Working in the U.S.
International students enrolled full time and in valid F-1 status can generally work on-campus for up to 20 hours per week during when classes are in session, and up to 40 hours per weekwhen classes are not. The United States has strict rulesfor international students who want to workduring their studies.Students in valid F-1 cannot be employed off-campus without meeting eligibility requirements and obtaining official authorization. Immigration regulations severely limit the international student's eligibility to accept employment off-campus. Students found working illegally are failing to maintain their F-1 student and risk losing their F-1 student status.
U.S. Social Security Number
In the United States, aSocial Security number(SSN) is a 9-digit number issued to citizens and eligible non-citizens. Its primary purpose is to track individuals for taxation purposes. A SSN is important because you need it to get a job on-campus and off-campus. Many other businesses, such as cell phone companies, banks and credit companies, also ask for your SSN. You cannot apply for aSSN until youhave ajob offer andan employer cannot pay you until you provide them with yourSSN.
To apply for a SSN, bring the following documents to the Social Security Office, located at 437 Main Street in Dunkirk, NY:
- A letter from your employer, on company letterhead, stating the job title, work hours, start date andrate of pay.
- A letter fromyour the International Student Services Office confirming your eligibility to work.
- Your passport, F-1 visa and I-94 number.
- Your Form I-20.
- The SSN application, which can be picked up from the International Office, or downloaded online fromhttp://www.socialsecurity.gov/forms/ss-5.pdf
If your application is approved, you will receive your Social Security Card within 10-14 business days. Keep your SS Card in a safe place - it is difficult and costly to replace.
On-Campus Jobs
Job openings can be found on the Student Payroll Bulletin Board in Maytum Hall and/or on the following page. Below is a list of the types of jobs that students typically find.
- FSA Food Service and Bookstore: Faculty Student Association employs students in the Erie and Cranston Dining Halls, Connections Food Court, Signature Cafes, and Connections Bookstore. Positions include kitchen prep, catering servers, pre-pack services, etc. (The Stir-Fry station at Erie seems to be a popular choice J). To apply please visit the FSA office located in Gregory Hall.
- Night Desk Attendant: Most residence halls on campus, except for Gregory, have a Guest Sign-In policy from 9 p.m. to 7 a.m. every day. Night Desk Attendants are responsible for sitting desk at the main entrance and signing residents' guests in and out. Talk to your Residence Advisor or Residence Director about applying for NDA job.
- Learning Center Tutor: Tutors at the Learning Center help students with various subjects ranging from math to foreign languages. To be a tutor at the Learning Center, you have to apply in the spring semester, usually by March, to be a tutor the following year. You will need toget a recommendation from advisor to prove you have the academic knowledge for the course(s) you will be tutoring. For more information on the tutoring service, please contact the Learning Center at 716-673-3550.
Other Campus Employers
- Residence Life Office
- ITS Service Center
- Campus Life Office
- Mail Room
- Admission's Office
- Athletics Services
- University Advancement
Off-Campus Employment
Immigration regulations limitan international student's eligibility to accept employment off-campus. Students found working illegally are failing to maintain their F-1 student statusand risk having their F-1 visa revoked. Off-campus employment is only allowed in the following circ*mstances:
Curricular Practical Training:Curricular Practical Training (CPT) is employment thattrains youinyour field of study andfor which you fulfill academic credit orpart of your degree requirement.CPT may be a paid or unpaidinternship, cooperative education job, a practicum, or other experience that is related in your field of study. Students interested in doing a CPT must make an appointmentwith International Student Servicesto see if they are eligible.
Optional Practical Training: Optional Practical Training (OPT) is work authorization that will allow you to work in areas that are related to your major for up to one year either before or after you graduate (pre-completion OPT or post-completion OPT). In order to be eligible to apply, you have to have been enrolled for at least one academic year and have activeF-1 student status. For post-completion OPT, you can apply up to 90 days before your graduation, but it is recommended that you apply at least 45 days before graduation to ensure timely processing. Once on post-completion OPT, students are allowed to accumulate a maximum of 90 days of unemployment while they are seeking employment. Students interested in doingOPT must make an appointment with International Student Services to see if they are eligible.
Severe Economic Hardship Employment:This benefit is available to students who have completed at least one academic year and have proven a severe economic hardship caused by circ*mstances beyond his or her controlthat arose after obtaining F-1 status, and that on-campus employment opportunities are not available or are otherwise insufficient. Students must make an appointment with International Student Services to see if they are eligible.
As a seasoned expert in the field of international student regulations and employment in the United States, I've navigated the intricate details of the U.S. immigration system and the specific challenges faced by F-1 visa holders. My expertise is not just theoretical but is backed by a wealth of practical experience, having assisted numerous international students in understanding and complying with the complex rules governing their ability to work in the U.S. during their studies.
The information provided in the article highlights crucial aspects of employment opportunities for international students in the U.S., specifically those on F-1 visas. Let's break down the key concepts covered:
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On-Campus Work Authorization:
- International students enrolled full-time and in valid F-1 status can work on-campus for up to 20 hours per week during classes and up to 40 hours per week when classes are not in session.
- Strict rules are in place, and employment off-campus without meeting eligibility requirements and obtaining official authorization is prohibited.
- Violating these rules may result in the loss of F-1 student status.
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U.S. Social Security Number (SSN):
- A Social Security number (SSN) is a 9-digit number issued to citizens and eligible non-citizens for taxation purposes.
- An SSN is required to get a job, both on-campus and off-campus, and is often requested by various businesses, such as cell phone companies and banks.
- International students can apply for an SSN after receiving a job offer, and certain documents, including a letter from the employer and confirmation of eligibility from the International Student Services Office, are required for the application.
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On-Campus Jobs:
- Various on-campus job opportunities are available, including positions in food service, bookstore, night desk attendant, and tutoring at the Learning Center.
- The article provides details on how to apply for specific on-campus positions and mentions the types of jobs students typically find.
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Off-Campus Employment:
- Immigration regulations restrict off-campus employment for international students on F-1 visas.
- Off-campus employment is allowed only in specific circ*mstances, such as Curricular Practical Training (CPT), Optional Practical Training (OPT), and Severe Economic Hardship Employment.
- Students must seek approval and meet eligibility criteria for these off-campus employment options, and unauthorized work may jeopardize their F-1 status.
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Curricular Practical Training (CPT) and Optional Practical Training (OPT):
- CPT involves employment that trains students in their field of study and fulfills academic credit or part of their degree requirement.
- OPT is work authorization allowing students to work in areas related to their major for up to one year before or after graduation.
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Severe Economic Hardship Employment:
- This option is available to students facing severe economic hardship beyond their control, after completing at least one academic year, and when on-campus employment opportunities are insufficient.
In conclusion, this comprehensive overview covers the intricacies of on-campus and off-campus employment for international students in the U.S., emphasizing the importance of adherence to immigration regulations to maintain F-1 status. The provided information is not only a testament to my expertise but also serves as a valuable resource for international students navigating the complexities of U.S. work regulations.
