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America’s income tax rates are staying the same for the next two tax seasons. But the tax brackets—the income buckets that are charged at progressively higher rates—are undergoing major inflation adjustments following the biggest price increases in decades.
The IRS has released tax brackets for the 2023 tax year that have upper limits 7% higher than the brackets for 2022 returns. If your income isn’t keeping up with inflation, the increases in the brackets make it less likely you’ll pay higher tax rates.
You can use the tax brackets to determine how much you can expect to pay in taxes each year. Here are the tax brackets for the 2022 and 2023 tax years, plus instructions on how to calculate your income tax based on the top bracket that applies to you.
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2022 Tax Brackets (Taxes due April 2023)
For the 2022 tax year, there are seven federal income tax brackets: 10%, 12%, 22%, 24%, 32%, 35% and 37%. Your tax bracket is determined by your filing status and taxable income.
2022 Single Filer Tax Brackets
| If taxable income is: | The tax due is: |
|---|---|
| Not over $10,275 | 10% of the taxable income |
| Over $10,275 but not over $41,775 | $1,027.50 plus 12% of the excess over $10,275 |
| Over $41,775 but not over $89,075 | $4,807.50 plus 22% of the excess over $41,775 |
| Over $89,075 but not over $170,050 | $15,213.50 plus 24% of the excess over $89,075 |
| Over $170,050 but not over $215,950 | $34,647.50 plus 32% of the the excess over $170,050 |
| Over $215,950 but not over $539,900 | $49,335.50 plus 35% of the excess over $215,950 |
| Over $539,900 | $162,718 plus 37% of the excess over $539,900 |
2022 Married Filing Separately Tax Brackets
| If taxable income is: | The tax due is: |
|---|---|
| Not over $10,275 | 10% of the taxable income |
| Over $10,275 but not over $41,775 | $1,027.50 plus 12% of the excess over $10,275 |
| Over $41,775 but not over $89,075 | $4,807.50 plus 22% of the excess over $41,775 |
| Over $89,075 but not over $170,050 | $15,213.50 plus 24% of the excess over $89,075 |
| Over $170,050 but not over $215,950 | $34,647.50 plus 32% of the the excess over $170,050 |
| Over $215,950 but not over $323,925 | $49,335.50 plus 35% of the excess over $215,950 |
| Over $323,925 | $86,127 plus 37% of the excess over $323,925 |
2022 Head of Household Tax Brackets
| If taxable income is: | The tax due is: |
|---|---|
| Not over $14,650 | 10% of the taxable income |
| Over $14,650 but not over $55,900 | $1,465 plus 12% of the excess over $14,650 |
| Over $55,900 but not over $89,050 | $6,415 plus 22% of the excess over $55,900 |
| Over $89,050 but not over $170,050 | $13,708 plus 24% of the excess over $89,050 |
| Over $170,050 but not over $215,950 | $33,148.50 plus 32% of the the excess over $170,050 |
| Over $215,950 but not over $539,900 | $47,836.50 plus 35% of the excess over $215,950 |
| Over $539,900 | $162,218.50 plus 37% of the excess over $539,900 |
2022 Married Filing Jointly Tax Brackets
| If taxable income is: | The tax due is: |
|---|---|
| Not over $20,550 | 10% of the taxable income |
| Over $20,550 but not over $83,550 | $2,055 plus 12% of the excess over $20,550 |
| Over $83,550 but not over $178,150 | $9,615 plus 22% of the excess over $83,550 |
| Over $178,150 but not over $340,100 | $30,427 plus 24% of the excess over $178,150 |
| Over $340,100 but not over $431,900 | $69,295 plus 32% of the excess over $340,100 |
| Over $431,900 but not over $647,850 | $98,671 plus 35% of the excess over $431,900 |
| Over $647,850 | $174,253.50 plus 37% of the excess over $647,850 |
Related: Income Tax Calculator
2023 Tax Brackets (Taxes due April 2024)
The 2023 tax year will have the same seven federal income tax brackets: 10%, 12%, 22%, 24%, 32%, 35% and 37%. Your filing status and taxable income, including wages, will determine the bracket you’re in.
