made ETFs so popular in the first place.

What happens to my money if Vanguard goes out of business? ›

The securities that underlie the funds are held by a custodian, not by Vanguard. Vanguard is paid by the funds to provide administration and other services. If Vanguard ever did go bankrupt, the funds would not be affected and would simply hire another firm to provide these services.

Why are investors pulling money from Vanguard? ›

When the market cratered, investors withdrew $16.4 billion from Vanguard's index mutual funds. What accounts for remaining index mutual fund outflows? Johnson says it could be clients pulling out money because they're retiring, or because they're negatively affected by the pandemic.

What is considered high net worth at Vanguard? ›

Investors with $1 million to $5 million*

You're a Flagship client at Vanguard, which means you get personalized services reserved for our high-net-worth investors. Helping you look at your wealth holistically is important to us.

What ISA good portfolio mix? ›

One of the first things you learn as a new investor is to seek the best portfolio mix. Many financial advisors recommend a 60/40 asset allocation between stocks and fixed income to take advantage of growth while keeping up your defenses.

What is the best portfolio allocation? ›

The 60/40 portfolio dictates a simple split of your assets— 60% for stocks and 40% for bonds. This asset allocation is simple to apply and understand, which may appeal to investors who prefer more of a hands-off approach.

What is the 5% portfolio rule? ›

The Five Percent Rule is a simple strategy that involves investing no more than 5% of one's portfolio in any single investment. This approach is based on the principle that by limiting the exposure to any one investment, investors can reduce the risk of significant losses.

Is 30 stocks too many in a portfolio? ›

Typically people are advised to diversify their portfolio of stocks by investing in 20–30 companies. Doing this limits the downside risk should certain companies perform badly. Some people invest in 50 stocks while others invest in 5.

Is it better to invest in one mutual fund or multiple? ›

The decision to invest in one fund or multiple funds depends on your investment goals, risk tolerance, and diversification strategy. Investing in one fund can be simpler and more straightforward, while multiple funds can offer broader diversification across different assets and sectors.

Is 20 ETFs too many? ›

How many ETFs are enough? The answer depends on several factors when deciding how many ETFs you should own. Generally speaking, fewer than 10 ETFs are likely enough to diversify your portfolio, but this will vary depending on your financial goals, ranging from retirement savings to income generation.

Which is better VTI or VOO? ›

VTI is a total U.S. market fund and holds more than 3,500 stocks. VTI is better diversified and benefits from small and mid-cap stocks that grow into large caps. VOO is less diversified, tracking the performance of the S&P 500 Index. VOO excludes small and mid-cap stocks.

Is 4 ETFs too many? ›

Experts agree that for most personal investors, a portfolio comprising 5 to 10 ETFs is perfect in terms of diversification. But the number of ETFs is not what you should be looking at.

How much of your money is protected in Vanguard? ›

Rest easy knowing the cash in your Vanguard Cash Plus bank sweep is eligible for FDIC coverage up to $1.25 million for individual accounts and $2.5 million for joint accounts.

Should I leave money in Vanguard Settlement fund? ›

While you're not required to have a balance in your settlement fund at all times, keeping some money in the settlement fund has these advantages: You're more likely to have money to pay for purchases on the settlement date, when your account will be debited for the amount you owe.

How safe is a Vanguard account? ›

At Vanguard, all customers are covered by the US investor protection scheme called SIPC. The SIPC investor protection scheme shields you from the loss of cash and securities in case the broker goes bust. The limit of SIPC protection is $500,000, which includes a $250,000 limit for cash.

How safe is Vanguard brokerage account? ›

Brokerage accounts hold investments such as stocks, bonds, and mutual funds, which aren't insured by the FDIC. Vanguard accounts are protected by Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC) insurance. This insurance covers up to $500,000 in securities and up to $250,000 in cash if the firm fails.

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