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You can set up a default limit for each asset category, book, and range of dates in service in the Asset Categories window. See: Entering Default Depreciation Rules for a Category.
For assets using a straight-line depreciation method, you can use the Set Extended Life window to control the amount of depreciation expense taken for each period. If you do not specify an extended life in years, Oracle Assets continues to depreciate the asset at the same rate it depreciated during the last fiscal year of the asset's normal useful life.
Additions
When you add an asset to a book, category, and date placed in service range for which you set up a default depreciation limit as an amount, Oracle Assets calculates the recoverable cost using the following formula:Recoverable Cost = Cost - Default Depreciation Limit
For example, an asset cost of 100,000 yen with a depreciation limit of 1 yen has a recoverable cost of 100,000 - 1 = 99,999 yen.
When you add an asset for which you set up a default depreciation limit percentage, Oracle Assets calculates the recoverable cost using the following formula:
Recoverable Cost = Cost X Default Depreciation Limit
For example, an asset cost of 100,000 yen with a depreciation limit of 95% has a recoverable cost of 100,000 X 95% = 95,000 yen.
If you add the asset using Detail Additions, Oracle Assets shows the recoverable cost in the Books window. You can override this value if necessary. If you add the asset using QuickAdditions or Mass Additions, Oracle Assets automatically calculates the recoverable cost for the asset. You can adjust the recoverable cost at any time during the normal useful life of the asset. This does not affect the depreciation expense during the normal useful life, unless the recoverable cost is less than the cost less the salvage value.
Note: You cannot adjust the recoverable cost for assets that do not depreciate using the special depreciation limits. For these assets, the recoverable cost must equal (cost - salvage value).
Depreciation
Depreciation Methods
If you define a depreciation limit, you must use a straight-line or flat-rate depreciation method for the asset.Depreciation During Normal Useful Life
During the normal useful life of the asset, the amount of depreciation taken per fiscal year depends solely on the cost less the salvage value. For example, you place in service an asset with a cost of 100,000 yen and a salvage value of 1000 yen. The asset depreciates using a straight-line method and a nine year life. Regardless of the depreciation limit, the depreciation expense for this asset is (100,000 - 1000) / 9 = 11,000 yen per year for the first nine years.Depreciation During Extended Life
In the years following the useful life, Oracle Assets continues to depreciate the asset until accumulated depreciation equals recoverable cost. Note that recoverable cost is calculated by (cost - depreciation limit amount) or (cost X depreciation percent limit). By default, the amount of depreciation taken per period is the minimum of the following:- Depreciation expense per period in the last fiscal year of the useful life
- Recoverable cost less the life-to-date depreciation
Depreciation per period =
min ( (recoverable cost - life-to-date depreciation),
(cost - salvage value) / life in periods) )
For assets using a straight-line depreciation method, you can control the depreciation expense taken per period in the extended life. To do this, specify the length of the extended life in years in the Set Extended Life window.
Depreciation per period =
1Salvage Value
_____________ x ___________________
# periods/yearExtended Life (years)
Example 1
You place an asset in service as follows:- Cost = 100,000 yen
- Salvage value = 10,000 yen
- Depreciation limit = 1 yen
- Useful life = 10 years
- Depreciation method = Straight Line
Year of Life | AnnualDepreciation (Yen) | AccumulatedDepreciation (Yen) |
1 | 9000 | 9000 |
2 | 9000 | 18,000 |
: | : | : |
9 | 9000 | 81,000 |
10 | 9000 | 90,000 = (cost - salvage value) |
11 | 9000 = less of (9000, 9999) | 99,000 |
12 | 999 = less of (9000, 999) | 99,999 |
Table 1 - 16. (Page 1 of 1) |
Recoverable cost is (100,000 - 1) = 99,999 yen.
For the first ten years, Oracle Assets takes an annual depreciation expense of (100,000 - 10,000) / 10 = 9000 yen. If there are four periods per year and you are dividing depreciation evenly, Oracle Assets takes a depreciation expense of 2250 yen per period.
In the 11th year, depreciation expense is also 9000 yen for the year, or 2250 yen per period.
In the 12th year, the depreciation expense is 999 yen. Thus Oracle Assets fully reserves the asset in the first period of this year. Note that in the final year, Oracle Assets does not divide the remaining recoverable cost evenly among the periods in the fiscal year. The depreciation expense per period remains the same in all but the last period of life, when it is equal to the amount necessary to fully reserve the asset.
Example 2
You place another asset in service as follows:- Cost = 500,000 yen
- Salvage Value = 50,000 yen
- Depreciation percent limit = 95%
- Useful life = 5 years
- Depreciation method = Straight Line
Year of Life | AnnualDepreciation (Yen) | AccumulatedDepreciation (Yen) |
1 | 90,000 | 90,000 |
2 | 90,000 | 180,000 |
3 | 90,000 | 270,000 |
4 | 90,000 | 360,000 |
5 | 90,000 | 450,000 = (cost - salvage value) |
6 | 25,000 | 475,000 |
Table 1 - 17. (Page 1 of 1) |
Recoverable cost is (500,000 X 95%) = 475,000 yen.
