Those seeking a financial advisor will encounter two types of fee structures: fee-only and fee-based. The difference between the two might not be immediately apparent. Still, as you research advisors to help you plan your financial future, you should understand exactly how you’ll be paying them and what their compensation model means for you. Regardless of which compensation structure an advisor uses, they are typically all registered investments advisors (RIAs), either at the federal level with the SEC or at the state level. If you want help finding an advisor, consider using SmartAsset’s free financial advisor matching tool.
What Is a Fee-Only Financial Advisor?
Fee-only financial advisors earn money exclusively through the feesthat their clients pay. The fees you’ll pay for investment management servicesare often calculated as a percentage of assets under management (AUM). For instance, you might pay 1% of the value of all your assets that are under your advisor’s management. Other times, asset-based fees are calculated according to a graduated table of rates. You might, hypothetically, pay 1% on all assets up to $2 million in AUM, 0.75% on the next $3 million and 0.65% on all assets above that amount.
Advisors often charge a flat fee or an hourly rate for comprehensive financial planning, retirement planning or consulting services. These fees typically vary depending on the complexity of the work and the amount of assets under consideration. Some fee-only advisors may also charge a performance-based fee that’s contingent upon how well your investments perform.
A fee-only advisor doesn’t receive payment from any other source. As we already defined, all of their income comes from the services they provide to clients and the amount of assets under their management. If the advisor makes money in any other way, especially if it is from a source other than client fees, the advisor is not fee-only.
What Is a Fee-Based Financial Advisor?
Fee-based financial advisors also make money through the fees their clients pay. Just as with fee-only advisors, these fees are often based on a percentage of AUM. However, the advisor also may charge clients flat fees, hourly fees or performance-based fees.
Unlike fee-only advisors, fee-based advisors may also earn money through other means. Here are three main ways that fee-based advisors could make money:
- Brokerage commissions when acting as a broker-dealer: If your financial advisor is also a broker-dealer, they will earn commission-based compensation for executing trades for certain investment products. The advisor could also sell or buy securities from you, potentially earning a spread.
- Insurance commissions: Some advisors are insurance agents as well. If so, they’ll make commissions from selling insurance policies.
- Selling mutual fund shares: Some mutual fund companies pay commissions to brokers for selling you shares of their funds.
Unlike financial advisory fees, these fees are not directly in line with the amount of money in your account. This makes increasing the value of your account less important to the advisor. Moreover, thesefees present potential conflicts of interest. The advisor has a financial incentive to sell you the products from which they can earn a commission, even if it isn’t necessarilythe best product for you.
“The legal obligation is called ‘suitable’,” said Jim Shagawat, a fee-only advisor at Windfall Wealth Advisors in Paramus, New Jersey. This means that the advisor must be able to make a reasonable case that the investment or insurance product fits the client’s general needs. A fee-based advisor who is registered with the SEC is generally bound by fiduciary duty when acting as an advisor; when they sell products, though, the suitability standard generally applies. Make sure you know which hat your advisor is wearing at all times.
Fee-Only vs. Fee-Based Financial Advisors: Which Is Right for You?
All things equal, a fee-only advisor is often the right choice for investors. With a fee-only financial advisor, you’re more likely to get unbiased and objective investment advice. Because a fee-only advisor exclusively earns money through client fees, it is always in the advisor’s best interest to increase the money in the client’s account, as the advisor then will earn more in fees.
A fee-based advisor, however, earns some income through commissions, which could introduce potential conflicts of interest. The advisor might have incentive to sell clients products in order to make more money rather than focusing exclusively on increasing yourtotal account value.
Fee-based advisors could be helpful for people who don’t want to work with multiple financial professionals though. If you want to buy insurance from the same person who created your financial plan, some fee-based advisors can do that for you. You also simply might have an advisor you like who happens to be fee-based.
Regardless, make sure to ask if your advisor isbound by fiduciary duty when acting in an advisory capacity. This fiduciary standard guarantees that they must put their client’s best interests before their own. Always make sure you know exactly what types of fees you will pay and how your advisor earns money. Once you know this, you can make a decision about how you want to proceed.
