Are Treasury Bills a Good Investment for Retirement Savings? (2024)

Why Opportunity Cost Needs to Be Considered

By

Sean Ross

Are Treasury Bills a Good Investment for Retirement Savings? (1)

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Sean Ross is a strategic adviser at 1031x.com, Investopedia contributor, and the founder and manager of Free Lances Ltd.

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Updated September 25, 2021

Reviewed by

Chip Stapleton

Are Treasury Bills a Good Investment for Retirement Savings? (2)

Reviewed byChip Stapleton

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Chip Stapleton is a Series 7 and Series 66 license holder, CFA Level 1 exam holder, and currently holds a Life, Accident, and Health License in Indiana. He has 8 years experience in finance, from financial planning and wealth management to corporate finance and FP&A.

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Whether or not Treasury bills (T-bills) make sense for your retirement portfolio depends in large part on how close you are to retirement. Making investment decisions for your retirement savings is all about balancing opportunity cost and risk.

Key Takeaways

  • T-bills are one of the safest investments, but their returns are low compared to most other investments.
  • When deciding if T-bills are a good fit for a retirement portfolio, opportunity cost and risk need to be considered.
  • In general, T-bills may be appropriate for investors who are nearing or in retirement.

T-bills are issued by the U.S. government and are considered among the safest investments in the world, so risk should never be a significant deterrent. However, the return on T-bills is typically quite low when compared to other types of securities, such as stocks, bonds, and mutual funds. This is why the opportunity cost needs to be taken into account.

Opportunity Cost and T-bills Explained

Opportunity cost is a concept in microeconomics; it states that the real cost of any decision is the next-best alternative. For example, the opportunity cost of purchasing a $500 television is not really $500 but rather the next best use of that $500, such as the returns it might have earned if it were invested.

In the case of T-bills, the opportunity cost of investing is manifested in unrealized returns that might be had elsewhere in the market. T-bills are short-term, fixed-income security. They are sold in minimum increments of $100 and have maturity dates ranging from four to 52 weeks.

Generally, the longer the maturity date of a T-bill, the higher the interest rate it will pay.

The Treasury yield on a T-bill with a 52-week maturity is in the 0.07% range as of Sept. 2021, significantly lower than the returns of the stock market. On the other hand, the stock market has much more risk.

Balancing Opportunity Cost and Risk

Investors nearing or in retirement typically allocate a large portion of their portfolio to income-producing, conservative investments to protect their nest egg. Younger investors, on the other hand, are in the accumulation phase of saving for retirement and are able to take on more risk.

Let's take a look at examples of balancing opportunity cost and risk as it relates to T-bills and younger and older investors.

A 25-Year-Old Investor

A 25-year-old worker who invests in T-bills for retirement is likely to earn only a fraction of what the average stock market returns would be over the next 40 working years. Since the worker is better able to absorb fluctuations in the market over the next several decades, there is very little reason to invest in T-bills for retirement.

A 60-Year-Old Investor

A 60-year-old worker, however, is a different story. With retirement much closer, Treasury bills offer very real security for any funds saved up to this point.

Workers at this stage in life have less time to recover from losses incurred by an aggressive portfolio in a bad market. The difference in returns between T-bills and equities is also much smaller because there is much less time for the difference to compound. This is not to say that T-bills are necessarily the worker's best bet, especially since the maturities are less than a year, but they make more sense for older investors.

Article Sources

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  1. Federal Reserve Bank of New York. "Estimating Yields on Treasury Securities."

  2. TreasuryDirect. "Treasury Bills In Depth."

  3. U.S. Department of the Treasury. "Daily Treasury Bill Rates Data."

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Are Treasury Bills a Good Investment for Retirement Savings? (2024)

FAQs

Are Treasury bills good for retirement? ›

T-bills are one of the safest investments, but their returns are low compared to most other investments. When deciding if T-bills are a good fit for a retirement portfolio, opportunity cost and risk need to be considered. In general, T-bills may be appropriate for investors who are nearing or in retirement.

What are the disadvantages of investing in Treasury bills? ›

The biggest downside of investing in T-bills is that you're going to get a lower rate of return compared to other investments, such as certificates of deposit, money market mutual funds, corporate bonds, or stocks.

Are Treasury bills a good investment now? ›

Cash and T-bills do offer an attractive yield, and they certainly play an important role in a financial plan. But we caution against holding too much cash in 2023. We'd point to three key reasons: Inflation—Whatever the prevailing market yields, over the long term, inflation tends to erode the purchasing power of cash.

Are T-bills better than savings account? ›

High-yield savings accounts and Treasury bills (T-bills) are both good solutions for individuals who want a time-limited and fairly low-risk way to earn interest on their money. However, while the first is a savings account, the latter is a government security.

Are Treasury bills safer than CDs? ›

T-bills are more liquid than CDs but have about the same level of safety and maturity, so we would expect CDs to pay a higher rate to compensate for the difference in liquidity. However, this is not the case: In November 2022, a 12-month CD paid a rate of 0.6%, with 3- and 6-month CDs paying even less.

What are the issues with Treasury bills? ›

Treasury bills are debt obligations issued by the U.S. Department of the Treasury. T-bills have the shortest maturity date of all the debt issued by the federal government. You can purchase T-bills in $100 increments in non-competitive and competitive bids.

Is it better to buy Treasuries or CDs? ›

CDs offer a fixed rate for locking up your money for a fixed period of time, but you'll only earn the highest returns if you choose longer terms. Treasury bills are shorter term and depending on the term you choose, you could lock your money up for as little as a few days or as long as one year.

Is there a high risk for investing money in US Treasury bills? ›

Treasury bonds are considered risk-free assets, meaning there is no risk that the investor will lose their principal. In other words, investors that hold the bond until maturity are guaranteed their principal or initial investment.

What is the Treasury bills rate today? ›

Basic Info

3 Month Treasury Bill Rate is at 4.87%, compared to 4.89% the previous market day and 0.38% last year.

Are Treasury bills a good investment in 2023? ›

Is Investing in US Treasury bills (T-bills) safe? US Treasury bills (T-bills) are considered to be a safe and low-risk investment because they are issued by the United States government and backed by its full faith and credit.

What are the pros and cons of Treasury bills? ›

Advantages and Disadvantages of Treasury Bills
ProsCons
Zero default riskHave an interest rate risk
State and local income taxes is not imposed on the interest incomeOffer lower returns
Can be bought or sold easily in the secondary marketLeading up to maturity, it does not pay any coupon interest payments
1 more row

What is the average return on a Treasury bill? ›

The values shown are daily data published by the Federal Reserve Board based on the average yield of a range of Treasury securities, all adjusted to the equivalent of a one-year maturity. The current 1 year treasury yield as of March 09, 2023 is 5.18%.

Can you make money with Treasury bills? ›

Like other debt instruments issued by the U.S. Treasury, T-bills are considered a safe-haven investment, known for producing reliable returns even in times of economic declines.

Why would you buy Treasury bills? ›

Treasury Bills (or T-Bills for short) are a short-term financial instrument that is issued by the US Treasury with maturity periods ranging from a few days up to 52 weeks (one year). They are considered among the safest investments since they are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government.

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