Indian Economy is a very important part of the General Awareness section of many government exams like SSC, Banking, Railways, and many others. This section has a huge weightage of marks as many questions are coming from this section. we will discuss one of the important topics of the Indian Economy i.e., “FDI Limits in Various Sectors in India”.
Sector | FDI Limit | Entry Route |
| Agriculture& Animal Husbandry | 100% | Automatic |
| Plantation Sector (including tea, coffee, Rubber, Cardamom, Palm oil tree, Olive oil tree plantations) | 100% | Automatic |
| Mining and Exploration of metal and non-metal ores (including diamond, gold, silver, and precious ores but excluding titanium-bearing minerals and their ores) | 100% | Automatic |
| Mining (Coal & Lignite) | 100% | Automatic |
| Mining Mining and mineral separation of titanium-bearing minerals and ores, its value addition, and integrated activities | 100% | Government |
| Petroleum & Natural Gas Exploration activities of oil and natural gas fields, infrastructure related to marketing of petroleum products and natural gas, marketing of natural gas and petroleum products, etc. | 100% | Automatic |
| Petroleum & Natural Gas Petroleum refining by the Public Sector Undertakings (PSU), without any disinvestment or dilution of domestic equity in the existing PSUs. | 49% | Automatic |
| Defense Manufacturing | 100% | Automatic up to 49% Above 49% under Government route in cases resulting in access to modern technology in the country |
| Broadcasting • Teleports(setting up of up-linking HUBs/Teleports) • Direct to Home (DTH) • Cable Networks (Multi System operators (MSOs) operating at the National State or District level and undertaking upgradation of networks towards digitalization and addressability • Mobile TV • Head end-in-the Sky Broadcasting Service(HITS) | 100% | Automatic |
| Broadcasting Cable Networks (Other MSOs not undertaking upgradation of networks towards digitalization and addressability and Local Cable Operators (LCOs)) | 100% | Automatic |
| Broadcasting Content Services • Terrestrial Broadcasting FM(FM Radio) • Up-linking of ‘News & Current Affairs’ TV Channels | 49% | Government |
| Up-linking of Non-‘News & Current Affairs’ TV Channels/ Down-linking of TV Channels | 100% | Automatic |
| Print Media • Publishing of newspapers and periodicals dealing with news and current affairs • Publication of Indian editions of foreign magazines dealing with news and current affairs | 26% | Government |
| Publishing/printing of scientific and technical magazines/specialty journals/ periodicals, subject to compliance with the legal framework as applicable and guidelines issued in this regard from time to time by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. | 100% | Government |
| Publication of facsimile editions of foreign newspapers | 100% | Government |
| Civil Aviation – Airports Green Field Projects & Existing Projects | 100% | Automatic |
| Civil Aviation – Air Transport Services • Scheduled Air Transport Service/ Domestic Scheduled Passenger Airline • Regional Air Transport Service (Foreign Airlines are barred from Investing in Air India) | 100% | Automatic up to 49% Above 49% under the Government route 100% Automatic for NRIs |
| Civil Aviation • Non-Scheduled Air Transport Service • Helicopter services/seaplane services requiring DGCA approval • Ground Handling Services subject to sectoral regulations and security clearance • Maintenance and Repair organizations; flying training institutes; and technical training institutions | 100% | Automatic |
| Construction Development: Townships, Housing, Built-up Infrastructure | 100% | Automatic |
| Industrial Parks (new & existing) | 100% | Automatic |
| Satellites- establishment and operation, subject to the sectoral guidelines of the Department of Space/ISRO | 100% | Government |
| Private Security Agencies | 74% | Automatic up to 49% Above 49% & up to 74% under the Government route |
| Telecom Services | 100% | Automatic up to 49% Above 49% under the Government route |
| Cash & Carry Wholesale Trading | 100% | Automatic |
| E-commerce activities (e-commerce entities would engage only in Business to Business (B2B) e-commerce and not in Business to Consumer (B2C) e-commerce.) | 100% | Automatic |
| Single Brand retail trading Local sourcing norms will be relaxed up to three years and a relaxed sourcing regime for another five years for entities undertaking Single Brand Retail Trading of products having ‘state-of-art’ and ‘cutting edge’ technology. | 100% | Automatic up to 49% Above 49% under the Government route |
| Multi Brand Retail Trading | 51% | Government |
| Duty-Free Shops | 100% | Automatic |
| Railway Infrastructure Construction, operation, and maintenance of the following • Suburban corridor projects through PPP • High-speed train projects • Dedicated freight lines • Rolling stock including train sets, and locomotives/coaches manufacturing and maintenance facilities • Railway Electrification • Signaling systems • Freight terminals • Passenger terminals • Infrastructure in industrial park pertaining to railway line/sidings including electrified railway lines and connectivities to the main railway line • Mass Rapid Transport Systems. | 100% | Automatic |
| Asset Reconstruction Companies | 100% | Automatic |
| Banking- Private Sector | 74% | Automatic up to 49% Above 49% & up to 74% under the Government route |
| Banking- Public Sector | 20% | Government |
| Credit Information Companies (CIC) | 100% | Automatic |
| Infrastructure Company in the Securities Market | 49% | Automatic |
| Insurance • Insurance Company • Insurance Brokers • Third Party Administrators • Surveyors and Loss Assessors • Other Insurance Intermediaries | 49% | Automatic |
| Pension Sector | 49% | Automatic |
| Power Exchanges | 49% | Automatic |
| White Label ATM Operations | 100% | Automatic |
| Financial services activities regulated by RBI, SEBI, IRDA, or any other regulator | 100% | Automatic |
| Pharmaceuticals(Green Field) | 100% | Automatic |
| Pharmaceuticals(Brown Field) | 100% | Automatic up to 74% Above 74% under Government route |
| Food products manufactured or produced in India Trading, including through e-commerce, in respect of food products manufactured or produced in India. | 100% | Government |
Last Updated : 16 Sep, 2022
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