For the first five years, Oracle Assets takes an annual depreciation expense of (500,000 - 50,000) / 5 = 90,000 yen. If there are 12 periods per year and you divide depreciation evenly, Oracle Assets takes depreciation expense of 7500 yen per period.
In the sixth year, the depreciation expense is 25,000 yen for the year. Depreciation expense is 7500 yen per month for the first three months, and 2500 yen in the fourth month.
Example 3
You place a third asset in service as follows:- Cost = 4,000,000 won
- Useful life = 4 years
- Salvage value = 400,000 won
- Depreciation limit = 1,000
The depreciation over the useful life of the asset would be as follows:
Year | Cost (Won) | Salvage Value | Deprn Basis | Annual Deprn. | NBV |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 4,000,000 | 400,000 | 3,600,000 | 900,000 | 3,100,000 |
2 | 4,000,000 | 400,000 | 3,600,000 | 900,000 | 2,200,000 |
3 | 4,000,000 | 400,000 | 3,600,000 | 900,000 | 1,300,000 |
4 | 4,000,000 | 400,000 | 3,600,000 | 900,000 | 400,000 |
Table 1 - 18. (Page 1 of 1) |
When the asset has completed its useful life, you query the asset in the Set Extended Life window. You enter the number of years to depreciate the salvage value, for example, three years.
The depreciation over the extended life of the asset would be as follows:
Year | Cost (Won) | Salvage Value | Deprn Basis | Annual Deprn. | NBV |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | 4,000,000 | 400,000 | 400,000 | 133,333 | 266,667 |
6 | 4,000,000 | 400,000 | 400,000 | 133,333 | 133,334 |
7 | 4,000,000 | 400,000 | 400,000 | 132,334 | 1,000 |
Table 1 - 19. (Page 1 of 1) |
To set the extended life of an asset:
- 1.Navigate to the Set Extended Life window.
- 2.Query the asset for which you want to set the extended life by asset number or description.
- 3.Navigate to the Books field.
- A list of values window appears containing the books in which you can set the extended life of the asset.
- 4.Select the applicable book.
- 5.Enter the number of years over which you want to depreciate the salvage value.
- 6.Save your work.
Restrictions
You cannot perform the following transactions on an asset that is beyond its normal useful life:- Cost Adjustments
- Life Adjustments
- Salvage Value Adjustments
- Revaluations
- Prior Period Transfers
- Invoice Transfers
- Addition of a Mass Addition to an Existing Asset
- Date Placed In Service Change
- Prorate Convention Change
- Depreciation Method Change
- Invoice Adjustments
- Prior-Period Retirements
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As an expert in financial accounting and asset management, I have a deep understanding of the concepts related to depreciation and asset accounting, particularly within the Oracle Assets system. My expertise extends to the intricacies of depreciation methods, recoverable cost calculations, and the application of default depreciation rules. I will provide a comprehensive overview of the key concepts mentioned in the article you shared.
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Depreciation Methods:
- The article discusses two main depreciation methods: straight-line and flat-rate. It emphasizes that if a depreciation limit is defined, these methods must be used.
-
Depreciation During Normal Useful Life:
- During the normal useful life of an asset, the depreciation expense per fiscal year depends on the cost less the salvage value. The example illustrates the calculation using a straight-line method over a specified number of years.
-
Depreciation During Extended Life:
- Oracle Assets continues to depreciate the asset beyond its useful life until accumulated depreciation equals the recoverable cost. The recoverable cost is calculated based on the depreciation limit amount or depreciation percentage limit.
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Recoverable Cost Calculation:
- The article provides formulas for calculating the recoverable cost based on default depreciation limits, either as a flat amount or a percentage. It illustrates examples using both methods.
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Additions:
- When adding an asset to a book, category, and date placed in service range with a default depreciation limit, Oracle Assets calculates the recoverable cost by subtracting the default depreciation limit from the cost or applying the percentage limit.
-
Set Extended Life:
- For assets using a straight-line depreciation method, the Set Extended Life window allows users to control the amount of depreciation expense taken for each period beyond the normal useful life. The example shows how to set the extended life and calculates depreciation per period.
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Examples:
- The article provides three detailed examples with varying parameters, including cost, salvage value, useful life, and depreciation limits. These examples demonstrate the application of depreciation methods and the calculation of recoverable cost over both normal and extended asset lives.
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Restrictions:
- Certain transactions are restricted on assets beyond their normal useful life, such as cost adjustments, life adjustments, salvage value adjustments, revaluations, and various other adjustments and transfers.
This overview showcases the depth of knowledge required to effectively manage and account for assets, especially in a system like Oracle Assets. If you have specific questions or need further clarification on any of these concepts, feel free to ask.