A step-by-step guide to build a personal financial plan (2024)

Create a unique-to-you, start-to-finish plan for all your money goals with tools and resources to help you succeed.

A step-by-step guide to build a personal financial plan (1)
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When it comes to life's biggest moments, you probably had a plan. Your wedding, for example, followed a timeline, a budget—even if you busted it with that last-minute table for extended family—and involved compromise and conversation. Smart financial planning follows the same logic.

Our how-to articles (linked below) can help. They take you step-by-step through what you need to know to create a personal financial plan and help get your money in order. From the groceries you need, to the retirement you want, and the car repair bill that’s looming, these ideas help you balance long-term dreams with short-term wants, plus those unexpected events that happen along the way.

In nine steps, you have a nice framework you can build on and adjust throughout your life.

It’s OK if you’ve started on some of these tasks. It’s also OK if you haven’t. Just start with one and keep going. (Or tackle the whole thing on a long, rainy weekend with a big pot of coffee and the dog at your feet.)

Let’s get started.

1. Set financial goals.

It’s good to have a clear idea of why you’re saving your hard-earned money. Think it through with a five-step guide to setting yearly financial goals (worksheet included).

2. Make a budget.

Instead of thinking of a budget as way to restrict your spending, use it as a tool to organize your monthly cash flow to help you pay yourself first (savings/investing)—and still have room for the fun stuff. Learn how to create a budget that works for you—not against you. (Downloadable budgeting sheet included.)

3. Plan for taxes.

It can go a long way toward helping you keep more of your money. Explore ways to save on your taxes next year, using our tax planning worksheet to think through potential income tax credits and deductions.

4. Build an emergency fund.

All the planning in the world won’t help if life throws you a curveball and you’re not prepared financially. That’s where emergency savings comes in handy. Our guide to building an emergency fund includes to a calculator to help you figure out how much you need to save and teaches you how to maintain it over time.

5. Manage debt.

Understanding and managing debt is a key part of creating a financial plan. Learn how to pay off the debt you owe now and build a long-term debt-management strategy (worksheet and calculator included).

6. Protect with insurance.

Life can change in an instant. People with a good financial plan hope for the best, but plan for the unexpected. Insurance helps with that. Learn the basics of life and disability insurance (and use our disability income calculator to assess your needs).

7. Plan for retirement.

Even if it’s a long way off, think about what you want your money to do for you when you retire, and create a retirement plan to help make it happen.

8. Invest beyond your 401(k).

To reach your mid- and long-term goals, take your savings strategy and put an engine behind it. That’s what investing can do. Get started in three steps.

9. Create an estate plan.

You don’t have to be wealthy, old, married, or a parent to need an estate plan, which also lays out who makes financial and health care decisions for you if you can’t make them yourself. Learn the basics of estate planning and options for creating one.

Finished? Here’s when to review your financial plan.

Take a fresh look at least once a year or after a big life change, such as:

  • Significant change in income
  • Job change
  • Change in family dynamics like having a baby or adopting, getting married, divorced, or losing a spouse/partner
  • Selling or buying a home
  • Inheritance
  • Unexpected debt
  • Change in financial goals

Tip: Around age 50, you may want to consider long-term care insurance and expand your financial plan to include income in retirement.

What’s next?

Log in to your Principal account to see how you’re doing. Don’t have an employer-sponsored retirement account or want to save even more in addition to a 401(k)? We can help you set up your own IRA or Roth IRA. Ready to continue building your financial foundation?

Financial planning

A step-by-step guide to build a personal financial plan (2024)

FAQs

A step-by-step guide to build a personal financial plan? ›

The 50-30-20 rule recommends putting 50% of your money toward needs, 30% toward wants, and 20% toward savings.

What are the steps of personal financial planning? ›

The Financial Planning Process
  • Step 1: Set Goals. While this seems pretty basic, this step often gets overlooked. ...
  • Step 2: Gather facts. ...
  • Step 3: Identify challenges and opportunities. ...
  • Step 4: Develop your plan. ...
  • Step 5: Implement your plan. ...
  • Step 6: Follow up and review yearly.

What is the 50 30 20 rule? ›

The 50-30-20 rule recommends putting 50% of your money toward needs, 30% toward wants, and 20% toward savings.