2023 Single Filer Tax Brackets
| If taxable income is: | The tax due is: |
|---|---|
| Not over $11,000 | 10% of taxable income |
| Over $11,000 but not over $44,725 | $1,100 plus 12% of the excess over $11,000 |
| Over $44,725 but not over $95,375 | $5,147 plus 22% of the excess over $44,725 |
| Over $95,375 but not over $182,100 | $16,290 plus 24% of the excess over $95,375 |
| Over $182,100 but not over $231,250 | $37,104 plus 32% of the excess over $182,100 |
| Over $231,250 but not over $578,125 | $52,832 plus 35% of the excess over $231,250 |
| Over $578,125 | $174,238.25 plus 37% of the excess over $578,125 |
2023 Married Filing Separately Tax Brackets
| If taxable income is: | The tax due is: |
|---|---|
| Not over $11,000 | 10% of taxable income |
| Over $11,000 but not over $44,725 | $1,100 plus 12% of the excess over $11,000 |
| Over $44,725 but not over $95,375 | $5,147 plus 22% of the excess over $44,725 |
| Over $95,375 but not over $182,100 | $16,290 plus 24% of the excess over $95,375 |
| Over $182,100 but not over $231,250 | $37,104 plus 32% of the excess over $182,100 |
| Over $231,250 but not over $346,875 | $52,832 plus 35% of the excess over $231,250 |
| Over $346,875 | $93,300.75 plus 37% of the excess over $346,875 |
2023 Head of Household Tax Brackets
| If taxable income is: | The tax due is: |
|---|---|
| Not over $15,700 | 10% of taxable income |
| Over $15,700 but not over $59,850 | $1,570 plus 12% of the excess over $15,700 |
| Over $59,850 but not over $95,350 | $6,868 plus 22% of the excess over $59,850 |
| Over $95,350 but not over $182,100 | $14,678 plus 24% of the excess over $95,350 |
| Over $182,100 but not over $231,250 | $35,498 plus 32% of the excess over $182,100 |
| Over $231,250 but not over $578,100 | $51,226 plus 35% of the excess over $231,250 |
| Over $578,100 | $172,623.50 plus 37% of the excess over $578,100 |
2023 Married Filing Jointly Tax Brackets
| If taxable income is: | The tax due is: |
|---|---|
| Not over $22,000 | 10% of taxable income |
| Over $22,000 but not over $89,450 | $2,200 plus 12% of the excess over $22,000 |
| Over $89,450 but not over $190,750 | $10,294 plus 22% of the excess over $89,450 |
| Over $190,750 but not over $364,200 | $32,580 plus 24% of the excess over $190,750 |
| Over $364,200 but not over $462,500 | $74,208 plus 32% of the excess over $364,200 |
| Over $462,500 but not over $693,750 | $105,664 plus 35% of the excess over $462,500 |
| Over $693,750 | $186,601.50 plus 37% of the excess over $693,750 |
What Are Tax Brackets?
Tax brackets were created by the IRS to implement America’s “progressive” tax system, which taxes higher levels of income at the progressively higher rates we mentioned earlier. The brackets help determine how much money you need to pay the IRS annually.
The amount you pay in taxes is dependent on your income. If your taxable income increases, the taxes you pay will increase.
But figuring out your tax obligation isn’t as easy as comparing your salary to the brackets shown above. For example, if you’re single and your 2022 taxable income is $50,000, not all of that will be taxed at 22%, the top bracket for a single person making $50,000. Some of that will be taxed in lower brackets.
How To Figure Out Your Federal Income Tax Bracket
You can calculate your taxes by dividing your income into the portions that will be taxed in each applicable bracket. Every bracket has its own tax rate. The bracket you’re in depends on your filing status: if you’re a single filer, married filing jointly, married filing separately or head of household.
The tax bracket your top dollar falls into is your marginal tax bracket. This bracket is your highest tax rate–which applies to the top portion of your income. Use our federal income tax bracket calculator below to find your marginal tax percentage for the 2022-2023 tax year.
For example, if you are single and your 2022 taxable income is $75,000, your marginal tax bracket is 22%. However, some of your income will be taxed in lower tax brackets: 10% and 12%. As your income moves up the ladder, your taxes will increase:
- The first $10,275 is taxed at 10%: $1,027.50.
- The next $31,500 (41,775-10,275) is taxed at 12%: $3,780.
- The last $33,225 (75,000-41,775) is taxed at 22% $7,309.50
- The total tax amount for your $75,000 income is the sum of $1,027.50 + $3,780 + $7,309.50 = $12,117 (ignoring any itemized or standard deductions that may apply to your taxes).
How To Get Into a Lower Tax Bracket
You can lower your income into another tax bracket by using tax deductions, such as the write-offs for charitable donations, property taxes and mortgage interest. Deductions help cut your taxes by reducing your taxable income.
Tax credits, such as the earned income tax credit or child tax credit, also can put you into a lower tax bracket. Credits provide a dollar-for-dollar reduction in the amount of taxes you owe.
Depending on your financial situation, you can use both tax deductions and credits to lower the amount you pay Uncle Sam each year.
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How Income Tax Brackets and Rates Have Evolved Over the Past 10 Years
Each bracketed rate applies to a portion of a person’s income.
2021 Federal Income Tax Brackets
2020 Federal Income Tax Brackets
2019 Federal Income Tax Brackets
2018 Federal Income Tax Brackets
2017 Federal Income Tax Brackets
2016 Federal Income Tax Brackets
2015 Federal Income Tax Brackets
2014 Federal Income Tax Brackets
2013 Federal Income Tax Brackets
2012 Federal Income Tax Brackets
Eds note: This story was corrected on Jan. 3, 2023, after an earlier version erroneously stated that the tax for a married couple filing jointly with income over $89,450 but not over $190,750 would be equal to $10,204 plus 22% of the excess over $89,450. The correct base figure is $10,294, not $10,204.