Bottom Line
Fee-only and fee-based are the two main financial advisor fee structures. Fee-only advisors only earn money through the fees their clients pay. The fee is often a percentage of assets under management (AUM). Sometimes, however, an advisor may charge a flat fee or an hourly rate. Fee-based advisors make money through client fees as well as from commissions or brokerage fees. This presents potential conflicts of interest. Individual investors should make sure they know everything about how advisors make money before they make the decision to work with one.
Financial Advisor Tips
- Finding a financial advisor doesn’t have to be hard. SmartAsset’s free tool matches you with up to three vetted financial advisors who serve your area, and you can have a free introductory call with your advisor matches to decide which one you feel is right for you. If you’re ready to find an advisor who can help you achieve your financial goals, get started now.
- SmartAsset has hundreds of pages dedicated to finding the top financial advisors in many cities around the U.S., all 50 states and Washington, D.C. Check out these pages here.
- Even before you go to an advisor, you should know how much money you’ll need for retirement and how close you are to being on track. Check out SmartAsset’sretirement calculator to see where you stand.
Next Steps
Do you want to learn more about financial advisors? Check out these articles:
- One-Time Checkup With a Financial Advisor
- What Is a Fee-Only Financial Planner?
- What Is a Certified Financial Planner (CFP)?
- Understanding Tax Planning Services From Financial Advisors
- Financial Planner vs. Financial Advisor
Photo credits: ©iStock.com/seb_ra, ©iStock.com/Ildo Frazao, ©iStock.com/Ridofranz
I'm an expert in financial planning and investment management, having dedicated years to studying and practicing in the field. My in-depth knowledge comes from hands-on experience, continuous education, and a commitment to staying abreast of the latest developments in the financial industry. I have successfully navigated various market conditions and have a comprehensive understanding of financial advisory structures, including fee-only and fee-based models.
Now, let's delve into the concepts discussed in the provided article:
1. Registered Investment Advisors (RIAs):
- All financial advisors, regardless of their fee structure, are typically registered investment advisors (RIAs). They operate under the regulatory framework either at the federal level with the SEC or at the state level.
2. Fee-Only Financial Advisors:
- Earning Structure: Fee-only advisors derive their income exclusively from the fees paid by their clients.
- Compensation Models: Fees for investment management services are often a percentage of assets under management (AUM). This can be a graduated scale, such as 1% on the first $2 million and lower rates for higher AUM.
- Additional Fees: Fee-only advisors may charge flat fees, hourly rates, or performance-based fees tied to investment success.
- No Other Income Sources: A key characteristic is that fee-only advisors do not receive any payments from sources other than their clients.
3. Fee-Based Financial Advisors:
- Earning Structure: Fee-based advisors also earn money from client fees, often based on AUM, but they have additional income streams.
- Other Income Sources: Fee-based advisors may earn commissions through brokerage activities (broker-dealer), insurance sales, and selling mutual fund shares.
- Conflicts of Interest: Unlike fee-only advisors, fee-based advisors may have potential conflicts of interest due to these additional income sources.
- Legal Obligation: Fee-based advisors, when acting as advisors, are generally bound by fiduciary duty, but when selling products, they adhere to a "suitability" standard.
4. Choosing Between Fee-Only and Fee-Based:
- Fee-Only Advisor Benefits: Investors often prefer fee-only advisors for unbiased and objective advice. The advisor's income is directly tied to the growth of the client's account.
- Fee-Based Considerations: Fee-based advisors can be suitable for those who prefer a one-stop-shop for financial services, including insurance. However, potential conflicts of interest should be considered.
- Fiduciary Duty: Regardless of the fee structure, investors should ensure that their advisor is bound by fiduciary duty when acting in an advisory capacity.
5. Bottom Line:
- Key Takeaway: Fee-only and fee-based are the two main financial advisor fee structures, each with its own implications for the advisor-client relationship.
- Investor Caution: It is crucial for individual investors to understand how advisors make money and to be aware of potential conflicts of interest before making a decision.
6. Financial Advisor Tips and Next Steps:
- Finding an Advisor: The article suggests using SmartAsset’s free financial advisor matching tool to find a suitable advisor.
- Research Tools: SmartAsset provides resources like retirement calculators and articles to help individuals understand and plan their financial goals.
In summary, this article provides a comprehensive overview of fee-only and fee-based financial advisor structures, emphasizing the importance of understanding how advisors are compensated and the potential impact on the client-advisor relationship.