What are the 10 steps in financial planning? ›

Here are 10 golden rules that one must follow to plan their finances well.
  • Manage Your Money. ...
  • Regulate Your Expenses Wisely. ...
  • Maintain A Personal Balance Sheet. ...
  • Dealing With Surplus Cash Judiciously. ...
  • Create Your Personal Investment Portfolio. ...
  • Planning For Retirement. ...
  • Manage Your Debt Wisely. ...
  • Get Your Risks Covered.
Nov 7, 2023

What are the six key areas of personal financial planning? ›

This article will discuss the six essential types of financial planning that you should be able to provide, including cash flow planning, insurance planning, retirement planning, tax planning, investment planning, and estate planning.

What are the Dave Ramsey steps? ›

You can too!
  • Save $1,000 for Your Starter Emergency Fund.
  • Pay Off All Debt (Except the House) Using the Debt Snowball.
  • Save 3–6 Months of Expenses in a Fully Funded Emergency Fund.
  • Invest 15% of Your Household Income in Retirement.
  • Save for Your Children's College Fund.
  • Pay Off Your Home Early.
  • Build Wealth and Give.

What does the rule of 72 tell you? ›

Do you know the Rule of 72? It's an easy way to calculate just how long it's going to take for your money to double. Just take the number 72 and divide it by the interest rate you hope to earn. That number gives you the approximate number of years it will take for your investment to double.

What are the four basics of financial planning? ›

The 4 Key Components of a Financial Plan
  • Evaluation of long-term and short-term goals. Before you prepare a financial plan, you must evaluate your goals and the time horizon to achieve them. ...
  • Management of income and expenses to save for the future. A good financial plan includes discipline in spending and saving.
Oct 11, 2022

What are the four elements of a personal financial plan? ›

Regardless of income or wealth, number of investments, or amount of credit card debt, everyone's financial state fits into a common, fundamental framework, that we call the Four Pillars of Personal Finance. Everyone has four basic components in their financial structure: assets, debts, income, and expenses.

Is $4000 a good savings? ›

Are you approaching 30? How much money do you have saved? According to CNN Money, someone between the ages of 25 and 30, who makes around $40,000 a year, should have at least $4,000 saved.

How to budget $5000 a month? ›

Consider an individual who takes home $5,000 a month. Applying the 50/30/20 rule would give them a monthly budget of: 50% for mandatory expenses = $2,500. 20% to savings and debt repayment = $1,000.

What is the rule of thumb for savings? ›

At least 20% of your income should go towards savings. Meanwhile, another 50% (maximum) should go toward necessities, while 30% goes toward discretionary items. This is called the 50/30/20 rule of thumb, and it provides a quick and easy way for you to budget your money.

What is the golden rule of personal finance? ›

Personal finance doesn't have to be complicated. In fact, there is a “golden rule” that everyone should follow, and simply by adhering to it, you'll be on a path to financial freedom. The Golden Rule is this: Don't spend more than you earn, and focus on what you can KEEP!

What is the best financial advice? ›

Practice saving, not spending.

Look at saving as spending on your future. Everyone needs a nest egg or rainy day fund. To build one, it's easiest to start small. Save $100 or even just $50 per month by having funds automatically deducted from your paycheck and placed in a separate, interest-bearing savings account.

How to start a financial journey? ›

Use this opportunity to streamline your financial freedom journey with these 12 financial planning rules.
  1. Take expert help to make smart decisions. ...
  2. Adopt budgeting. ...
  3. Gain knowledge of risk and reward. ...
  4. Understand the impact of inflation and compounding. ...
  5. Set clear goals. ...
  6. Take informed risk. ...
  7. Build tax efficiency. ...
  8. Regular reviews.
Jan 12, 2024

What are 7 categories of a financial plan? ›

The plan should include details about your income, expenses, savings, debt management, insurance, taxes, investments, retirement, and estate planning.

What are the 3 rules of financial planning? ›

Finance experts advise that individual finance planning should be guided by three principles: prioritizing, appraisal and restraint. Understanding these concepts is the key to putting your personal finances on track.

What are the seven 7 functions of financial management? ›

It checks whether the activities are prolific and are in line with regulations. The seven popular functions are decisions and control, financial planning, resource allocation, cash flow management, surplus disposal, acquisitions, mergers, and capital budgeting. Give examples of finance functions in excel?

What are the three S's for financial planning? ›

The Three S's
  • Saving. The methods for teaching money lessons have certainly changed. ...
  • Spending. A budget is an important financial tool that can teach children how to manage money responsibly. ...
  • Sharing.
Nov 18, 2022

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